To characterize volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aromatic sensory properties in Yun cigar, 27 samples from four origins were analyzed using SPME–HS–GC/MS and sensory analysis. The investigation results were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), Fisher linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and Pearson correlation analysis. In Yunnan cigars, the content of nicotine and neophytadiene accounted for over 90% of the total VOC content. Nicotine was significantly positively correlated with neophytadiene and phytol. The cigars from four origins were clearly classified by the PCA of VOCs. Four region discrimination functions were established through the LDA of 14 compounds, and the validation accuracy was 100%. The sensory descriptors with the highest geometric mean were woody, roasted, fresh-sweet, bean, and scorched. Acetophenone, megastigmatrienone A, and thunbergene were positively correlated with multiple aroma descriptors, while nicotine was negatively correlated with multiple aroma descriptors.
Dan Chen,Haitao Chen,Haowei Sun,Yifei Man,Jie Long,Mengying Liu,Jieyun Cai,Dan Li,Shibin Xu,Kai Liu,Shuqi Wang
Introduction: This study focused on three kinds of cigar tobacco leaves (Yunxue 6, Yunxue 36, Yunxue 2) produced in Yunnan region, and through the systematic analysis of their physicochemical properties and aroma components of the smoke, the transformation pattern of aroma compounds and their origins during combustion were deeply investigated.Methods: In the experiments, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS) techniques were used to comprehensively qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the volatile constituents in the tobacco and its smoke, and combined with the conventional chemical composition detection, to reveal the physicochemical properties of Yunnan cigar tobacco and its influence mechanism on the smoke flavor.Results: Yunnan cigar tobacco exhibits distinct chemical characteristics with low sugar (0.12%–0.16%), high nitrogen (2.84%–4.56%) and alkaloid (2.32%–5.56%) contents, along with imbalanced nitrogen-alkali and potassium-chlorine ratios, affecting its combustion and sensory properties. Smoke analysis identified 144 volatile compounds, predominantly heterocyclic, aromatic and olefinic substances, with elevated pyrazines and pyridines contributing roasted, nutty and smoky notes. GC-O-MS analysis revealed 51 key aroma-active components, demonstrating greater complexity in core tobacco (YXYY) than wrapper tobacco (DHYY, PEYY).Discussion: Combustion transforms precursors (carotenoids, cedranes, phenylalanine) into characteristic aromas through pyrolysis and Maillard reactions, enhancing flavor complexity. This study first elucidates the chemical basis of Yunnan cigar’s characteristic aroma, providing theoretical support for quality improvement, process optimization and product differentiation in domestic cigar production. It fills research gaps in Chinese cigar aerochemistry and establishes a foundation for precision cultivation (e.g., chlorine regulation) and targeted fermentation processes to enhance cigar quality.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）