Jiawei Xie,Lei Zhang,Xiangwen Zhang,Peijuan Han,Junjian Xie,Lun Pan,De-Rong Zou,Song-Hua Liu,Ji-Jun Zou
Biofuels synthesized from lignocellulose-derived platform chemicals are very attractive for sustainable development. Here we reported a new and facile route to synthesize multi-substituted cycloalkanes with a high density and low freezing point using isophorone and furanic aldehydes (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural), by solvent-free aldol condensation, followed by hydrodeoxygenation. Catalysts were screened and NaOH showed good performance. The reaction conditions including catalyst dosage, isophorone/furanic aldehyde ratio, temperature and solvent were optimized, and finally the yields of 70.0% for isophorone/furfural and 72.8% for isophorone/5-hydroxymethylfurfural were obtained. Pt/HZSM-5 was prepared as the bifunctional catalyst for hydrodeoxygenation of the condensed product. The resultant multi-substituted cyclohexanes derived from isophorone/furfural and isophorone/5-hydroxymethylfurfural have a density of 0.813 g mL−1 and 0.846 g mL−1 respectively and both have a freezing point lower than −75 °C, and are very promising as stand-alone fuels or additives of other biofuels.
Genkuo Nie,Yiying Dai,Yanan Liu,Junjian Xie,Si Gong,Nisha Afzal,Xiangwen Zhang,Lun Pan,Ji-Jun Zou
Synthesizing high performance jet fuel from biomass provides potential way to convert low-cost biomass to valuable fuels and meets the requirements of sustainable development. Here, we report a one-pot synthesis of high density and low freezing point jet-fuel-ranged blending from bio-derived phenol and cyclopentanol, which is with high yield, simple and low-cost for scale-up. With the co-presence of acid catalyst like Hβ and metal catlayst like Pd/C, the alkylation first happens to produce bi-and tri-cyclic compounds under N 2 atomphere, then in H 2 atmosphere the remained reactant is partly hydrogenated and takes part in alkylation again to produce cyclic compounds, finally hydrodeoxygenation happens to convert all the compounds to cyclic hydrocarbons. A jet-fuel-blending containing bi- and tri-cyclic alkanes is obtained at high molar yield of 83.9% from the starting reactant, which shows high density of 0.89 g/mL, freezing point lower than −75 °C. Especially, the major component, i.e. cyclopentylcyclohexane shows much better low-temperature properties compared with reported hydrocarbons with similar molecular structure. This result provides a simple, low-cost way to synthesize high performance jet fuel from biomass.
Hao Baojiu,Zhou Jinqiu,Yang Hao,Zhu Changhao,Wang Zhenkang,Liu Jie,Yan Chenglin,Qian Tao
The breakthrough in electrolyte technology stands as a pivotal factor driving the battery revolution forward. The colloidal electrolytes, as one of the emerging electrolytes, will arise gushing research interest due to their complex colloidal behaviors and mechanistic actions at different conditions (aqueous/nonaqueous solvents, salt concentrations etc.). Herein, we show “beyond aqueous” colloidal electrolytes with ultralow salt concentration and inherent low freezing points to investigate its underlying mechanistic principles to stabilize cryogenic Zn metal batteries. Impressively, the “seemingly undesired” concentration polarization at the interface would disrupt the coalescence stability of the electrolyte, leading to a mechanically rigid interphase of colloidal particle-rich layer, positively inhibiting side reactions on either side of the electrodes. Importantly, the multi-layered pouch cells with cathode loading of 10 mg cm –2 exhibit undecayed capacity at various temperatures, and a relatively high capacity of 50 mAh g –1 could be well maintained at −80 °C.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）