Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 15
·2875
·
IF 5.2
Yibo Dong,Xiaolong Yao,Wanping Zhang,Xiaomao Wu
3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA) and 3,5-dichloroaniline (3,5-DCA) are, respectively, the primary metabolites deriving from the breakdown of phenylurea herbicides and dicarboximide fungicides in both soils and plants, whose residues in vegetable products have a heightened concern considering their higher health risks to humans and greater toxicity than the parent compounds in the environment. In this study, a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 3,4-DCA and 3,5-DCA residues in chive products based on the optimization of HPLC-MS/MS chromatographic and mass-spectrometric conditions using the standard substances and the modified QuEChERS preparation technique. The preparation efficiency of 3,4-DCA and 3,5-DCA from chive samples showed that acetonitrile was the best extractant. The combination of the purification agent graphite carbon black + primary secondary amine and the eluting agent acetonitrile + toluene (4:1,v/v) had a satisfactory purification effect. The linear correlation coefficients (R2) were more than 0.996 with the six concentration range of 0.001–1.000 mg/L for 3,4-DCA and 3,5-DCA. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation of this method was 0.6 and 2.0 µg/kg for 3,4-DCA, as well as 1.0 and 3.0 µg/kg for 3,5-DCA, respectively. The matrix effect range of 3,4-DCA and 3,5-DCA in chive tissues was from −9.0% to −2.6% and from −4.4% to 2.3%, respectively. The fortified recovery of 3,4-DCA and 3,5-DCA in chive samples at four spiked levels of 0.001–1.000 mg/kg was 75.3–86.0% and 78.2–98.1%, with the relative standard deviation of 2.1–8.5% and 1.4–11.9%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 0.6, 2.0, and 1.0, 3.03 for 4-DCA and 3,5-DCA, respectively. This study highlights that the analytical method established here can efficiently and sensitively detect residues of 3,4-DCA and 3,5-DCA residues for monitoring chive products. The method was successfully applied to 60 batches of actual vegetable samples from different regions.Keywords:3,4-dichloroaniline;3,5-dichloroaniline;simultaneous determination;UPLC-MS/MS;chive
研究领域:
分析化学
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食品安全
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Kaihua Pan,Weihao Zhu,Yanni Huang,Changchang Wang,Hongfei Liu,Qian Li,Qian Zhu,Junqiang Hu,Mingliang Zhang,Jiguo Qiu,Xin Yan,Qing Hong
3,5-Dichloroaniline (3,5-DCA) is extensively used in synthesizing dicarboximide fungicides, medical compounds and dyes. Due to its widespread use in agriculture and industry, 3,5-DCA is often detected in groundwater, wastewater, sediments and soil, posing great risk to animals and humans. However, the genes and enzymes involved in 3,5-DCA degradation remain unidentified. In this study, 3,5-DCA-degrading activated sludge was obtained through 90 days of alternating anaerobic-anoxic acclimation. Microbial community analysis and further study revealed that Dehalobacter sp. DH-1 (OTU10) can convert 3,5-DCA to 3-chloroaniline anaerobically. Pseudomonas sp. DCA-1 (OTU58) can degrade 3,5-DCA, 3-chloroaniline and 2,5-dichloroaniline aerobically. Two gene clusters, ddoA1A2A3A4 and ddoBCDE , responsible for 3,5-DCA degradation, were identified via transcriptome analysis and heterologous expression. The dioxygenase genes of cluster ddoA1A2A3A4 convert 3,5-DCA to 3,5-dichlorocatechol, while those of cluster ddoBCDE mineralize the latter. Ultimately, the iprodione-degrading gene cluster ipaH-ddaH-duaH (responsible for sequential hydrolysis of the dicarboximide fungicide iprodione to 3,5-DCA) was introduced into strain DCA-1 to construct a genetically engineered microorganism, named strain IHC-DCA-1, that is capable of completely degrading iprodione. This study reveals the degradation mechanism of 3,5-DCA and provides potential strains to remediate 3,5-DCA and iprodione in the environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2023
·Vol. 24
·期 4
·3723
·
IF 5.6
Zhuang Wang,Le Yu
The assessment and prediction of the toxicity of engineered nanomaterials (NMs) present in mixtures is a challenging research issue. Herein, the toxicity of three advanced two-dimensional nanomaterials (TDNMs), in combination with an organic chemical (3,4-dichloroaniline, DCA) to two freshwater microalgae (Scenedesmus obliquusandChlorella pyrenoidosa), was assessed and predicted not only from classical mixture theory but also from structure-activity relationships. The TDNMs included two layered double hydroxides (Mg-Al-LDH and Zn-Al-LDH) and a graphene nanoplatelet (GNP). The toxicity of DCA varied with the type and concentration of TDNMs, as well as the species. The combination of DCA and TDNMs exhibited additive, antagonistic, and synergistic effects. There is a linear relationship between the different levels (10, 50, and 90%) of effect concentrations and a Freundlich adsorption coefficient (KF) calculated by isotherm models and adsorption energy (Ea) obtained in molecular simulations, respectively. The prediction model incorporating both parametersKFandEahad a higher predictive power for the combined toxicity than the classical mixture model. Our findings provide new insights for the development of strategies aimed at evaluating the ecotoxicological risk of NMs towards combined pollution situations.
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 10
·724
·
IF 3.8
Nannan Zhan,Yan Xiao,Xingkun Chen,Yuan Tan,Yunjie Ding
In this study, carbon materials with different dimensions, including the typical one-dimensional (1D) carbon nanotube (CNT), two-dimensional (2D) graphene (GF), and three-dimensional (3D) activated carbon (AC), were investigated as a support for Pt catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene (3,4-DCNB) to 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCAN). Notably, the Pt/CNT catalyst with the lowest dimension exhibited the best conversion of 3,4-DCNB under mild reaction conditions, followed by Pt/GF. Comprehensive characterizations, including XRD, TEM, XPS, and in situ CO DRIFTS, reveal that the dimension of carbon supports plays an important role in the particle size and electronic properties of Pt species, consequently affecting the catalytic performances of Pt catalysts. According to the results, electron-deficient Pt particles with small sizes are more favorable for the hydrogenation of 3,4-DCNB to 3,4-DCAN. In addition, dynamic tests and in situ DRIFTS of 3,4-DCNB indicated that the carbonaceous supports will largely influence the adsorption and activation capacity of the Pt catalysts, so that Pt loaded on CNT and GF are superior to that on the AC. We believe this study will provide good guidance for designing efficient carbon-supported metal catalysts for selective hydrogenation.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 2.157
Ruonan Bo,Xingru Dai,Jie Huang,Simin Wei,Mingjiang Liu,Jingui Li
Decoquinate (DQ) is used for prophylaxis against coccidian infections within the digestive tract of chickens, but DQ is extremely insoluble in water. Hence, improving the water solubility of DQ is extremely important. First, decoquinate nanoliposomes (DQNLs) were prepared by the thin-film dispersion–ultrasonic method. The preparation conditions of DQNLs were optimized using the orthogonal test. The optimal preparation conditions of DQNLs were: a ratio of egg-yolk lecithin:drug ( w/w ) of 10:1, ratio of egg-yolk lecithin:cholesterol ( w/w ) of 5:1, rotary-evaporation temperature of 50 ℃, and ultrasound duration of 15 min. The encapsulation efficiency of DQNLs prepared under these conditions reached 99.24 % and drug loading was 5.67 %. The characterization of optimized DQNLs was also done. Transmission electron microscopy of DQNLs showed that they had the characteristic structure of liposomes. The mean particle size was 115.6 nm. The polydispersity index was 0.175. The zeta potential was −39.1 mV. The stability of DQNLs was high upon storage at 4 ℃. In vivo studies demonstrated that the lower dose (5 mg/L) of DQNLs in drinking water obtained the similar anticoccidial efficacy to that of 40 mg/kg DQ in feed against diclazuril-resistance Eimeria tenella isolate. The in vitro inhibitory effect of DQNLs on the sporulation of Eimeria tenella oocysts was dose-dependent. Therefore, the anticoccidial efficacy of DQ was enhanced significantly after being encapsulated into nanoliposomes.
研究领域:
兽医学
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药学
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动物健康
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2013
·Vol. 160
·期 10
·H742
·
IF 2.588
Xiaowen Du,Pan Zhan,Ning Gan,Yuting Cao,Tianhua Li,Weiguo Sang,Lihong Wang
This paper developed an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method for detecting ultratrace levels of the highly toxic organic pollutant, 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA), in water. This method has not been used previously for 3,4-DCA detection, and is based on a 96-well micro-plate modified with molecularly imprinted sol-gel films combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MIF-MWCNTs). The increase in the ECL signal intensity was proportional to the 3,4-DCA concentration within a certain range, and an excellent response was obtained for 3,4-DCA concentrations ranging from 4 × 10−11 to 6 × 10−9 mol L−1, with a low detection limit (LOD) of 1 × 10−11 mol L−1. The detection sensitivity of the present method is higher than those of the most commonly used chromatography methods, with the recovery of 3,4-DCA from spiked samples of water ranging from 83.3 to 110.5%. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption of 3,4-DCA by the MIF-MWCNTs occurred spontaneously as an exothermic and entropy decreasing process (ΔH = −32.49 kJ mol−1, ΔS = −117.89 J mol−1). Kinetic equation fitting demonstrated that the adsorption of 3,4-DCA could be fitted by an intraparticle diffusion model, and that the adsorption isotherm data fitted the Freundlich model.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Flow Chemistry
·
2021
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·121-129
·
IF 2.786
Duan Xiaonan,Yin Jiabin,Feng Aoxing,Huang Mengmeng,Fu Weisong,Xu Wanfu,Huang Zhenfu,Zhang Jisong
The selective hydrogenation of halogenated nitroaromatic compounds is of great importance in the fine chemical industry. However, the hydrogenation reactions in commonly utilized batch reactors suffer from the undesired dehalogenation, resulting in higher requirement for subsequent separation processes and severe corrosion to industrial fatalities. In this work, a H-flow system with the micropacked bed reactor was developed for the selective hydrogenation of halogenated nitroaromatic compounds and the reduction of 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene was selected as the model reaction. With the optimal hydrogenation conditions, the yield of 3,4-dichloroaniline was obtained as high as 99.8% under mild conditions. With this strategy this flow system was successfully employed to the reduction of other chlorinated nitroaromatics also demonstrating low dehalogenation. The H-flow system enables negligible dehalogenation and remarkable yield of target product with higher efficiency and lower energy cost compared with the batch reactor.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
精细化工
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal for Parasitology-Drugs and Drug Resistance
·
2023
·
IF 4
Hongtao Zhang,Lei Zhang,Ganglin Ren,Hongbin Si,Xingju Song,Xianyong Liu,Xun Suo,Dandan Hu
Worldwide distributed coccidiosis is caused by infection of both Eimeria species and Cystoisospora in the host intestine and causes huge economic losses to the livestock industry, especially the poultry industry. The control of such diseases relies mainly on chemoprophylaxis with anticoccidials, which has led to a very common drug resistance in this field. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying resistance to many anticoccidial drugs remain unknown. In this study, strains of E. tenella resistant to 250 mg/kg monensin were generated and characterized. Forward genetic approaches based on pooled genome sequencing, including experimental evolution and linkage group selection, were used to locate candidate targets responsible for resistance to monensin and diclazuril in E. tenella . A total of 16 nonsynonymous mutants in protein-coding genes were identified in monensin-resistant strains, and two genomic regions with strong selection signals were also detected in diclazuril-resistant strains. Our study reveals the genetic characterization of the experimental evolution and linkage group selection in Eimeria species, and also provides important information that contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of drug resistance in coccidia.
研究领域:
寄生虫学
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遗传学
·
兽医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）