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Protective effects of miR‑155‑5p silencing on IFN‑γ‑induced apoptosis and inflammation in salivary gland epithelial cells

Jingli Zhang,Lingling Zhu,Hong Shi,Huizhe Zheng

Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) serve a vital role in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR‑155‑5p in SS and determine its underlying molecular mechanism. An inflammatory lesion model was established by stimulating salivary gland epithelial cells (SGECs) with interferon‑γ (IFN‑γ). The apoptosis of SGECs was measured by using flow cytometry. Levels of proinflammatory factors were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and ELISA, respectively. Immunofluorescence was used for p65 staining. Dual‑luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the interaction between miR‑155‑5p and arrestin β2 (ARRB2). The protein levels in the NF‑κB signaling pathway were assessed by western blotting. The results of the present study demonstrated that treatment with IFN‑γ increased miR‑155‑5p expression, in addition to inducing apoptosis and inflammation in SGECs. Furthermore, overexpression of miR‑155‑5p promoted IFN‑γ‑induced apoptosis and inflammation in SGECs. Overexpression of miR‑155‑5p also increased Bax protein expression, enzyme activities of caspase 3 and caspase 9, release of inflammatory cytokines interleukin‑6 and tumor necrosis factor‑α, and decreased Bcl‑2 protein expression in IFN‑γ‑treated SGECs. By contrast, all of the effects aforementioned were reversed following miR‑155‑5p knockdown. These results demonstrated that miR‑155‑5p activated the NF‑κB signaling pathway, where treatment with the NF‑κB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, reversed the effects of miR‑155‑5p overexpression on the inflammatory factors in IFN‑γ‑induced SGECs. miR‑155‑5p was demonstrated to target ARRB2 and negatively regulated its expression levels, such that overexpression of ARRB2 reversed the effects of miR‑155‑5p overexpression on the inflammatory response, apoptosis and the NF‑κB signaling pathway in IFN‑γ‑treated SGECs. Collectively, results from the present study suggest that miR‑155‑5p may activate the NF‑κB signaling pathway by negatively regulating ARRB2 to promote salivary gland damage during SS pathogenesis. This suggests that miR‑155‑5p may serve to be a potential target for the treatment of SS.