POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B
·
2023
·Vol. 65
·期 2
·103-110
·
IF 1.2
Tianchen Song,Xiang Yixin,Gao Jiangang,Shen Xianrong
Abstract In this paper, ethyl lactate was used as a green solvent for iron(III)-catalyzed activators generated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerizations of methyl methacrylate in the absence of any external ligand. The effects of amount and type of solvent were investigated. Most of the systems showed the typical features of reversible deactivation radical polymerization. The polymerization of methyl methacrylate with ethyl lactate as a solvent and a ligand proceeded in a controlled manner as demonstrated by the first-order kinetic plot, low dispersity of polymers, an increase in polymer molecular weight with rise of the monomer conversion and by chain extension experiments.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2022
·
IF 8.047
Tianliang Lu,Zhiyun Yang,Hongji Li,Haijun Chen,Jun Xu,Chunbao Charles Xu,Jianshe Wang,Zhongjun Li,Yongsheng Zhang
Selective oxidation of ethyl lactate (EL) with molecular oxygen as oxidant is an alternative route to produce ethyl pyruvate (EP). However, to obtain pyruvate with high yield under mild conditions remains challenging due to the troublesome over oxidation issue. Here, a highly efficient photocatalytic strategy was firstly developed to obtain EP at room temperature. ZnIn sulfides (ZIS) with different Zn/In ratios were synthesized as the catalysts. Under the irradiation of visible light, 100% EL conversion with 88.4% EP yield could be obtained. The optimized ZIS catalyst shows the highest surface area (215.7 m 2 g −1 ) as well as much higher separation and transport efficiency of the electron-hole pairs. Combining radical trapping experiments with characterization results, a reaction mechanism was proposed. The mild reaction conditions with efficient generation of singlet oxygen contribute the high yield of EP. Kinetic isotope experiments indicate that the cleavage of C(OH)−H bond probably was involved in the rate determining step.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Catalysis
·
2018
·
IF 11.384
Tianliang Lu,Junpeng Zou,Yuzhong Zhan,Xiaomei Yang,Yiqiang Wen,Xiangyu Wang,Lipeng Zhou,Jie Xu
Highly efficient oxidation of ethyl lactate (ELA) to ethyl pyruvate (EP) was realized over TS-1 in the presence of aqueous H2O2 (30 wt %) at low temperature without other solvent. A 100% ELA conversion and 97.8% EP yield were obtained at 50 °C after 9 h. The conversion rate of ELA is sensitive to the reaction temperature. High reaction temperature (70 °C) leads to an increase in conversion rate of ELA but causes the fast hydrolysis and decarboxylation of EP to form byproducts of acetic acid and CO2. On the basis of the characterization (pyridine-FTIR and UV–vis) and reaction results, active species of Ti(OOH) were proven. In addition, a nonradical mechanism for conversion of ELA to EP for this catalytic system was proposed. By kinetic analysis, the formation of Ti(OOH) is confirmed as the rate-determining step. The apparent activation energy (103.4 kJ mol–1) was also obtained. Furthermore, TS-1 was highly stable for the oxidation of ethyl lactate. There were almost no change in ELA conversion and EP yield throughout 10 reaction runs.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
有机合成
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2021
·Vol. 11
·期 18
·10935-10940
·
IF 3.361
Junjun Shi,Fukun Li,Jie Zhang,Ning Li,Xingmin Wang,Xianming Zhang,Yunqi Liu
Efficient strategies for producing bio-based reagents from sustainable biomass are highly attractive for cost-effective sustainable manufacturing. In this study, a series of eco-friendly Zr-based catalysts (basic zirconium carbonate, zirconium dioxide and zirconium hydroxide) were investigated for the efficient conversion of dihydroxyacetone to ethyl lactate in a one-pot system, in which basic zirconium carbonate exhibited the best performance with 100% dihydroxyacetone conversion and 85.3% EL (ethyl lactate) yield at 140 °C, 4.0 h and 1.0 MPa N2. The improved activity of basic zirconium carbonate could be attributed to the synergistic effect among acid and base active sites. Furthermore, this low-cost catalyst shows improved thermochemical stability and recyclability under optimal conditions, where no significant decrease in activity was observed after three runs. This catalytic process could be identified as a promising alternative to produce ethyl lactate from renewable biomass and its derivatives.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
催化化学
·
绿色化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2015
·
IF 1.098
Song Zhang,Zhibao Huo,Dezhang Ren,Jiang Luo,Jun Fu,Lu Li,Fangming Jin
An efficient conversion of biomass-derived ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) over CuO was investigated. Among the catalysts we tested, CuO, Cu 2 O and Co showed excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of ethyl lactate to 1,2-PDO in water, and CuO was more active and gave the best result. The 1,2-PDO yield of 93.6% was achieved when Zn acted as a reductant. The results indicated that in situ formed hydrogen by the oxidation of Zn in water is more effective than gaseous hydrogen, which failed to produce the 1,2-PDO from ethyl lactate. From a practical point of view, the present method may provide a useful route for the production of 1,2-PDO from ethyl lactate.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
·
2016
·
IF 3.349
Xiaopeng Zhang,Hua Wang,Xiao Liu,Jinyu Han,Xinli Zhu,Qingfeng Ge
Co/NaY catalysts prepared by impregnation of NaY with a cobalt nitrate-ethanol solution were used to catalyze liquid-phase hydrogenation of ethyl lactate to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO). To elucidate the effect of calcination conditions and cobalt loading, the catalysts were characterized using XRD , N 2 physical adsorption, H 2 -TPR, XPS , H 2 -TPD, and TEM . The results show that both high calcination temperature and high amount of Co loading result in relatively large Co 3 O 4 particles. The reduced cobalt catalysts consist of three cobalt species, including metallic Co, cobalt oxides and cobalt species interacting with zeolite (cobalt aluminate/silicate), due to incomplete reduction of cobalt species. The absence of the characteristic peak of metallic Co in the XRD pattern confirms its high dispersion on NaY, in agreement with the TEM results. H 2 -TPD effectively quantifies the number of surface metallic Co sites, which correlates linearly with the ethyl lactate conversion. This correlation indicates that metallic Co is the active site for ethyl lactate hydrogenation. A complete conversion of ethyl lactate with a selectivity of 96% to 1,2-PDO has been achieved over the 6Co/NaY-673-5 catalyst.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 5.545
Hu Yanru,Zhang Gengrui,Liu Lele,Chi ZiXin,Wang Shuai,Lin Jingdong,Xiong Haifeng,Wan Shaolong
The thermocatalytic conversion of hexose into valuable chemicals such as methyl lactate under mild conditions is very appealing. Here, we report that Mo, Mg co-modified Sn-β catalyst can effectively catalyze the transformation of glucose and fructose into alkyl lactate at moderate temperatures. A maximum yield of around 35% of methyl lactate was achieved from the conversion of glucose in methanol at 100°C over Sn-β catalyst modified with 3 wt% Mo and 0.5 wt% Mg. However, up to 82.8% yield of ethyl lactate was obtained in the case of fructose in ethanol upon the same catalytic condition, suggesting a significant solvent effect. The Mo species plays a key role to enable the retro-aldol condensation of fructose, in which the competing side reactions are significantly suppressed with the assistance of neighboring Mg species probably through a synergetic effect of Lewis acid-base.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
绿色化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
·
2022
·
IF 4.119
Qiuyan Ding,Hong Li,Zhanpeng Liang,Rui Zuo,Songzhe Huang,Xingang Li,Yilai Jiao,Xin Gao
Bio-ethyl lactate (EL), an alternative green solvent to the traditional petroleum-based solvent, has a distinct advantage in the chemical industry. However, to solve the problem of high energy consumption and low yield in the production of EL is the premise of large-scale production and application. This work proposes an economical and energy-efficient reactive distillation (RD) process through excess lactic acid (LA). As the primary data of RD process design, the kinetics of esterification reaction between LA and EL were investigated using the ion exchange resins KRD001 catalyst. Besides, the developed RD model has been validated utilizing five pilot-scale RD experimental data for process design. Furthermore, the proposed process is optimized with the objective of the minimum heat duty per kilogram product (HDP) of EL, taking into account energy consumption, reaction conversion, economic and environmental impacts. The proposed process has obvious economic and environmental advantages, which can cause a reduction of 52.25% for the total annual cost per kilogram product ( T A C K ) of EL and 4.63% for the gas emissions compared with the excess ethanol (EtOH) process. This provides guidance and reference for the green technology development and production of EL.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
·
可持续发展
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CATALYSIS SURVEYS FROM ASIA
·
2022
·Vol. 26
·期 3
·211-220
·
IF 2.964
Lu Shiyao,Zhang Jian,Wu Zhiyi,Su Zerui,Huang Jianbin,Liang Yehao,Xiao Feng-Shou
Highly dispersed Au nanoparticles supported on Ni–Al mixed metal oxides (Au/NiAl-MMO) were prepared by a facile method, which is significantly efficient for the aerobic oxidation of ethyl lactate using authentic air as the oxidant, achieving 72.6% ethyl lactate conversion and 88.3% selectivity to ethyl pyruvate at 240 °C in a continuous fixed-bed reactor. The catalyst retained its catalytic performance during a long-term stability test. Characterization and experimental studies on the kinetic dependence sequence of the reactants and elementary reaction steps confirmed that the Au/NiAl-MMO catalyst followed the Mars–van Krevelen mechanism, with the activation of O 2 as the elementary step. The quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra demonstrated that the active sites in the Au/NiAl-MMO catalyst were Au nanoparticles. This work may provide a novel technique for developing more efficient supported metal catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of ethyl lactate using authentic air as the oxidant. Graphical abstract Highly dispersed Au nanoparticle catalyst was facilely prepared for the efficient catalytic oxidation of ethyl lactate with authentic air.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Shoujie Du,Liucui Yao,Bin Zhong,Junwei Qin,Songgui He,Youqiang Liu,Zhenqiang Wu
Ethyl lactate is the most abundant ester in semi-solid rice baijiu fermentation, affecting the flavor of baijiu to a great extent. The present study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and formation contributor of ethyl lactate by removing the microorganisms and extracellular enzymes from the upper, middle, and lower fermentation broth during the later fermentation stage. The removal of suspended substances by centrifugation did not affect the ethyl lactate content in the top and middle fermentation broth containing free cells, enzymes, and starch particles. After day 5 of fermentation, only the lower fermentation broth containing granular cells attached to the starch could continue to accumulate lactic acid, thereby increasing the ethyl lactate content. The results showed that the chemical reactions were the main contributor to the increased ethyl lactate content at the anaphase of fermentation rather than enzymatic catalysis or microbial metabolism. Sequencing of granular cells revealed the main lactic acid producers at different fermentation stages. Lactobacillus helveticus showed the highest abundance of 94.45–95.40% on day 5, which decreased to 29.58–30.20% on day 15, while Lactobacillus acetotolerans showed the highest abundance of 47.93–49.72% at day 15. Additionally, the granular cells were recovered and used for supplementary inoculation in the next batch, which significantly increased the ethyl lactate content. This study provided a novel strategy for improving the ethyl lactate content in semi-solid baijiu fermentation.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
微生物学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2020
·
IF 2.87
Jiequn Wu,Weiming Hua,Yinghong Yue,Zi Gao
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-supported V2O5 catalysts were prepared by the impregnation pyrolysis method, and their physicochemical properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis, TGA, N2 adsorption, and H2-TPR. These catalysts exhibit extremely high activity and selectivity in the aerobic oxidation of ethyl lactate to ethyl pyruvate. The excellent catalytic performance derives from the high surface-chemisorbed oxygen species. Low calcination temperature and interaction with g-C3N4 are conducive to increasing the surface-chemisorbed oxygen species of V2O5. The optimal catalyst 13V2O5/g-C3N4 gives 96.2% conversion of ethyl lactate with 85.6% selectivity toward ethyl pyruvate in 4 h at 130 °C and 1 atm oxygen, which is significantly superior to those of previously reported V-containing catalysts. This catalyst is also stable and reusable, and the ethyl pyruvate yield is reduced by less than 10% after four runs without any regeneration treatment.
研究领域:
催化化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2017
·Vol. 12
·期 4
·527-535
·
IF 0.836
Guizhuan Xu,Binglin Chen,Zhangbin Zheng,Kai Li,Hongge Tao
5-Ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) and ethyl levulinate (EL) have been considered as the new promising biofuels. A comparative study was conducted for the direct conversion of carbohydrates into EMF and EL in different medium containing ethanol. The distribution and formation kinetics of EL, EMF, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid (LA) in pure ethanol and ethanol/organic solvent medium were compared, and the results showed that the addition of n-hexane can improve the accumulation of EMF. When the volume ratio of ethanol to n-hexane was 6:4, 66.29% of EMF yield can be obtained from fructose at 120°C and 180 min. The total yield of the EMF and EL can reach to 83.71%, increased by 5.73% compared with that in pure ethanol medium. Moreover, water addition can suppress the etherification of HMF to EMF and promote the rehydration of HMF to LA in the process. On the basis, a putative reaction pathway for the conversion of carbohydrates in ethanol/n-hexane medium was proposed. © 2017 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）