POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.303
Jiali Yang,Xu Jing,Tengfei Wang,Jianbing Di,Li Chen,Yu Wang
Previous studies reported the ability of l -glutamate (glutamate) to induce host resistance against Alternaria alternata , but the underlying mechanism is still scarce. Here, temporal alteration in antioxidant enzymes and glutamate consuming pathways were transcriptionally and enzymatically monitored in tomato fruits. The results showed that exogenous glutamate application enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, in tomatoes upon inoculation with Alternaria alternata , while lower concentrations of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde were observed. Interestingly, glutamate led to a decline in carbon:nitrogen ratio and induction of deaminating activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, resulting in replenishment of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Concurrently, proline dehydrogenase mediated the proline catabolism was downregulated by glutamate, accompanied by the enhanced biosynthesis of proline due to increased expression of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase. Together our findings favored a model whereby overactivation of antioxidant enzymes and glutamate consuming pathways, deamination of glutamate and proline biosynthesis from glutamate, played a vital role in the mechanism of glutamate-induced resistance.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2013
·Vol. 94
·期 7
·1403-1408
·
IF 1.759
Shixiang Xu,Fujie Yan,Zhendan Ni,Qianru Chen,Hui Zhang,Xiaodong Zheng
BACKGROUND Many essential oils were reported to be used as natural, environmental friendly antimicrobial agents. The antifungal activity in vitro and in vivo of an essential oil extracted from Chinese local Laurus nobilis leaves against Alternaria alternata has been studied . RESULT The main components of the essential oil were investigated by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and 14 components were identified. The main ones were eugenol, caryophyllene and cinnamaldehyde. The antifungal test showed that at 800 µg mL −1 of L. nobilis oil completely inhibited the growth of A. alternata . In addition, the conidial germination of the pathogen was significantly inhibited at 200 µg mL −1 , and the weight of mycelia efficiently decreased at 500 µg mL −1 . The in vivo assay indicated that 500 µg mL −1 L. nobilis oil was effective in protecting cherry tomatoes ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) from infection of A. alternata , with an inhibition ratio of 33.9%. Scanning electron microscopy observations of the pathogen revealed significant morphological alterations in the hyphae . CONCLUSION This work suggested that L. nobilis oil could be used as a potential fungicide to control the post-harvest disease caused by A. alternata . © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
植物学
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真菌学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·Vol. 104
·期 4
·1206-1212
·
IF 1.913
You Cong,Yu Jun,Qin Guangjiong,Yang JinPeng,Yang Chunlei,Hu Guoyuan
BackgroundArtemisia hedinii is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. It can be used to extract dihydroartemisinin (DHA).ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore the optimal conditions for the homogenate extraction of DHA from A. hedinii and the antifungal activity of DHA.MethodsIn this study, single-factor experiments and the response surface method were used to determine the optimal extraction conditions of crude extract and DHA. The method of spore germination was used to study the antifungal activity of DHA on Alternaria alternata.ResultsThe optimal conditions were found as follows: ratio of liquid to material 22 mL/g; extraction time 60 s; and soaking time 34 min. Under these conditions, extraction yield of DHA was (1.76 ± 0.04%). When the concentrations of crude extract were 0.5 and 8 mg/mL, the spore germination inhibition rates of A. alternata were (17.00 ± 2.05%) and (92.56 ± 2.01%), which were 3.34 and 1.15 times that of the DHA standard, respectively.ConclusionsHomogenate extraction technology is a fast and efficient method for extracting DHA from A. hedinii. The crude extract has significant antifungal activity against A. alternata and is inexpensive, providing possible DHA usage in the prevention and treatment of plant pathogenic fungi.HighlightsThe optimum conditions of the extraction of DHA from A. hedinii by homogenate extraction were obtained. DHA has antifungal activity against A. alternata. Compared with pure DHA, the crude extract has stronger antifungal activity against A. alternata.
研究领域:
中药学
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植物化学
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药理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.8
Feng Wang,Dongjie Liu,Ruijing Liu,Qin Wang,Gengsheng Xiao,Lukai Ma
Alternaria alternata is a common fruit-decaying fungus that is potentially hazardous to fruit quality and human health. In this study, volatile and non-volatile compounds in cherry quality after artificial inoculation with A. alternata during cold storage were investigated using HS-GC-IMS and LC-MS. After fungal exposure, cherry samples exhibited significant changes in fungal counts, fruit firmness, and total soluble solid. A total of 36 volatile compounds, including 15 alcohols, 9 aldehydes, 5 esters, 4 ketones, 2 sulfur compounds, and 1 hydrocarbon were detected in the cherries by HS-GC-IMS. Changes in various aldehydes and sulfur compounds occurred in the early and middle storage stages, and changes in alcohols, esters, and ketones occurred in the middle-later storage stages. Seven types of non-volatile compounds were identified as key differential metabolites including 2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid O-b-D-glucoside, 2-O-benzoyl-D-glucose, gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, malonic acid, portulacaxanthin II, and altenusin, which are involved in the biosynthesis pathways of glucose, glycoside compounds, betalain, and fungal metabolites. This study provides further understanding of the relationship between the contamination of A. alternata and the quality of cherry fruit and lays the foundation for preservation technology for fresh fruit.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物病理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2023
·Vol. 103
·期 14
·6861-6870
·
IF 4.1
Feng Lan,Fudong Jiang,Hongwei Zang,Zhixin Wang
BACKGROUND Alternaria can infest pears to produce metabolites, which can contaminate pears and their processed products. Pear paste, one of the most important pear-based products, is popular among Chinese consumers especially for its cough relieving and phlegm removal properties. Although people are concerned about the risk of Alternaria toxins in many agro-foods and their products, little is known about the toxins in pear paste. RESULTS A method was developed for the determination of tenuazonic acid, alternariol, alternariol menomethyl ether, altenuene and tentoxin in pear paste by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with saturated sodium sulphate dissolution and acidified acetonitrile extraction. The mean recoveries of the five toxins were 75.3–113.8% with relative standard deviations of 2.8–12.2% at spiked levels of 1.0–100 μg kg −1 . Alternaria toxins were detected in 53 out of 76 samples, with a detection rate of 71.4%. Tenuazonic acid (67.1%), alternariol (35.5%), tentoxin (23.7%) and alternariol monomethyl ether (7.9%) were detected in all samples at concentrations of < limit of quantification (LOQ)–105.0 μg kg −1 , < LOQ–32.1 μg kg −1 , < LOQ–74.2 μg kg −1 and < LOQ–15.1 μg kg −1 , respectively. Altenuene was never found in pear paste samples. Tenuazonic acid, alternariol, tentoxin and alternariol menomethyl ether should be focused on due to their toxicity and detection rates. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the detection method and residue levels of Alternaria toxins in pear paste. The proposed method and research data can provide technical support for the Chinese government to continuously monitor and control Alternaria toxins in pear paste, especially tenuazonic acid. It can also provide a useful reference for related researchers. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
食品安全
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分析化学
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植物病理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Xiaoyu Guo,Shuyue Wang,Jiang Liang,Meihong Xu
Deoxynivalenol and Alternaria toxins are common food contaminants posing significant threats to human and animal health. Although their individual toxicities have been extensively studied, the combined effects of co-exposure remain largely unexplored. Our findings revealed combined toxins displayed concentration-dependent synergistic and antagonistic interactions on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Co-exposure significantly reduced mitochondrial activity, increased intracellular ROS levels, and activated the mitochondrial-dependent caspase signaling pathway, ultimately leading to enhanced apoptosis. Metabolomics analysis revealed that combined exposure severely disrupted multiple key metabolic processes, including those related to energy (NAD + , adenosine, AMP, and ADP), amino acids ( l -aspartate, l-glutamate), and carbohydrate (Glucose-6-phosphate) metabolisms. These findings highlight that co-occurrence exacerbates the disruption of overall metabolic balance, potentially impairing the normal function of cells by affecting energy production, protein synthesis, and cell proliferation. This study underscores the importance of considering combined mycotoxin exposure and provided possible ideas for inhibiting or mitigating toxicity to ensure food safety.
研究领域:
食品安全
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毒理学
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代谢组学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Scientific Reports
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2024
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-14
·
IF 3.8
Long Lin Fang,Zhao Qi Fang,Zhang Fu Long,Tang Ran,Wei Jia Bao,Guan Shan,Chen Yan
The clinical effects of Schisandra chinensis against human disease are well-documented; however, studies on its application in controlling plant pathogens are limited. Here, we investigated its inhibitory effect on the growth of Alternaria alternata , a fungus which causes significant post-harvest losses on apples, known as black spot disease. S. chinensis fruit extract exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the growth of A. alternata with an EC 50 of 1882.00 mg/L. There were 157 compounds identified in the extract by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, where benzocaine constituted 14.19% of the extract. Antifungal experiments showed that the inhibitory activity of benzocaine on A. alternata was 43.77-fold higher than the crude extract. The application of benzocaine before and after A. alternata inoculation on apples prevented the pathogen infection and led to mycelial distortion according to scanning electron microscopy. Transcriptome analysis revealed that there were 4226 genes differentially expressed between treated and untreated A. alternata -infected apples with benzocaine. Metabolomics analysis led to the identification of 155 metabolites. Correlation analysis between the transcriptome and metabolome revealed that benzocaine may inhibit A. alternata growth via the beta-alanine metabolic pathway . Overall, S. chinensis extract and benzocaine are environmentally friendly plant-based fungicides with potential to control A. alternata .
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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植物化学
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真菌生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 1.7
Qu Huan,Dai Ludan,Guo Zhen,Wang Junjie,Zhang Xiu,Chen Wenjuan,Chen Yang
Lycium barbarum , is a medicine-food homology plant, so sustainable control of the postharvest Goji berry black mold caused by Alternaria alternata is particularly critical. In this paper, the impact of dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) on A. alternata was studied, as well as the effects of DMTS on hypha ultrastructure, membrane permeability, reactive oxygen production, and essential enzymes of the cellular defense system. DMTS was shown to significantly inhibit the spore germination and hyphal growth of A. alternata in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that A. alternata cells were separated between cytoplasm and cell wall, organelles such as mitochondria were vacuolate or even disappeared, and the cytoplasm was fused. PI staining, conductivity measurements, and intracellular nucleic acid and protein content measurements showed that the permeability of the cell membrane changed after DTMS treatment, leading to the leakage of intracellular nucleic acid and protein. DMTS could also cause the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA), thus causing membrane oxidative damage. Through directly destroying the fungal cell and indirectly inducing membrane damage, DMTS can control the postharvest Goji berry black mold, and is a potential application prospect in the control of postharvest diseases.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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食品科学
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微生物学
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农业化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Lizhi Deng,Ranran Xu,Shuaiqi Zhang,Jingxuan Lu,Han Wang,Jiahua Zhou,Chao Zhang,John Golding,Weibo Jiang,Baogang Wang
The increasing consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables has led to the development of eco-friendly and active preservation materials which have slow-release effect of antioxidant/antifungal agents. The propolis microcapsules (PM), utilizing calcium alginate as the wall material, incorporating ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) as the core material, were prepared by ionic gelation method and conducted a investigation of its characteristics After optimization by single factor experiment and theoretical response models, PM which was prepared by dropping 9.3 g L −1 100 mL sodium alginate solution containing 9.8 mL EEP into 0.22 mol L −1 calcium chloride solution showed an encapsulation efficiency of 69.29±1.12 %. Prepared microcapsules were spherical with a dense surface which protected propolis well from the environment, retained a large number of bio-active compounds and improve thermal stability of propolis. Moreover, the microcapsules exhibited good slow-release effect and good inhibitory influence on the development of Alternaria Alternata growth which the colony diameter of the control was 41.38 % higher than the treatment at day six. With 5.0 g PM placed in the small non-woven bag in the application on sweet cherries with non-direct contact method, the decay rate and weight loss of fruits were reduced by 47.5 % and 17.6 %, concurrently the PM also effectively maintain the good appearance, hardness, antioxidant capacity by slowing the reduction in the content of total phenols, flavonoids and enzymatic activities. Therefore, the PM with superior antioxidant and antifungal capacity have the great potential to design as a practical active materials for fruits preservation.
研究领域:
食品科学
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农业工程
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植物病理学
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生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Microbiology
·
2019
·
IF 4.259
Li Jing,Hu Wen-Zhong,Xu Yong-Ping
In this study, attention has been focused on the ecology of yeasts during the spontaneous and inoculated fermentation processes of Vidal blanc icewine in northeast China, which is very important for screening autochthonous yeast strains, understanding the roles of these strains, and managing fermentation. The strategies were to conduct spontaneous and inoculated laboratory-scale fermentation processes simultaneously and to analyze the samples taken at different fermentation stages by culture-dependent and -independent methods. Three hundred and thirty-eight yeast strains were isolated and twelve genera were identified by sequencing. During the spontaneous fermentation process, non-Saccharomyces yeasts were predominant in the initial and middle stages, whereas Saccharomyces dominated in the later stages; Candida was preponderant in the whole process, and its abundance in the final stages was only lower than Saccharomyces. The inoculated fermentation was characterized by a predominance of Saccharomyces throughout the fermentation process; non-Saccharomyces yeasts were observed in the early stage. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 2 region gene was firstly used to analyze the yeast diversity in the samples during the icewine fermentation processes by high-throughput sequencing (HTS), and a more complex mycobiota was revealed. Moreover, the dynamics of other major fungi (mainly Davidiella and Alternaria) during icewine fermentation processes were also revealed, which have never been reported in icewine before.
研究领域:
微生物学
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发酵科学
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食品科学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 6.4
Saiqing Xu,Shuai Ge,Ying Xie,Jing Cheng,Ke Ding,Huan Li,Hua Huang,Zisheng Luo,Yang Shan,Shenghua Ding
Postharvest fruit infection by Alternaria alternata results in significant food waste and economic losses. Methyl ferulate (MF) emerges as a safe and potent plant-derived agent against A. alternata , yet its effectiveness is hindered by poor water solubility, limiting its wide application in postharvest preservation. This study aimed to address this issue by utilizing naturally derived grapefruit essential oil (GEO) as the dissolution carrier for MF, followed by the preparation of a nanosystem to stabilize it through ultrasound-assisted methods. At 20 mg/mL MF loading, nanoemulsions (NEs) exhibited the smallest droplet size (15.66 nm), highest centrifugation stability (Ke of 2.32 %), and optimal storage stability (15.44 nm after 30 d at 4 ℃). Importantly, MF in the nanosystem (named MN) acts as an Ostwald ripening inhibitor and reduces the interfacial tension, which in turn benefits the stability of this system. In vitro , MN showed enhanced inhibition of A. alternata hyphal growth (an inhibitory rate in potato dextrose broth medium of 99.07 ± 1.32 %) and a fourfold reduction in MIC compared to free MF. MN damaged A. alternata plasma membranes and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative stress. In vivo , MN inhibited black spot disease and toxin production of A. alternata in pears. Additionally, MN incorporated into carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) prolonged the shelf life of Korla pears and cherry tomatoes by delaying weight loss and maintaining their firmness and intrinsic nutrients. Therefore, this study broadened the application of MF, offering a viable approach for postharvest preservation of fruit infected by A. alternata .
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物病理学
·
纳米技术
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植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2022
·
IF 6.627
Ai Likun,Fu Shiqi,Li Yong,Zuo Mei,Huang Wen,Huang Jian,Jin Zhichao,Chen Yang
Botanical pesticides are one of the sources of third-generation pesticides, which have received much attention at home and abroad in recent years due to their degradable and pollution-free advantages in nature. This article explored a concise approach toward synthesizing a series of novel L-pyroglutamic acid analogues from L-hydroxyproline. Furthermore, bioassay studies of these sulfonyl ester derivatives against Pyricularia oryzae, Fusarium graminearum, Alternaria brassicae, Valsa mali, and Alternaria alternariae showed moderate antifungal activity. For instance, C08a and C08l provide potential lead agents for controlling Fusarium graminearum because of their inhibitory activity.
研究领域:
药物化学
·
植物保护
·
有机合成
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）