ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2022
·
IF 10.383
Yanting Gong,Yi-Zhou Zhang,Shiqiang Fang,Yadong Sun,Jian Niu,Wen-Yong Lai
Human–machine interfaces (HMIs) enable users to interact with machines, thus playing a significant role in artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and the metaverse. Conventional HMIs are based on bulky and rigid electronic devices, seriously limiting their ductility, damage reconfiguration, and multifunctionality. In terms of replacing conventional HMIs, artificial bionic skins with good ductility, self-reparation, and multisensory ability are promising candidates. Still, they in their present form require innovations in mechanical and sensory properties, especially damage recovery and environmental stability, which seriously affect the service life and result in tons of electric waste. Herein, we present a new type of artificial bionic skin with excellent mechanical performance (>13,000% strain), high environmental stability (−80 to 80 °C), and multiple sensory properties toward strain, stress, temperature, solvent, and bioelectricity. Besides, this new type of artificial bionic skin also exhibits effective reconfiguration ability after damage and recyclability. The as-prepared artificial bionic skin was used as an interactive HMI to collect and distinguish the different sensory stimuli. The electronics assembled by HMI with artificial bionic skin can adhere compliantly on the human body for wireless motion capturing and sensing via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and the Internet. With simple programming, complex human motions can be mimicked in real-time by robots.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物医学工程
·
人工智能
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2025
·
IF 16
Tienan Zhao,Zujian Li,Yuzhu Li,Bin Chai,Weichang Xie,Boyue Gao,Kai Xue,Xingyi Huang,Xiaofeng Ye,Chunhai Fan,Zhitao Zhang
Electronic skin (e-skin), which mimics the tactile and multimodal sensing functions of human skin, is emerging as a key technology for wearable healthcare and human–machine interfaces. All-organic piezoelectric composites owing to their intrinsic flexibility and skin conformability represent attractive candidates for e-skin development. However, achieving a high piezoelectric performance, long-term stability, and mechanical compliance simultaneously remains a critical challenge. Here, we report a phytic acid (PA)-assisted molecular engineering strategy to fabricate P(VDF-co-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE)/PA composites with a high piezoelectric charge coefficient (87 pC N–1) and voltage coefficient (614 mV m N–1), as well as durability. Strong hydrogen bonding between PA hydroxyl groups and PVDF-TrFE chains promotes β-phase crystallization and stabilizes the piezoelectric structure. Meanwhile, the high dielectric constant of phosphate groups enhances the dipole polarization efficiency. Building on this composite, we developed a high-performance piezoelectric skin (pe-skin), which exhibits high sensitivity (35 mV kPa–1), a fast response (∼70 ms), and robust stability. The resulting pe-skin enables real-time physiological monitoring, precise pressure mapping, and smart human–machine interfaces. Overall, this work highlights a promising pathway toward the construction of high-performance pe-skin for healthcare, robotics, and human–machine interfaces.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Small Methods
·
2025
·Vol. 9
·期 9
·e00219
·
IF 9.1
Fu Fan,Lei Chen,Yihan Ma,Pengshuai Wang,Xiaoqian Dong,Feifeng Huang,Yuan Niu,Yu Zhou,Zhiwen Shu,Jianfei Xie,Bo Feng
Human skin functions not only as a barrier but also as a sensitive interface responding to environmental stimuli. Skin-attachable conductive materials are gaining increasingly attention in the field of on-skin electronics for applications in health monitoring and human-machine interfaces (HMIs). However, achieving both low modulus and low hysteresis in skin-attachable conductive materials remains challenging. Herein, a skin-like transparent, low-hysteresis, and highly conductive ionogel for human motion monitoring and deep-learning assisted human-machine interface is introduced. The ionogel demonstrates low modulus (5.08 kPa), superior transparency (>92% in the visible range), low hysteresis (<3%), super adhesive and outstanding conductivity (up to 0.86 S/m at 20 °C). The ionogel based sensors demonstrate outstanding sensing sensitivity for human motion monitoring and biopotential detecting. In addition, the ionogel can be integrated in an HMI for handwriting recognition. The 1D-ResNet algorithm is developed for handwriting recognition, achieving an accuracy of 98.13%. It is believe that the ionogels with both low modulus and low hysteresis have great potential for wearable electronics in healthcare monitoring and HMIs in the future.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Xiaohui Yu,Yufei Wang,Haopeng Zhang,Xiaoshan Fan,Tianxi Liu
A facile route to novel stretchable conductive elastomers with micro-ionicgel acting as conductive fillers was developed via oil-in-oil Pickering emulsion polymerization of nonpolar monomers A and a mixture of polar monomers B and ionic liquids (ILs). Oil-in-oil Pickering emulsions were first fabricated by mixing n-butyl acrylate (n-BA), acrylic acid (AA), ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, [EMIM]+[BF4]−), and alkyl vinyl-functionalized silica particles. The emulsion structure was directly observed using the dye-labeled AA-IL phase by confocal fluorescence microscopy. Upon polymerization, the IL-based conductive composite elastomers were obtained, where the continuous phase and the dispersed phase are poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA) and poly(acrylic acid) containing ILs (PAA-ILs, referred to as micro-ionicgel), respectively. The PnBA matrix endows the formed elastomer with extremely large stretchability (up to 12 000% strain) and insensitivity to moisture. The micro-ionicgels PAA-ILs not only contribute to good conductivity but can also prevent the leakage of ILs upon stretching or folding. The electrical impedance-based stretchable sensors fabricated using this IL elastomer could detect various human motions including the bending of a finger, wrist, elbow, and knee. Therefore, the as-developed sensors show promising applications for human–machine interfaces of flexible wearable sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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纳米技术
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传感器与执行器
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Yiming Luo,Shuo Zhang,Xinru Yang,Yang Shen,Mingxuan Liang,Yijia Lu
With advances in flexible electronics, hydrogels have found increasing use in applications such as wearable devices, soft robotics, and medical rehabilitation. However, conventional hydrogel synthesis methods remain complex and often yield structurally defective materials, hindering the optimal balance between high stretchability and high sensitivity. This limitation represents a major obstacle to practical applications. To overcome this challenge, we developed a PMVFC hydrogel featuring a double-network structure that leverages synergistic effects from three types of non-covalent bonds. The hydrogel comprised a dual-network framework of P(AM-co-VEImBr) and CMC Na, in which MBAA served as a covalent crosslinker to bridge the networks and establish a three-dimensional architecture. The carboxyl groups on CMC-Na formed hydrogen bonds with amide groups on the P(AM-co-VEImBr) backbone and also coordinated with Fe 3+ ions to generate stable ionic crosslinks. This synergistic interaction resulted in significantly enhanced mechanical properties (Stress = 0.65 MPa, Strain = 1425 %), along with improved tensile sensing performance (GF 1 = 12.27, GF 2 = 6.25, GF 3 = 5.94) and pressure sensing capability (S 1 = 0.3963 kPa −1 , S 2 = 0.0568 kPa −1 , S 3 = 0.0085 kPa −1 ). Sensors fabricated from this hydrogel successfully detected limb motion and transmitted signals using Morse code. Additionally, we created an array sensor based on the PMVFC hydrogel, providing a viable technical pathway for the development of high-performance human-machine interfaces and intelligent emergency response systems.
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高影响因子
Science Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 37
·
IF 12.5
Guohui Wang,Yao Tang,Xinran Luo,Shengdi Lu,Yiru Zhou,Yi Lu,Guangyang Sun,Pei Liu,Jiayu Ning,Hua Jiang,Ke Hu,Hongzhen Liu,Wenqi Song,You Yu
Developing intelligent robots with integrated sensing capabilities is critical for advanced manufacturing, medical robots, and embodied intelligence. Existing robotic sensing technologies are limited to recording of acceleration, driving torque, pressure feedback, and so on. Expanding and integrating with the multimodal sensors to mimic and even surpass the human feeling is substantially underdeveloped. Here, we introduce a printed soft human-machine interface consisting of an e-skin–enabled gesture recognitions with feedback stimulus and a soft robot with multimodal perception of contact pressure, temperature, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity. The sensing e-skin with adaptive machine learning was able to decode and classify the hand gestures with re-wearable convenience and individual’s differences. The soft interface provides the bidirectional communications between robotics and human bodies in the close-loop. This work could substantially extend the robotic intelligence and pave the way for more practical applications.
研究领域:
机器人学
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机器学习
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可穿戴电子
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人机交互
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先进制造
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医疗机器人
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Salah Naji Sufyan,Yusof A. Y. A. Mohammed,Chenglong Mu,Kashan Bashir,Ning Wen,Muhammad Mamoor,Xiuling Jiao,Dairong Chen,Ting Wang
Flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors are crucial for next-generation wearable electronics, yet achieving simultaneous high sensitivity, durability, and mechanical robustness remains a challenge. Herein, we report a high-performance piezoresistive sensor fabricated through the integration of two-dimensional MXene nanosheets with a hierarchically structured modified polyamide 6 nanofiber net (D-PA6 NFN) using scalable vacuum filtration. Benefiting from the synergistic combination of MXene’s excellent electrical properties, web-like architecture, the composite nanofiber tensile strength (52 MPa), and flexibility (40%), the resulting sensor exhibited good sensitivity (0.189 kPa–1), a rapid response/recovery time (14/13 ms), and an ultralow detection limit (4.2 Pa). Moreover, the device maintained stability over 12,000 compression cycles. The sensor precisely captured both subtle physiological signals (pulse waveforms) and large-scale dynamic motions (joint flexion). This work establishes a scalable strategy for engineering durable, high-sensitivity electronic skins, with immediate applications in advanced human-machine interfaces and real-time physiological monitoring.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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传感器
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柔性电子学
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生物医学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Electronic Materials
·
2022
·
IF 4.494
Zhaolong Wang,Haoyong Song,Lei Chen,Wenhao Li,Dongsheng Yang,Ping Cheng,Huigao Duan
Ionic hydrogels are conductive and stretchable, showing great potential for applications in flexible wearable devices. However, poor mechanical and electrical properties, low manufacturing precision, and lack of self-adhesion severely limit their practical applications in hydrogel wearable devices. Herein, we propose a stretchable, highly conductive, and self-adhesive ionic hydrogel fabricated with an LCD light-curing 3D printing technique. 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA), and graphene are incorporated to prepare the printable ion-conductive hydrogel. The results show that this hydrogel exhibits outstanding electrical conductivity (0.0487 S/cm), excellent linear sensitivity (GF = 1.86 within 100% strain), amazing stretchability (1200% strain), and strong adhesion performance with various materials. Furthermore, the HBA–AMPS–graphene (HAG) hydrogel-based flexible wearable devices can monitor various human movements from tiny scale (breathing and speaking) to large scale (such as elbow and knee joint movement). Most significantly, the hydrogel wearable devices can capture the signals of pulse beating and breathing, which are so light that they are hard to be monitored. Our printable ionized hydrogel wearable devices promise applications in motion monitoring, health detection, human–machine interface, and so on.
研究领域:
材料科学
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可穿戴技术
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生物医学工程
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电子学
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DOI
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Zhirui Zhao,Qiao Chen,Shengcai Du
Flexible pressure sensors are integral to the advancement of next-generation wearable electronics, electronic skins, and human–machine interfaces. However, the concurrent realization of lightweight design, mechanical stability, and high sensitivity remains an ongoing challenge. Here, we present a high-performance flexible pressure sensor based on a polyurethane (PU) sponge integrated with Ti₃C₂Tₓ MXene nanosheets, iron nanowires (Fe NWs), and waterborne polyurethane (WPU). The 2D MXene provides superior electrical conductivity, while the 1D Fe NWs interconnect discontinuous regions within the porous structure, forming a robust three-dimensional conductive network. WPU facilitates uniform dispersion and strong interfacial bonding between the conductive fillers and the sponge matrix, thereby enhancing both mechanical integrity and sensing stability. The resulting sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 6.9 kPa⁻¹ , a broad sensing range up to 15 kPa, rapid response and recovery times (97 ms and 66 ms, respectively), and excellent durability over 3000 mechanical cycles. In addition to reliable pressure detection, the device enables dual-functional capabilities, including real-time spatial pressure mapping using a 4 × 4 sensor array, localized Joule heating under mechanical stress, and accurate grip monitoring when integrated into wearable gloves. The sensor is fabricated via a cost-effective, scalable dip-coating method, offering practical advantages for industrial production. This work not only demonstrates a synergistic assembly strategy of 2D/1D nanomaterials within porous elastomeric frameworks but also paves the way for multifunctional, wearable sensing platforms capable of addressing real-world application demands in healthcare, robotics, and human–environment interaction.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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传感器
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柔性电子
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可穿戴技术
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生物医学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2021
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 14.919
Zhao Yan,Zhang Song,Yu Tianhao,Zhang Yan,Ye Guo,Cui Han,He Chengzhi,Jiang Wenchao,Zhai Yu,Lu Chunming,Gu Xiaodan,Liu Nan
Accurate and imperceptible monitoring of electrophysiological signals is of primary importance for wearable healthcare. Stiff and bulky pregelled electrodes are now commonly used in clinical diagnosis, causing severe discomfort to users for long-time using as well as artifact signals in motion. Here, we report a ~100 nm ultra-thin dry epidermal electrode that is able to conformably adhere to skin and accurately measure electrophysiological signals. It showed low sheet resistance (~24 Ω/sq, 4142 S/cm), high transparency, and mechano-electrical stability. The enhanced optoelectronic performance was due to the synergistic effect between graphene and poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), which induced a high degree of molecular ordering on PEDOT and charge transfer on graphene by strong π-π interaction. Together with ultra-thin nature, this dry epidermal electrode is able to accurately monitor electrophysiological signals such as facial skin and brain activity with low-motion artifact, enabling human-machine interfacing and long-time mental/physical health monitoring.
研究领域:
可穿戴技术
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生物医学工程
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电生理学
·
材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 13.273
Wenlong Wu,Yukun Ren,Tianyi Jiang,Likai Hou,Jian Zhou,Hongyuan Jiang
There is increasing interest in the “Internet of Things” (IoT) and the development of wearable intelligent devices with human–machine interfaces (HMIs). Flexible touch panels have received wide attention because they are intuitive HMIs. However, most existing flexible touch panels can only detect a single touch or rely on massive electrodes and complex sensor arrays for multi-touch detection. Herein, a long service life (>5 months), wearable, and Multifunctional HMI (MHMI) with only two electrodes is reported for various applications. An anti-drying, transparent, ion-conducting, and tough organohydrogel with satisfactory stretchability (>450%) and long life is developed as a sensing material. A parallel mutual inspection detection structure based on ion conductors is designed to detect single or multiple touches accurately and sensitively. This structure comprises a pair of organohydrogel strips in a horizontal or spiral form embedded in a flexible substrate to construct one-dimensional (1D) or two-dimensional (2D) MHMIs. The 1D- and 2D-MHMIs can be used as linear controllers and 2D movement controllers, respectively. The multi-touch recognition function endows the MHMIs with greater operability by programmatically implementing multi-device switching and multi-function selection in a versatile and effective manner. Therefore, the devices have great potential for use in the IoT-related applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
可穿戴技术
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人机交互
·
物联网(IoT)
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Yu Zhang,Jiaqi Xu,Mengyao Wei,Liren Wu,Dalong Ge,Feiyang Xu,Jinbo Ming,Yuanbin Qin,Seeram Ramakrishna,Fengyun Wang
Real-time, reliable, and continuous monitoring of tactile signals is essential for the development of future human–machine interfaces. However, the weak tactile signals (such as pulses) and vast monitoring data propose significant challenges for traditional perceptual monitoring systems. Inspired by skin tactile perception, a neuromorphic physiological signal processing system is proposed by integrating indium tin oxide (ITO) nanowire synaptic transistors and biohydrogels. The external tactile information can be converted to electrical signals by a highly sensitive array of hydrogels. These electrical signals are then processed and transmitted through the ITO nanowire synaptic transistors, enabling precise sensing and analysis of complex tactile information. This system demonstrates significant potential for a wide range of applications, including but not limited to Braille recognition, where it can enable precise tactile feedback and interaction for individuals with visual impairments. Furthermore, it offers a versatile platform for the real-time acquisition, monitoring, and processing of physiological signals such as those related to muscle activity, heart rate, or neural responses. This work offers promising potential for next-generation intelligent healthcare monitoring, diagnosing, and treating applications.
研究领域:
神经形态电子学
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可穿戴传感器
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生物医学工程
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人工智能硬件
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柔性电子学
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）