CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Jia-Yue Liu,Shi-Yao Hua,Li-Juan Ma,Xin Tao,Wen-Yu Fu,Jian-Bo Wan
Panax notoginseng leaves (PNL) are renowned for rich ginsenoside content. The choice of extraction solvents is critical, as the β -glucosidase in PNL can lead to ginsenoside hydrolysis. Herein, we synthesized 43 deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to simultaneously extract ginsenosides and inhibit the hydrolysis. The various extraction parameters were evaluated using single-factor experiments and optimized by response surface methodology. Our findings identified choline chloride-urea (ChCl-Ure, 1:2 mol/mol) as the most effective solvent under the optimized condition: water content of 29.1 %, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:50.9, extraction temperature of 50.8 °C, and extraction duration of 59.2 min. Compared to conventional water extraction, the DES method significantly improved extraction efficiency (106.8 mg/g vs. 73.0 mg/g) while dramatically reducing ginsenoside hydrolysis (7.0 % vs. 100.0 %). Although the extraction efficiency and hydrolysis ratio with DES were similar to those of methanol, DES notably minimized chlorophyll extraction (0.1 mg/g vs. 4.7 mg/g). Furthermore, ginsenosides were refined at a high rate (80.3 %) from DES extract using macroporous resins, and the DES was successfully recovered and reused 4 times. Mechanistic studies revealed that the enhanced extraction efficiency of ChCl-Ure DES resulted from its ability to disrupt cell walls, strong electrostatic potential attraction, low binding energy, and effective hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces with ginsenosides. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that DES restricted the flexibility of critical amino acids in the β -glucosidase catalytic pocket, enhancing its structural rigidity and reducing its activity. Mainstream greenness assessment metrics and economic evaluation highlighted the environmental and economic benefits of the extraction strategy. Collectively, this eco-friendly method offers significant advantages, including high extraction efficiency, low residual chlorophyll, and effective inhibition of ginsenoside hydrolysis, making it a promising approach for extracting ginsenosides from PNL or Panax leaves.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药用植物学
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分析化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2024
·
IF 5.7
Jia-Yue Liu,Li-Juan Ma,Ru-Jie Yang,Yu Liu,Zheng Shu,Yong-Qing Cai,Qing-Wen Zhang,Feng-Qing Yang,Jian-Bo Wan
Rare dehydrated ginsenosides barely exist in natural ginseng plants. Herein, the confined microwave technique was utilized to transform the main ginsenosides of Panax notoginseng leaves (PNL) into dehydrated ginsenosides. The main microwave-treated products of dried PNL are dehydrated ginsenoside Rk1, Rg5, notoginsenoside SFt3, and SFt4. Comparatively, the main microwave-treated products of water preimmersed PNL are dehydrated ginsenoside Rk2, Rh3, notoginsenoside SFt3, and SFt4. The impacts of solvent, solid–liquid ratio, microwave temperature and duration on the yield of dehydrated ginsenosides were explored. Based on theoretical calculation, primary ginsenosides in water preimmersed PNL are more prone to deglycosylation at the C-20 site and dehydration elimination reactions at the side chain during microwave treatment. Moreover, reference compounds were used to verify ginsenoside transformation pathway, and the dehydrated ginsenosides were individually purified and identified. In short, this study elucidates novel approach for preparing rare Δ20(21)- and Δ20(22)-dehydrated protopanoxadiol ginsenosides.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药用植物学
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天然产物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 23
·5801
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IF 4.2
Fan Zhang,Fan Sun,Lequan Yu,Fei Li,Lixia Liu,Xiaoyan Cao,Yi Zhang,Lijie Wu
A novel screening platform based on an Fe3O4@C@PDA-Ni2+@COX-2 ligand fishing combination with high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry was first designed, synthesized, and employed to screen and identify COX-2 inhibitors fromPanax notoginsengleaves. The obtained magnetic nanoparticles exhibit outstanding preconcentration ability that allows for controlling the enzyme orientation to avoid enzyme active site blocking, conformational changes, or denaturing during immobilization. The as-prepared Fe3O4@C@PDA-Ni2+@COX-2 composite was carefully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), Xray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Zeta potential analysis. The analytical parameters influencing the magnetic solid-phase fishing efficiency were optimized by univariate and multivariate methods (Box–Behnken design) by testing a positive control and celecoxib with active and inactive COX-2. Under the optimized ligand fishing conditions, twelve potential COX-2 inhibitors were screened and characterized inPanax notoginsengleaves. The results indicate that the proposed method provides a simple, feasible, selective, and effective platform for the efficient screening and identification of active compounds from Chinese herbal medicine. It has guiding significance for the synthesis and development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs, and provides a reference for the efficient discovery of anti-inflammatory drugs or lead compounds from the complex system of Chinese herbal medicine.
研究领域:
药理学
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纳米技术
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中药化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Frontiers
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2025
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IF 6.9
Shu-zhen Ran,Rui Peng,Qin-wan Guo,Li-juan Ma,Jian-bo Wan,Jun-qing Huang,Zi-ying Wang,Gang Chen
Panax notoginseng Leaf (PNL), an edible-medicinal botanical resource, shows potential as functional ingredients for alleviating depression, owing to their unique saponin composition. This study investigates the regulatory effects of PNL-derived saponins on pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and their related antidepressant mechanisms. Our findings demonstrate that PNL supplementation significantly alleviates depressive-like behaviors. Mechanistically, PNL upregulates PACAP expression in the hippocampus and activates the downstream CREB and mTOR signaling pathways, leading to increased expression of synaptic plasticity markers, including BDNF and PSD95, while concurrently inhibiting microglial activation and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Among the major saponins in PNL, ginsenosides Rb3 and Rc were found to synergistically enhance PACAP expression in the cultured PC12 cells. These results underscore the potential of PNL for novel functional food ingredients, highlighting the antidepressant synergism of its naturally occurring ginsenosides (Rb3/Rc), and provide a natural antidepressant strategy.
研究领域:
药理学
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神经科学
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植物学
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生物化学
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精神病学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
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