JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2023
·
IF 8.7
Lin Hou,Xiaowei Jin,Na Liu,Ying Luo,Jianhua Liao,Changsheng Guo,Jian Xu
Triadimefon is ubiquitous in various environmental media. Although toxicity of triadimefon to individual of aquatic organisms has been confirmed, its effect on organisms at population level remain poorly understood. In this study the long-term effect of triadimefon on individual and population of Daphnia magna were studied using multi-generational experiments and matrix model. Development and reproduction of three generations of F1 and F2 were significantly inhibited with the triadimefon concentration of 0.1 mg/L ( p < 0.01). Toxicity of triadimefon to the offspring was stronger than to the parent ( p < 0.05). When triadimefon concentration was higher than 0.1 mg/L, both population number and intrinsic rate of increase showed a decreasing trend with the increasing exposure concentration. Age structure of the population also tended to decline. Toxicity threshold derived on population-level was between mortality-based LC 50 and reproduction-based NOEC of Daphnia magna , and also between acute toxicity and chronic toxicity derived from species sensitivity distribution (SSD). The risk of population level derived from risk quotient was low for most areas, and the results derived from probability risk showed that the expected loss of intrinsic rate of increase of population was 0.0039 without considering other factors. Compared to the individual-level, the ecological risks at the population level were closer to the actual situation of the ecosystem response to the chemical pollution.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-Chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Lei Han,Zhaochun Jiang,Xuefei Zhang,Xiaomao Wu
Rosa roxburghii (R. roxburghii) is a unique, edible, medicinal fruit rich in vitamin C found in Southwest China. Triadimefon (TDF) is a triazole fungicide that is widely used to control powdery mildew in R. roxburghii. To assess the safety of TDF in R. roxburghii, an LC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of TDF and its major metabolite, triadimenol (TDN) in R. roxburghii. Both TDF and TDN showed high correlation coefficients (>0.999) for the solvent- and matrix-matched calibrations. The recovery rates of TDF and TDN in R. roxburghii ranged from 90.18% to 100.42%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.25%–9.22%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.01 mg·kg−1. The half-life of TDF in R. roxburghii was between 2.74 and 3.07 days, with terminal residues ranging from < LOQ to 1.84 mg·kg−1. Recommended maximum residue limits (MRLs) and safe pre-harvest intervals (PHIs) for TDF in R. roxburghii were 0.5 mg·kg−1 and 21 days, respectively. This study provides essential data for TDF’s safe and judicious use in R. roxburghii production.
研究领域:
植物保护
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分析化学
·
食品安全
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES
·
2019
·
IF 1.463
Jing Nie,Peter Yaro,Kaifeng He,Haihong Hu,Su Zeng
The purpose of this study was to study the excretion stereoselectivity of triticonazole enantiomers in rat urine and faeces. Six male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were administrated 50 mg/kg rac-triticonazole. Rats urine and faeces were separately and quantitatively collected at the following intervals: 0–3, 3–6, 6–9, 9–12, 12–24, 24–36 and 36–48 h. The faeces samples were homogenized in an aqueous solution containing 0.2% DMSO at the ratio of 1 g: 40 mL. An aliquot of 100 μL rats urine or faeces homogenate was spiked and mixed with 6.0 μL of 1.00 μg/mL flusilazole as an internal standard. The triticonazole enantiomers in urine and faeces were determined by using an HPLC/MS–MS after samples preparation. The excreted amounts of enantiomers in the urine showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) except for 3–6 h. The cumulative excretion rate (Xu0→24) in urine was 26.43 ± 0.08% and 37.58 ± 0.11% for R-(−)- and S-(+)-triticonazole, respectively, indicating high enantioselectivity (P < 0.001). The cumulative excretion rate (Xu0→72) in faeces was 6.93 ± 0.03% and 6.77 ± 0.03% for R-(−)- and S-(+)-triticonazole, respectively, without a difference. The results showed that the total cumulative percentage of triticonazole enantiomers accounted for in urine and faeces was 64.00 ± 0.13% and 13.70 ± 0.32%, the urinary excretion of R-(−)- and S-(+)-triticonazole were significantly different and S-(+)-triticonazole was preferentially excreted. However, the faecal excretion of the enantiomers showed no difference.
研究领域:
药理学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Yanhua Wang,Xiaofang Wang,Yu-Cheng Zhu,Dou Wang,Lu Lv,Liezhong Chen,Yuanxiang Jin
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin , and triadimefon (TDF) is a triazole fungicide . These compounds are prevalent in the environment, and their residues have been detected in crops. However, the precise health risks associated with mycotoxins and fungicides are not fully elucidated. In this work, five-week-old mice were gavage with OTA (0.3 and 1.5 mg/kg/day), TDF (10 and 50 mg/kg/day), and OTA + TDF (0.3 + 10 and 1.5 + 50 mg/kg/day) for 28 days. Exposure to OTA, TDF, and OTA + TDF led to significant alterations in liver total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and glucose (GLU) levels, as well as in genes associated with glycolipid metabolism in mice. Reduced acylcarnitine levels in serum indicated that OTA, TDF, and co-exposure inhibited fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation. Furthermore, OTA and TDF disrupted the integrality of the gut barrier function and altered the structure of the intestinal microbiota. These findings suggested that OTA, TDF, and their co-exposure might disrupt the intestinal barrier, alter the structure of the microbiota, and subsequently inhibit FA β-oxidation, indicating the interference of OTA and TDF with glycolipid-related intestinal barrier dysfunction. Moreover, our data revealed a toxic additive effect between OTA and TDF, providing a foundation for assessing the combined toxicity risk of mycotoxins and fungicides.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
毒理学
·
微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
·
2019
·
IF 2.983
Jing Nie,Peter Yaro,Kaifeng He,Su Zeng
Triticonazole with an asymmetrical carbon atom has two enantiomers and is a broad-spectrum systemic fungicide, but its disposition in animals is unclear. In this study, a chiral analytical method of LC–MS/MS was developed and validated for the assay of triticonazole enantiomers in rat plasma and tissues. There were no endogenous interferences in the blank plasma and tissues of rats. R -(−)- and S -(+)-triticonazole peaks were separated entirely. The calibration curves were linear from 25 to 2500 ng/mL of each enantiomer. The accuracy, precision, and stability met the requirements of bioanalysis. Therefore, this method is enantioselective, accurate, precise, sensitive and reliable, and has been successfully applied to analyze R -(−)- and S -(+)-triticonazole in rat plasma and to study the toxicokinetics of triticonazole enantiomers in rats. After single oral administration of 50 mg/kg racemate triticonazole to rats, the AUC (0-∞) and C max of R -(−)-triticonazole were 3.5 and 3.6 times higher than that of S -(+)-triticonazole, respectively. The content of S- (+)-triticonazole was higher in the kidney whilst R- (−)-triticonazole was higher in the brain and small intestine. The results showed that the toxicokinetics and tissues distribution of triticonazole enantiomers in rats have stereoselective differences.
研究领域:
分析化学
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毒理学
·
药代动力学
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DOI
高影响因子
SN Applied Sciences
·
2020
·Vol. 2
·期 12
·1-11
·
IF 0
Chen Huayao,Zhan Jinghui,Zhou Hongjun,Hao Li,Xu Hua,Pu Xia,Zhou Xinhua
Developing effective sustained release system is an efficient way to prevent the pollution from overused pesticide. Hence, a highly efficient sustained release system was developed using zinc (II) modified montmorillonite (Zn–Mt) prepared by ion exchange from sodium montmorillonite (Na–Mt) with zinc nitrate. Zn–Mt was modified by sodium alginate (ALG) to further improve its sustained release performance and pH-sensitivity. The results indicated that triazolone was supported on the zinc modified montmorillonite through the coordination bond from zinc ion. The zinc ion in the Mt also played a similar role as calcium ion to induce ALG crosslinking which made ALG highly dispersed in the pores of Mt. ALG interacted with Zn 2+ from Mt through electrostatic interaction and winded with triazolone to form a barrier for the sustained release system. As a result, the adsorption capacity of ALG–Zn–Mt (17.75 mg/g) was improved comparing with Na–Mt without modification (14.52 mg/g). The sustained release performance of ALG–Zn–Mt showed also significant pH-sensitivity in accordance with the stability of ALG.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
农药化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE
·
2019
·Vol. 352
·期 8
·1800313
·
IF 2.145
Ming-Xia Song,Yuping Huang,Shiben Wang,Zeng-Tao Wang,Xian-Qing Deng
A novel series of benzoxazole derivatives containing 1,2,4-triazolone ( 5a-m ) was designed. These compounds were synthesized in order to screen their anticonvulsant activities by the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) model and the subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (sc-PTZ) seizure model in mice. The rotarod test was used to evaluate their neurotoxicities. Most of the compounds showed anti-MES activities at 100 and 300 mg/kg. Compound 5f , which showed potential anticonvulsant activity in the MES model with ED 50 values of 22.0 mg/kg, was considered as the most promising one in this study. It exhibited greater safety than that of carbamazepine and valproate regarding neurotoxicity. The efficacy of compound 5f in inhibiting the tonic seizures and death induced by the convulsants 3-mercaptopropionic acid and BIC was also verified. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, compound 5f and the positive drug phenytoin significantly increased the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level in the mouse brain. Further, pretreatment with an inhibitor of the GABA synthesizing enzyme dramatically raised the ED 50 value of 5f in the MES model. These results confirmed that the compound 5f plays its anticonvulsive action via regulating the GABA function in the brain. Also, a docking study of the compound 5f in the benzodiazepine (BZD) binding site of the GABA A receptor confirmed possible binding of the compound 5f with BZD receptors.
研究领域:
药理学
·
神经科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2024
·Vol. 26
·期 9
·1303-1311
·
IF 2.6
Shuyue Miao,Fangbao Jiao,Ying Wang,Qi Zhang,Suming Jing,Hongzhen Li,Xin Zhou
Compared with jagged and rod-like raw products, the spherulitic 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) crystalline powder is generally superior in the formulation. However, the growth mechanism and corresponding influential factors for NTO spherulites remain to be deeply explored. Herein, the morphological evolutions of NTO crystals in alcohol solvents under a range of maximum supersaturation (Smax) are systematically investigated. It was found that differences in solvent-crystal interface interactions determine the primary morphology of the growing crystals while the magnitude of Smax determines the subsequent polycrystalline evolution. The cooling rate, initial concentration and stirring rate all could affect the crystal morphology by changing the Smax. It is demonstrated that there exists a critical Smax range (1.75–1.88) above which the formation of spherulites is kinetically favorable. Face indexing tests suggest that the (0 0 1) plane of NTO is mostly prone to twinning at low supersaturation, which is because that the molecular layers on the (0 0 1) surface are prone to twisting and the energy difference before and after is only 8.77 kJ mol−1. Then, the interfacial growth theory is employed to explain how a growing crystal plane develops from smooth to rough with non-crystallographic sub-individuals as the crystallization driving force increases. The change of morphology has a positive consequence in improving the safety performance of NTO crystalline powder under drop-weight impact. These findings would forward the understanding of the spherulitic crystallization process for energetic crystals.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2023
·
IF 4.1
Qi Dong,Shuai Yu,Xingzhu Wang,Shangzhi Ding,Enxia Li,Yuanxing Cai,Fumin Xue
The solubility of itraconazole hydroxy isobutyltriazolone (IHI) in four commonly used binary solvent mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) + water, DMF + ethanol, tetrahydrofuran (THF) + water, and THF + ethanol was determined with gravimetric method at temperatures ranging from 283.15 to 323.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The solubility of IHI in all selected solvents increases with the increase of temperature. The maximum solubility of IHI exists in the solvent of DMF + ethanol (0.06523 mol·mol–1, x20 = 0.7, T = 323.15 K), while the minimum solubility exists in DMF + water (0.0003723 mol·mol–1, x20 = 0.3, T = 283.15 K). There is a co-solvency phenomenon in the mixed solvents of DMF+ ethanol, THF + water, and THF + ethanol. Four thermodynamic models, including the modified Apelblat model, the Yaws model, the Sun model, and the modified Jouyban–Acree model, were selected to fit the solubility data of IHI. All the RAD values are less than 0.0484, and RMSD values are not more than 0.001319. The Yaws model and the modified Apelblat model fit the solubility data of IHI better than the other two models. All the selected four models can fit the solubility data of IHI well.
研究领域:
药学
·
物理化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2018
·Vol. 23
·期 4
·756
·
IF 3.098
Ming-Xia Song,Zhen-Yuan Wang,Shi-Hui He,Sheng-Wang Yu,Shi-Long Chen,Dong-Fu Guo,Wen-Hao Zhao,Xian-Qing Deng
In this study, a novel series of 4-(2-(alkylthio)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones (4a–m) was designed and synthesized. The anticonvulsant activities of these compounds were evaluated by using the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizure models in mice. The neurotoxicity of these compounds was evaluated using the rotarod neurotoxicity test. The majority of compounds showed anti-MES activities at 100 or 300 mg/kg. Compound4gwas considered to be the most promising, based on its potency against MES- and PTZ-induced seizures with ED50values of 23.7 and 18.9 mg/kg, respectively. The TD50value of4gwas 284.0 mg/kg, which resulted in a higher protective index (PI = TD50/ED50) value than that of carbamazepine and valproate. In an ELISA test, compound4gsignificantly increased the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content in mouse brain. In addition, pretreatment with thiosemicarbazide (an inhibitor of the GABA synthesizing enzyme) significantly decreased the activity of4gin the MES model, which suggests that the mechanism through which compound4gelicits its anticonvulsive action is at least in part through increasing the GABA level in the brain.Keywords:anticonvulsant;maximal electroshock;pentylenetetrazole;benzoxazole;triazolone
研究领域:
药理学
·
神经科学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·Vol. 189
·期 6
·1-10
·
IF 6.408
Xia Dacheng,Jiang Panpan,Cai Zhiwei,Zhou Rui,Tu Bo,Gao Nan,Chang Gang,He Hanping,He Yunbin
A new approach is presented to fabricate flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate of Ag nanocubes monolayer-modified polydimethylsiloxane (Ag NCs/PDMS) through a powerful three-phase interface self-assemble method. The morphologies and crystal structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The self-assembled Ag NCs/PDMS substrate exhibited high SERS activity and good signal homogeneity, which was successfully used for quantitative detection of thiram; the detection limit reached 10 ng/mL, and the linear range is 10–1000 ng/mL. Furthermore, the flexible SERS substrates were successfully employed to detect thiram residues on factual apple samples, and trace amount (1 ng/cm 2 ) of thiram residues was detected on apple peels. The excellent SERS detection ability of self-assembled Ag NCs/PDMS substrate indicated that it will play an important role in pesticide detection in the future. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2024
·Vol. 191
·期 11
·1-13
·
IF 5.3
Shi San-Jun,Ji Mei-Qi,Huang Rong-Fu,Fan Zi-Yan
A general one-step lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) for the quantitative detection of triadimefon (TDF) and triadimenol (TDN) in fruit and vegetable samples was developed using time-resolved fluorescence microspheres (TRFM) as labels. A specific anti-triadimefon monoclonal antibody (mAb) was conjugated with TRFM to fabricate LFIA test strips. A time-resolved fluorometer as an LFIA reader was applied to obtain quantitative results and assess risk ranges for the LFIA test strips. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) in buffer/cucumbers/tomatoes/oranges were 0.046 ng/mL, 0.135 µg/kg, 1.047 µg/kg, and 5.811 µg/kg, respectively, which are ca . 1000 times lower than that of colloidal gold-labeled strips. The recovery in cucumber/tomato/orange samples was 109.4–116.7%, 87.7–110.9%, and 88.0–111.9%, respectively, indicating that the test strips had good reliability. Coupled with the easily customizable pretreatment procedures for various samples, the LFIA results were obtained within 18 min without the need for professional personnel or complicated equipment. TRFM-LFIA for TDF and TDN also shows remarkable specificity and precision. The test strips were also low-cost, portable, and convenient to use. These results indicate the test strips could be utilized as a novel strategy for on-site detection of TDF and TDN, which has the potential to expand and detect other pesticide or insecticide residues in food. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
·
免疫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）