Jia Zhou,Li-Lin Chen,Yu-Tong Zhu,Evan Siemann,Nian-Feng Wan
Sunflowers ( Helianthus annuus ) are potential trap crops to attract the yellow peach moth ( Conogethes punctiferalis ) in orchards but the volatile compounds released from sunflowers and their effects on C. punctiferalis behaviour are not clear. Here we used solid phase micro-extraction to collect volatiles released from flower disks of sunflowers, identified them by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, and examined the attractiveness of some of the compounds to mated female adult C. punctiferalis moths in Y-tube olfactometer choice tests. We detected nine volatile compounds (α-Pinene, β-Phellandrene, Camphene, β-Pinene, 3-Carene, D-Limonene, Eucalyptol, γ-Terpinen, and Valencene) with consistently large peak areas for α-Pinene and β-Phellandrene. Among tested volatiles, both α-Pinene and β-Phellandrene were attractive to C. punctiferalis in olfactometer tests but this was only significant for higher concentrations of β-Phellandrene. This suggests that β-Phellandrene may promote C. punctiferalis oviposition on sunflower disks. This study provides insights into volatile chemical mediated responses of insect herbivores to trap crops.
Ma Yinzheng,Wang Yuanxiao,Zhou Xia,Yang Heng,Zhang Huixin,Chen Wenhan,Zhang Haiying,Zhang Yunxia,He Xiaowen
Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels seeds have been shown to have diverse beneficial medical value due to their unique active components. This study analysed the composition of essential oils (EOs) of C. lansium seeds and investigated their potential antifungal effects against Candida strains . A total of forty-six components were identified in all samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The main components were sabinene, β -phellandrene and 4-terpineol. Thirteen EOs of C. lansium seeds were classified into three clusters based on their components. Cluster analysis showed that the difference between the tropics and subtropics was the greatest. These EOs and the three main chemicals showed different antifungal activities against five Candida species ( C. albicans , C. tropicalis , C. glabrata , C. krusei and C. parapsilosis ). The antifungal activity against C. glabrata and C. krusei was higher than that against other Candida strains. EOs of C. lansium seeds displayed noteworthy antifungal activity against both sensitive and fluconazole-resistant strains, with inhibition zone diameters in the range of 9.4–23.4 mm. Comprehensive analysis illustrated the importance of sabinene, β -phellandrene and 4-terpineol to antifungal activity, and there may be some synergistic effects with other components. These results represent the first report about the correlation between the chemical composition of EOs of C. lansium seeds and antifungal activity. Taken together, the results obtained provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of C. lansium seeds waste.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）