Agriculture-Basel
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2022
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·1528
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IF 3.408
Shengnan Li,Zedong Wu,Chunhong Liu,Lianxue Fan,Yongheng He,Ke Lu,Dajun Liu,Guojun Feng
Propamocarb is a pesticide widely used to control cucumber downy mildew. The overuse of propamocarb has resulted in residues and phytotoxicity. However, the detoxification and metabolic process of propamocarb have not been documented well. Our previous work showed differences in the propamocarb residues among the different genotypes of cucumber and their regulation by multiple genes. Based on the already reported data on gene expression profiles under propamocarb treatment, we identified the glutathione pathway, including six different genes (Csa4M303130,Csa3M133380,Csa5M409710,Csa7M395820,Csa3M597320, andCsa1M571280), involved in propamocarb detoxification. The qPCR analysis showed thatCsa1M571280(CsGSH2) was most significantly and differentially expressed at 48 h after propamocarb spray in the cucumber varieties Y3F604 (low propamocarb residues) and M729 (high propamocarb residues). In Y3F604,CsGSH2expression increased from 6 to 48 h after spraying propamocarb, and the expression was positively correlated with propamocarb residues, whereas M729 showed no significant difference inCsGSH2expression. Therefore, we presumedCsGSH2as a key gene in managing propamocarb residues. Gene functional analysis showed that propamocarb residues decreased inCsGSH2-overexpressing plants and increased inCsGSH2-antisense plants. Overexpression ofCsGSH2enhanced glutathione (GSH) accumulation and glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities, probably for propamocarb detoxification. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, and APX) increased to maintain a high antioxidant capacity inCsGSH2-overexpressing plants. The superoxide (O2−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased inCsGSH2-overexpressing plants, promoting the antioxidant system composed of ascorbic acid and glutathione (AsA-GSH). Thus, we conclude thatCsGSH2alleviates propamocarb residues and phytotoxicity by enhancing cucumber’s antioxidant and glutathione detoxification potential.Keywords:cucumber;propamocarb;antioxidant;glutathione;detoxification
研究领域:
植物科学
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分子生物学
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农业化学
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 38
·期 4
·833-843
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IF 4.5
Xiaofang Wang,Lingyu Hu,Cuiyuan Jin,Mingrong Qian,Yuanxiang Jin
As an effective fungicide widely used in agricultural production, the excessive procymidone (PRO) residue has been detected in the environment and food. Our previous study demonstrated that PRO could destroy the intestinal barrier in mice and has a joint toxic effect. To explore the cross-generational impact of maternal exposure, 10-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were orally administrated to 10 and 100 mg/kg body weight/day of PRO during pregnancy and lactation. The offspring obtained nutrients from the maternal through the placenta and breast milk, and PRO residues were detected in the liver, intestine, and feces of F1 generation. Fecal examination found that the residual PRO had been completely metabolized when the offspring mice grew to 35 days. The drug residue of F1 generation male mice was higher than that of female mice. We attributed this result to the difference in cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme expression between male and female mice. The transcriptional levels of CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2D9, and CYP3A4, and CYP450 protein expression levels, were higher in female mice. Furthermore, targeted MS of plasma revealed abnormal amino acid levels. In addition, PRO-induced hepatic metabolite changes in F0 and F1-7w mice. KEGG pathway analysis further showed that PRO jointly changed the amino acid biosynthesis pathway of the maternal and offspring. In summary, these results indicated that maternal exposure to PRO during a special period would interfere with self metabolism, and offspring will also have metabolic disorders.
研究领域:
毒理学
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药理学
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分子生物学
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Cuiyuan Jin,You Weng,Yi Zhang,Zhiwei Bao,Guiling Yang,Zhengwei Fu,Yuanxiang Jin
Propamocarb is a systemic carbamate fungicide used to fight diseases. The effect of propamocarb on the formation of atherosclerosis was evaluated in wild-type (WT) and ApoE knockout (ApoE −/− ) mice. C57BL/6 J WT mice were fed control diet or high-fat diet (HFD) with 20 mg/L propamocarb in drinking water for 24 weeks. Propamocarb significantly increased the serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol while decreasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Simultaneously, propamocarb facilitated lipid accumulation in the liver and increased the expression of cholesterol synthesis and transport genes in the liver and ileum. Lipid accumulation was observed in the aortic roots of the propamocarb-treated mice fed HFD, and similar results were also observed with whole aorta staining. In addition, propamocarb exposure significantly increased the mRNA levels of IL-1β , TNF-α , ICAM-1 , and VCAM-1 in the aorta and the serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in HFD groups treated with propamocarb. In ApoE −/− mice, the results were consistent with those obtained in WT mice after exposure to 20 mg/L propamocarb for 10 weeks. Meanwhile, propamocarb significantly increased the levels of CD36, NF-κB, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 proteins in the aortas of ApoE −/− mice. Propamocarb further disrupted cholesterol metabolism and enhanced atherosclerosis and inflammatory responses much more substantially, indicating that propamocarb has the potential to accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis. An analysis of gut microbiota revealed that propamocarb altered the composition of gut microbiota in both WT and ApoE −/− mice. Interestingly, propamocarb increased the abundance of Peptostreptococcaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Clostridiales_VadinBB60_group , which are related to atherosclerosis at the family level. The abundance of Paeniclostridium, Allobaculum, and Clostridioides , which are closely related to atherosclerosis, was also increased by propamocarb exposure. Our findings indicate that propamocarb exposure may promote atherosclerosis by disrupting lipid metabolism, increasing the inflammatory response, and altering the structure of gut microbiota.
研究领域:
药理学
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心血管疾病
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免疫学
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微生物学
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代谢
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Stress Biology
·
2025
·Vol. 5
·期 1
·1-15
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IF 5.8
Hao Xinchang,Li Yiwen,Hang Zhaoyue,Chen Yue,Tang Yidong,Miao Jianqiang,Peng Qin,Liu Xili
Cucumber target spot, a major disease that threatens cucumber production, is caused by Corynespora cassiicola . Cyclobutrifluram, a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) developed by Syngenta, has demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and nematodes. However, its antifungal spectrum, resistance risk as well as underlying mechanisms of resistance in C. cassiicola remain poorly understood. In this study, cyclobutrifluram exhibited potent inhibitory activity against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes, with the mean sensitivity of C. cassiicola isolates to the fungicide being 0.98 ± 1.26 μg/mL. Additionally, five laboratory-derived cyclobutrifluram-resistant mutants showed comparable or lower biological fitness than their respective parental isolates. The resistant mutants and field isolates were also found to possess nine distinct point mutations in the CcSdhB , CcSdhC or CcSdhD genes. Finally, cyclobutrifluram exhibited positive cross-resistance with other SDHIs, with the resistance levels varying depending on the specific mutations present. In conclusion, cyclobutrifluram was found to be effective against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes. C. cassiicola ’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was assessed as moderate to high and was primarily associated with mutations in CcSdh genes.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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真菌学
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农药科学
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分子生物学
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农业科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.2
Qin Peng,Xinchang Hao,Chunyue Liu,Xiuhuan Li,Xingxing Lu,Xili Liu
Florylpicoxamid, a QiI fungicide, demonstrates broad-spectrum activity against a wide range of phytopathogenic organisms belonging to the phyla Basidiomycota and Ascomycota. Nevertheless, the potential for resistance and the underlying resistance mechanisms of Corynespora cassiicola against florylpicoxamid are still not fully understood. We determined the baseline sensitivity levels of 101 C. cassiicola isolates to florylpicoxamid. The EC 50 values varied from 0.01 to 1.18 μg/mL with an average of 0.50 μg/mL. Laboratory-induced fungicide adaptation of nine wild-type isolates generated seven C. cassiicola mutants exhibiting high level of resistance to florylpicoxamid, all originating from a single parental isolate. The mutants maintained their resistance even after undergoing ten successive cultivations on a medium devoid of fungicides. No cross-resistance was detected between florylpicoxamid and pyraclostrobin, fluopyram, prochloraz, or propineb. Five of the resistant mutants showed an improved compound fitness index (CFI) relative to their parental isolate, whereas the remainder displayed either a reduced or comparable CFI. All seven of the resistant mutants displayed an A37V substitution within the CcCytb protein, which was responsible for the resistance to florylpicoxamid, as validated through molecular docking analysis. Furthermore, an allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) method for detecting the CcCytb A37V mutation was successfully established. In summarize, the findings of this study indicate a moderate risk of C. cassiicola developing resistance to florylpicoxamid, with the A37V substitution in CcCytb playing a key role in this resistance, detectable through the use of specific AS-PCR primers.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Lijun Wei,Weimin Gan,Mengdie Cai,Hongping Cai,Guowen Zhang,Xianglei Cheng
In this study, S -methyl derivatives of dithiocarbamates (DTCs) were shown to significantly enhance chemiluminescence (CL) between Ce(IV) and efficient and environmentally friendly nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs). Based on the elucidation of the CL mechanisms, an innovative approach involving high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with N-CDs and CL detection (HPLC-CDCL) was proposed. The developed method was successfully applied to the highly sensitive detection of three DTC fungicides (dimethyl dithiocarbamate, ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, and propylene bisdithiocarbamate) in tea. The recovery of the established method ranged 70.51–116.45%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) of <9.40%. The limit of detection (S/N = 3 ) was as low as 0.19 μg/L (as CS 2 ), which is superior to the previous methods and comparable to UPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Moreover, the proposed approach does not require solid-phase extraction and offers excellent selectivity. This study proposes a novel method for the detection of DTCs in the food safety and environmental fields.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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食品安全
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PubMed
高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2021
·Vol. 188
·期 11
·1-9
·
IF 5.833
Chen Shuqin,Huang Mengna,Huang Mianli,Feng Liang
A strategy based on CsPbBr 3 quantum dots (QDs) is described for the determination of ziram pesticide. A facile and inert gas-free method was used for the synthesis of CsPbBr 3 QDs. The obtained CsPbBr 3 QDs displayed turn-off fluorescence behavior for ziram. The fluorescence intensity of the CsPbBr 3 QDs ( E x / E m = 365/516 nm) was inversely proportional to the concentration of ziram (0.10 to 50.0 ppm) with a detection limit of 0.086 ppm. Notably, satisfactory recoveries (100 ± 0.25 to 107 ± 5.72%) were obtained in spiked fruit samples, which demonstrated that this method is capable of detecting ziram in real samples. In addition, the mechanism for the detection of ziram was investigated in detail. According to the results, this mechanism can be tentatively explained by fluorescence quenching originating from the increased surface defects and the structural changes of the CsPbBr 3 QDs. The detection ability of this strategy shows promising applicability in food safety. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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食品科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Yan Guo,Xiaojiao Zheng,Xin Wang,Zhuoting Zhang,Shu Qin,Xiaowen Wang,Xu Jing
A simple, green extraction method of dithiocarbamate (DTC) pesticides in food samples was developed using adhesive tapes and a green deep eutectic solvent (DES). A rapid and convenient determination and distinction method of DTC pesticides was established using tyrosinase inhibition assay. First, DTC pesticides were extracted by pasting and peeling off the adhesive tape, then eluted by the DES synthesized from xylitol and ethylene glycol . Second, determination of DTC pesticides was conducted by inhibiting the activity of tyrosinase which can catalyze the oxidation of catechol . Less colored products were generated in the reaction system (tyrosinase, catechol, and 4-aminoantipyrine), leading to weak absorbance. In addition, different DTC pesticides (ziram, propineb , zineb , mancozeb , thiram , metiram, and ferbam) were successfully distinguished by sensor arrays (tyrosinase, phenolic compounds , and 4-aminoantipyrine) through principal component analysis. The limit of detection was found to be 0.2 μg kg −1 , and the limit of quantification was 0.6 μg kg −1 . The recoveries ranging from 89.4% to 103.8% were obtained in vegetable, fruit, and cereal, with a relative standard deviation of less than 4.2%. The method is simple, rapid, and convenient and shows good application prospects in the determination of pesticides in a variety of food samples.
研究领域:
分析化学
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食品安全
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）