JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2014
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IF 2.871
Hao Li,Qingni Yu,Bin Yang,Zhongjian Li,Lecheng Lei
Galvanostatic anodic oxidation of artificial human urine (AHU) was carried out by using boron doped diamond (BDD) and IrO 2 electrodes respectively. It was found that organic compounds in urine could be almost completely mineralized in a few hours and ammonia may be oxidized into N 2 by the electro-catalytic process. However, the oxidation processes were highly dependent on the electrode materials. On the non-active BDD electrode complete oxidation occurred, and the final oxidation products of inorganic ions, including ClO 4 − and NO 3 − , were formed. Whereas on the active IrO 2 electrode, the final products generated and left in solution were highly toxic substances, including N 2 H 4 and NO 2 − , because the oxidizing activity on the IrO 2 electrode surface is relatively low. The pH values during the degradation process were monitored and the corresponding degradation mechanisms and pathways on both electrodes are proposed based upon the measured inorganic intermediates.
研究领域:
环境科学
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电化学
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水处理技术
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生物医学工程
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分析化学
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
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2020
·Vol. 45
·期 4
·5841-5851
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IF 3.741
Zhi Ming Wang,Peng Liu,Yan Peng Cao,Feng Ye,Chao Xu,Xiao Ze Du
Summary In this study, novel Pt-IrO 2 nanofiber catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) were successfully prepared using the electrospinning method with a high-concentration precursor solution. The composition and structure of catalysts were characterized, and the electrocatalytic performance of the nanofiber catalysts in water electrolysis was investigated from various aspects such as overpotential, charge transfer resistance, and exchange current density. Special attention was paid on the effect of Pt/Ir ratio on the electrocatalytic activity of the electrospun nanofibers. The results showed that the Pt-IrO 2 nanofiber catalysts with average fiber diameters ranging from 10 to 100 nm can be successfully obtained by the electrospinning method, and the average diameter decreased with the increase of Pt content. Since a bigger amount of IrO 2 content and a thinner fiber structure are all beneficial to the electrocatalytic performance, the Pt-IrO 2 catalysts with Pt:Ir = 1:9 and Pt:Ir = 9:1 both showed better catalytic performance for OER than the commercial IrO 2 , which was also demonstrated by the lower charge transfer resistance and higher exchange current density. As a result, the overpotentials of Pt-IrO 2 catalysts with Pt:Ir = 1:9 and Pt:Ir = 9:1 are 50 mV and 32 mV lower than the overpotential of the commercial IrO 2 at 30 mA cm −2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 , respectively. The electrospun Pt-IrO 2 nanofiber catalyst with proper Pt content seems to be very promising since it can not only improve the catalytic performance and the safety of PEM electrolysis cells, but also reduce the amount of more expensive Ir in catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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纳米材料
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能源化学
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催化化学
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Nature Communications
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2026
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IF 15.7
Liu Shujie,Sun Mao,Dai Letian,Wang Shuhao,Yu Zhaoshi,Li Nan,Chen Feilong,Wei Yan,Shen Yan,Zhao Chuan,Wang Mingkui
For industrial water electrolysis, the development of active and stable catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction remains a challenge. Here, we report a heterostructure catalyst composed of NiFe layered double hydroxide nanosheets anchored on pyramidal Fe 2 (MoO 4 ) 3 to activate lattice oxygen for efficient and durable oxygen evolution. Our investigation reveals that oxygen vacancies within the NiFe layered double hydroxide and the internal electrical field at the material interface optimize the electronic states, allowing oxygen atoms within the crystal lattice to participate directly in the reaction. The resulting heterostructured NiFe LDH/FeMoO catalysts possess high oxygen evolution reaction activity in 1 M KOH electrolyte with a low overpotential of 316 mV at 2 A cm −2 and maintain long-term stability over 3,000 h. Furthermore, integrating this anode into a solar-powered electrolyzer yields a high solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 20.15%. This work provides a promising strategy for designing stable catalysts and advancing the integration of renewable energy with water electrolysis to produce clean hydrogen at scale.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 13.2
Siyi Liu,Xingbo Ge,Chao Lv,Ning Zeng,Zezheng Zhang,Qin Li,Jinguang Cai
Catalysts and catalytic electrodes for anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) face challenges including ionomeric binder instability, high cost of noble metal-based catalysts, and insufficient activity of non-noble metal alternatives. Herein, we report a low-cost strategy to prepare ultra-stable self-supported bifunctional iron phosphide (FeP) catalysts for both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The catalysts were fabricated via facile high-temperature oxidation of industrial stainless-steel felts (SSFs) followed by phosphating. Oxidation promotes the following phosphidation with high surface area exposure and conducts robust interfacial bonding between the FeP layer and SSF substrate, ensuring stable operation at high current densities and long-term durability. Phosphidation optimizes the surface electronic structure and enhances the synergistic effect of multiple metals from SSFs, endowing the catalysts with excellent alkaline catalytic activity. Notably, FeP/SSF-700-5 exhibits superior bifunctional performance, achieving 10 mA cm −2 at overpotentials of 297 mV (OER) and 105 mV (HER). When used as the anode in an AEM electrolyzer, it reached the industrial current density of 1 A cm −2 at 1.7693 V; as the cathode, 1.8729 V was required for the same current density. Both configurations showed no obvious degradation after 4000 h electrolysis at 1 A cm −2 . When employed as both anode and cathode, FeP/SSF-700-5 enabled the electrolyzer to operate at 1.9414 V at 1 A cm −2 , with an ultra-low degradation rate of −3.8 μV/h. This study provides a high-performance, stable self-supported bifunctional catalyst, laying a solid foundation for the rational design of non-precious metal catalysts in large-scale industrial applications.
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Nature Catalysis
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2026
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IF 44.6
Wang Luqi,Hao Yixin,Pan Jinliang,Bi Suwan,Hung Sung-Fu,Peng Kang-Shun,Wang Ai-Yin,Chen Tsung-Yi,Li Shaoxiong,Ling Chongyi,Zhang Ying,Li Linlin,Hu Feng,Zhou Xiong,Chen Han-Yi,Wu Kai,Wang Jinlan,Wu Yuping,Peng Shengjie
Developing Earth-abundant anode electrocatalysts for proton-exchange-membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) to replace iridium is crucial for reducing hydrogen production costs but their poor acid stability remains a major challenge. Here we prepare a lanthanum and calcium co-doped Co 3 O 4 catalyst, which can tune water–surface interactions to suppress cobalt dissolution, thereby enhancing stability. Lanthanum with weak water affinity is introduced onto the Co 3 O 4 surface to construct atomic sites with specific water–molecule interactions (CoLa-SWMI). The CoLa-SWMI reconstructs the interfacial water environment and moderately alleviates the polarization of the metal–oxygen bond induced by hydrogen bonding with water molecules, thereby extending catalyst lifetime. Moreover, the leaching of surface calcium species creates highly active coordinatively unsaturated cobalt sites, which enhance catalytic activity (CoLaCa-SWMI). PEMWE using a CoLaCa-SWMI anode operates stably for 830 h at 1.0 A cm −2 . This study provides an approach to designing non-noble-metal electrocatalysts, potentially reducing reliance on rare metals in PEMWE.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2026
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IF 21.1
Fenyang Tian,Shuo Geng,Menggang Li,Longyu Qiu,Fengyu Wu,Sheng Zeng,Tongbo Zhang,Manyi Gao,Lin He,Jie Sheng,Xin Zhou,Weiwei Yang,Yongsheng Yu
The sluggish kinetics of alkaline water dissociation and its competitive interference with hydrogen evolution steps, driven by inefficient interfacial water-catalyst interactions, challenge the efficiency of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Inspired by H+/K+-ATPase-like specific water orientations that enhance proton transport, we report a Co-NiMo tandem catalyst for decoupling water dissociation and hydrogen evolution through electronegativity-driven H-Co/O-NiMo interfacial water alignment, achieving spatial separation of active sites. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations screening across five descriptors identifies Co as the optimal partner for NiMo, enabling efficient spatial separation of active sites. The optimized Co-NiMo tandem catalyst achieves exceptional performance with a low HER overpotential of 27 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and maintains >1-week stability at 500 mA cm −2 in anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE), exceeding most state-of-the-art Ni-based catalysts ever reported. In-situ spectroscopy combined with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations reveals an oriented H-Co/O-NiMo water configuration, weakening H-O bonds and accelerating HER kinetics. This work not only establishes a new paradigm for electrocatalyst design, but also advances sustainable energy conversion technologies.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2026
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IF 8.3
Wenyao Xue,Ziyue Wang,Hongliang Fu,Guanjie Xue,Jing Zhao,Yue Lian,Zhifeng Wang,Yongfeng Hu,Huaihao Zhang
Four-electron transfer process of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has become a bottleneck restricting water electrolysis, due to its inherently high kinetic energy barrier. Therefore, the exploration for high-efficiency and long-term stable non-noble metal OER catalysts is crucial for sustainable energy conversion. This work designs a molten salt-mediated ball milling-pyrolysis stepwise treatment to synthesize spongy V 2 O 5 composite Fe-intercalated graphitic nitrogen (N–V 2 O 5 @FeC). Specifically, Fe-intercalated graphite is achieved using the FeCl 3 /KCl molten salt system, a highly conductive FeC substrate being constructed accordingly. Then, NH 3 generated from melamine pyrolysis enables spongy porous structure construction and N-doping. N–V 2 O 5 @FeC catalyst possesss the following advantages: First, spongy porous structure greatly increases exposure of active sites, while Fe intercalation-induced graphite edge defects and Fe–O–V bonds jointly enhance active site density of V 2 O 5 composite, thereby boosting catalyst activity. Second, N-doped carbon network improves electron transport performance, enabling catalyst's charge transfer resistance decline to 19.9 Ω. Moreover, dual stabilization mechanisms of Fe–O–V stable structure and chemical anchoring of V–O–C bonds endow the material with good structural stability under alkaline conditions. In detail, N–V 2 O 5 @FeC reaches 10 mA cm −2 current density at only 299 mV overpotential in alkaline solution, with low Tafel slope (53.0 mV dec −1 ) and 50-h stability.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 29.1
Yuting Chen,Qing Liu,Yueying Yan,Yang Yang,Bohan Yao,Dongxu Jiao,Huanhuan Xing,Dewen Wang,Xiurong Yang
Developing efficient and stable electrocatalysts for acidic overall water splitting is essential for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), yet remains a significant challenge. In this work, Ir nanoparticles are anchored onto Fe-doped MoO 2 , yielding a novel material (Ir/Fe–MoO 2 ) with high performance for both acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Fe doping stabilizes the MoO 2 lattice by forming Mo─O─Fe bonds and increases the Mo valence state, effectively suppressing over-oxidation and dissolution. The formed Ir─O─Fe interfacial structures enable bidirectional electron transfer, lowering the Ir oxidation state to prevent deactivation and activating bridging oxygen as Brønsted acid sites. These sites facilitate the deprotonation of oxygenated intermediates via a bridging-oxygen-assisted deprotonation mechanism, bypassing the rate-limiting steps of conventional adsorbate evolution pathways. As a result, Ir/Fe–MoO 2 achieves ultralow OER and HER overpotential in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 , and a PEMWE device employing Ir/Fe–MoO 2 as both anode and cathode requires only 1.60 V to reach 500 mA cm −2 at 80°C and sustains this performance for 350 h. This work pioneers Brønsted acid sites in a Mo oxide-based matrix, offering a new design concept for cost-effective, highly active acidic OER and HER electrocatalysts.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 29.1
Da-Shuai Huang,Yi Tang,Pei-Qin Liao,Xiao-Ming Chen
Electrochemical CO 2 reduction must move beyond purified CO 2 to use real-world sources like flue gas or captured CO 2 . But such low-concentration feeds pose two problems: residual O 2 poisons the reaction, triggering competing oxygen reduction reaction, cutting carbon efficiency, and degrading the catalyst, while low CO 2 concentration limits mass transfer and conversion. We solve both with a kinetic molecular sieve: polyethylene glycol-coated bismuth nanoparticles (Bi@PEG). Under simulated flue gas (15% CO 2 , 5% O 2 , 80% N 2 ), Bi@PEG demonstrates record-breaking performance for CO 2 electroreduction to formate, achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 94.1 ± 0.6%, a current density of 0.91 A·cm −2 , and a single-pass CO 2 conversion of 72.5%, and maintains this performance even at 8% O 2 . Mechanism studies show the PEG layer selectively admits CO 2 (small size, quadrupole moment, strong Lewis acid, base interaction with ether oxygens; binding energy −27.4 kJ mol −1 ; diffusion barrier 0.57 eV), resulting in interfacial CO 2 enrichment. In contrast, O 2 transport is significantly impeded due to a higher diffusion barrier (0.83 eV), weak binding affinity (−3.0 kJ mol −1 ), and steric hindrance. By overcoming the dual challenges of low CO 2 concentration and oxygen interference, this work establishes “armored catalysis” as a universal approach for electrochemical CO 2 conversion using realistic, low-concentration, oxygen-containing carbon sources.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
·
IF 12.5
Yue Sun,Zixi Guo,Yingying Xu,Qingxi Zhuang,Zihui Yuan,Yingxia Zhao,Ming Sun,Lin Yu
Carboxyl-functionalized nano-pockets synergistically stabilize IrO x catalyst. • Dual synergistic stabilization mechanism involving “physical confinement – electron regulating” • Achieves ultra-stable OER for >1000 h at 10 mA cm −2 . • Outstanding PEMWE durability with stable 1 A cm −2 operation for over 120 h at 1.64 V. A novel carboxyl-functionalized nano-pockets catalyst (CNP-IrO x ) was rationally designed to counteract the deactivation of iridium oxide (IrO x ) catalysts in acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The ingenuity of our approach is rooted in the physical confinement afforded by the nano-pockets, which ensure a stable structural environment that fundamentally arrests the severe agglomeration of IrO x nanoparticles typically observed during OER. Yet, the design's ingenuity extends beyond mere structural stabilization. While the nano-pockets exert physical confinement, the strategically anchored carboxyl groups simultaneously function as crucial electronic regulators. They modulate the surface iridium sites to maintain the active +3 oxidation state and suppress over-oxidation to the inactive +4 state, thereby closing a key chemical deactivation pathway. Extensive ex/in situ spectroscopy, synchrotron radiation analysis, and electrochemical evaluations have been utilized to confirm the efficacy of dual synergistic stabilization mechanism involving “physical confinement – electron regulating”. Consequently, CNP-IrO x maintains superior OER activity, sustaining stable operation for over 1000 h at 10 mA cm −2 , while also enabling durable high current density at 1 A cm −2 for more than 120 h with a low cell voltage of 1.64 V. This work, by synergizing confinement effects with electronic regulation, paves a novel avenue for designing highly durable IrO 2 -based catalyst architectures. Download: Download high-res image (128KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Science China-Materials
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Zhang Chenxu,Li Ziyan,Zhao Linfei,Li Yajun,Yin Qing,Zhao Danyang,Li Yongzhi,Xiao Bin,Meng Qingkun,Ren Yaojian,Xue Xiaolan,Wei Fuxiang,Sui Yanwei,Wu Xiangfeng,Qi Jiqiu,Ho Johnny C.
Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for the scalable production of green hydrogen; however, the practical implementation requires cost-effective electrocatalysts with high activity and durability. This study introduces a low-cost, three-dimensional (3D) nanoporous ZrVFeCoNi material, fabricated via chemical dealloying, at just 0.16% of the cost of Pt. The structure-activity relationship between its microstructure and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance was systematically explored. The lattice defect effects from multiphase intermetallic compounds, combined with multi-metal synergy, optimize H + adsorption energy and electron transfer kinetics. The 3D nanoporous design provides a high electrochemical surface area with abundant active sites, thereby enhancing electrolyte penetration and reducing interfacial mass transfer resistance. Consequently, the ZrVFe-CoNi electrode exhibits outstanding HER performance, requiring only a 38 mV overpotential to reach 10 mA cm −2 and maintaining stable operation for 1000 h at 500 mA cm −2 . Integrated into a full water electrolyzer (ZrVFeCoNi ∥ IrO 2 /Ni), the system achieves a cell voltage of 1.60 V at a current density of 400 mA cm −2 . Advanced characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that interfacial interactions and charge transfer at heterointerfaces drive the catalytic activity, showcasing the potential of 3D nano-structured multiphase intermetallic compounds as high-performance electrocatalysts for green hydrogen systems.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2026
·
IF 19.7
Dezhi Chen,Longfei Liu,Zhaolin Dou,Fanhao Kong,Xinshu Ji,Hongru Zhou,Min Wang
We report a Pd 1 -MnO 2 that enables efficient bio polyols/sugars electrooxidation under acidic conditions. • The catalyst achieves a fourfold activity that MnO 2 , a 91.1% Faradaic efficiency, and a 288 h stability for formic acid production. • A lattice oxygen assisted deprotonation mechanism is proposed to accelerate C–H/O–H bond activation and C–C bond cleavage in acidic media. Replacing the energy-intensive oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with the oxidation of biomass-derived polyols and sugars has been widely demonstrated in alkaline media, yet it remains fundamentally challenging in acidic environments due to the intrinsic difficulty of activating C–H/O–H bonds. Herein, we report an atomically dispersed palladium doped manganese dioxide (Pd 1 –MnO 2 ) catalyst that effectively overcomes these limitations. This catalyst exhibits over 4-fold enhancement in catalytic activity compared with pristine γ-MnO 2 , achieving a Faradaic efficiency of 91.1% and sustaining a formic acid production rate of 650 μmol cm −2 h −1 over 288 h during glycerol oxidation. Mechanistic investigations reveal a lattice oxygen assisted deprotonation mechanism, wherein single-atom Pd activates adjacent lattice oxygen to accelerate C–H/O–H bonds activation and subsequently promote hydrated C–C bond cleavage, thereby enabling the highly selective oxidation of diverse bio-polyols and sugars to formic acid. Furthermore, by integrating Pd 1 –MnO 2 into a PEM electrolyzer, we demonstrate a practical strategy for upgrading the mixed soluble sugars from hydrolysis of raw biomass to formic acid, and techno-economic analysis corroborates the economic advantages of this approach. Collectively, this work provides molecular-level design principles for developing oxygen-mediated electrocatalysts capable of operating efficiently in acidic environments. Download: Download high-res image (222KB) Download: Download full-size image
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