AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
·
2019
·Vol. 26
·期 3
·646-656
·
IF 2.098
Hameeda Kalhoro,Shengli Tong,Lei Wang,Qingjun Shao
Taurine is a component that tends to be deficient in fish diets that contain higher plant-derivative proteins. Acanthopagrus schlegelii juveniles (IBW − 11.28 g) were fed nine diets containing SPC levels (SPC40, SPC60, SPC80 and SPC100), or supplemented with 5 g/kg of taurine at each replacement level. Our results showed higher WGR and SGR in SPC60 + TAU (WGR; 224.67, SGR; 2.10) followed by SPC40 + TAU (WGR; 221.75, SGR; 2.09). Phosphorus retention efficiency was significantly raised as the SPC increased when compared with the control diet. Taurine addition showed an incline in the nitrogen retention efficiency. An effect was observed within FR between fish and the SPC content. ADCs of dry matter, crude lipid and phosphorous were affected by SPC, while taurine addition affected only crude lipid. A significant effect was seen in ash and phosphorus by the SPC and taurine. TAU supplementation showed an increased T-AOC activity in the SPC80 + TAU (1.90), while malondialdehyde and catalase activity were reduced except in completely replaced fish meal groups. It could be concluded that black sea bream can accept the substitution of FM with 60% of SPC while at the inclusion of dietary TAU (5 g/kg) growth could be improved.
研究领域:
水产养殖
·
营养学
·
海洋生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
Foods
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 21
·3333
·
IF 5.561
Liying Li,Cheng Yang,Jian Zhang,Lianfu Zhang
The objective was to design a feasible drying method to increase the retention rates of phytoene (PT), phytofluene (PTF) and lycopene (LYC) in tomato powder. The method was to compare the effects of vacuum freeze-drying (FD), vacuum drying (VD) and hot-air drying (HAD) technologies on tomato pulp rich in PT, PTF and LYC. When dried by HAD, the retention rates of PT, PTF and LYC decreased significantly (p< 0.05) only when the water content decreased from 30% to 3.5%. When dried by VD, the temperatures had no significant effect on the retention rates, and only alkaline conditions (pH = 9), Fe3+and Al3+could significantly reduce the retention rates (p< 0.05). Therefore, a combined drying process (CDP) was designed: before the water content decreased to 50%, HD (60 °C) technology was used; then, the paste was dried via VD (80 °C, 0.08 MPa) technology till the water content reached 5 ± 2%; loading weight was 40 g (thinkness 5.70 mm) for each batch. Compared with VD alone, the CDP technology improved the retention rates of PT and LYC by 12% and 36%, respectively, while PTF decreased by only 6%.Keywords:phytoene (PT);phytofluene (PTF);lycopene (LYC);drying technology;retention rate
研究领域:
食品科学
·
农业工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY
·
2017
·
IF 0.968
Jian-Xia Shen,Mohammad M. Rana,Guo-Feng Liu,Tie-Jun Ling,Margaret Y. Gruber,Shu Wei
Tea volatiles’ generation and retention over manufacturing processes are crucial for tea quality. In this study, floral volatile adsorption and retention in green tea scented with Jasminum sambac flowers were examined over the scenting process. Out of 34 enhanced volatiles in the scented tea, β-ionone, β-linalool, indole, and methyl anthranilate were the most potent odorants with 5.1–45.2-fold higher odor activity values than the corresponding controls in the nonscented tea. Scenting efficiencies for the floral volatiles retained in the scented tea (the percentage of volatile abundance over its corresponding amount in jasmine flowers) ranged from 0.22% for α-farnesene to 75.5% for β-myrcene. Moreover, due to additional rounds of heat treatment for scented green tea manufacturing, some volatiles such as carotenoid-derived geraniol and β-ionone and lipid-derived ()-jasmone were heat-enhanced and others such as nonanal were heat-desorbed in the scented green tea. Our study revealed that dynamic volatile absorption and desorption collectively determined tea volatile retention and tea aroma. Our findings may have a great potential for practical improvement of tea aroma.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2022
·
IF 6.47
Ming Zhao,Jun Sun,Muhammad Asif Akhtar,Shu Zhang,Juntao Wei,Deliang Xu,Xun Hu,Mortaza Gholizadeh,Hong Zhang
Waste wood-based panels (WBPs) with high nitrogen content is a typical kind of industrial biomass waste, and a large amount of NO x will be generated during its incineration treatment. Therefore, this work is aimed at studying the retention and conversion characteristics of nitrogen in gasification char of WBPs. For fixing more nitrogen in char, co-gasification experiments of fiberboard (FB, the main kind of WBPs) and glucose were carried out using a fixed bed reactor , and the subsequent analysis was conducted by element analyzer, XPS , SEM and BET. The results show that the addition of glucose could efficiently fix nitrogen in gasification char , the nitrogen retention ratios of FB-glucose char under N 2 and CO 2 atmosphere were 2.6–5.6 times and 1.4–2.0 times greater than that of individual FB char, respectively, due to the enhanced Maillard reaction. As the temperature increased, the portions of N-5 and N-6 decreased along with the formation of N-Q and N–O. Moreover, the addition of glucose led to the delay of the conversion from N-5 and N-6 to N-Q and N–O in char. BET results demonstrate that the surface area and total pore volume of co-gasified char were significantly lower than those of individual FB gasified char. The glucose had a negative effect on the pore structure development of co-gasified char. These results could offer strategies on reducing NO x emission in biomass thermal conversion and regulating nitrogen functional groups in biochar.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
生物质转化
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 4
·746
·
IF 3.426
Yu Huang,Xiaogang Xue,Kaiqiao Fu
In this paper, a microparticle system consisting of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) and anionic spherical polyelectrolyte brushes (ASPB) is proposed to improve the retention of pulp suspension containing bleached reed kraft pulp and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). We first describe the preparation of ASPB. The ASPB, consisting of a carbon sphere (CS) core and a shell of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSSNa) brushes, was synthesized by surface-initiated polymerization. The structure and morphology of ASPB were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Then, flocculation and retention of pulp suspension by a CPAM/ASPB dual-component system were examined. Our results indicate that more highly effective flocculation and higher retention efficiency could be achieved simultaneously by a CPAM/ASPB dual-component system when compared to the conventional microparticle system. Bridging flocculation and electrostatic attraction might be the main flocculation mechanism for CPAM/ASPB systems.Keywords:anionic spherical polyelectrolyte brushes;flocculation;retention;mechanism
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Jinchuan Wang,Li Zhang,Jinping Weng,Juntao Wei,Deliang Xu,Bin Li,Shu Zhang,Mortaza Gholizadeh,Electo Silva Lora,Hong Zhang
The retention and transformation of nitrogen in hydrochars prepared from co-hydrothermal carbonization (Co-HTC) of fiberboard (FB) and glucose were mainly investigated in this study. This study showed that more than 90 wt% nitrogen has transferred into aqueous solution at 180–220 °C during the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of FB. When the HTC temperatures were higher than 220 °C, some dissolved nitrogen recombined into hydrochars due to the enhancement of nitrogen fixation reactions (Maillard reactions). The addition of glucose could significantly increase nitrogen retention rate in hydrochars, which was due to abundant oxygen-containing intermediates (5-HMF, furfural, etc.) formed in aqueous phase by the hydrothermal decomposition of glucose. Besides, the hydrochars with more microspheres formed on the surface could apparently enhance nitrogen fixation due to the increased contacting area. In Co-HTC, the temperature range of 220–280 °C favored the nitrogen retention in hydrochars. Additionally, nitrogen retention rate increased significantly with increasing residence time and mixture ratio of glucose in a certain extent. While the heterocyclic-N was the main nitrogen functional group in hydrochars and it transformed from pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N to quaternary-N with higher HTC temperatures and longer residence times, additionally, some amine-N was clearly formed when the nitrogen returned from the aqueous phase into hydrochars.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
·
2022
·
IF 9.93
Linan Gu,Tiejun Liu,Kai Wu,Zhenghong Yang,Zhaoyin Wen,Zhenlei Zhang,Haoxin Li
It is still uncertain whether temperature exerts some influence on the water retention (WR) and bleeding of cement-based materials with viscosity-enhancing admixtures (VEAs). Thus, WR and bleeding of cement-based materials with selected VEAs, such as sodium polyacrylate (PANA), hydroxyethoxy methoxy cellulose (HEMC) and hydroxypropoxy methoxy cellulose (HPMC), were evaluated at 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C, and experiments on the apparent viscosity , total organic carbon (TOC) content, hydrodynamic radius and thermogravimetry were carried out to explore the responsible mechanisms. The results show that VEAs enhance WR and reduce bleeding at room temperature to varying degrees. However, this improvement at higher temperature does not occur as at room temperature (20 °C). The decreased improvements in WR and bleeding at higher temperature are associated with the lowered apparent viscosity , TOC content, hydrodynamic radius and the increased cement hydration . Below 40 °C, the apparent viscosity, adsorption and hydrodynamic radius dominate the bleeding behaviour of mortars with HPMC and HEMC. However, accelerated cement hydration is mainly responsible for the behaviour when the temperature exceeds 40 °C.
研究领域:
土木工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2016
·
IF 5.31
Hao Wu,Xiaojun Niu,Jia Yang,Caihong Wang,Meiqing Lu
The retention efficiencies of bisphenol A (BPA) and norfloxacin (NOR) by three different ultrafiltration (UF) membranes prepared in laboratory were investigated, together with the influencing factors such as initial concentration, ionic strength, pH, membrane fouling and trans-membrane pressure (TMP). The results show that the effects of initial concentration and ionic strength on retentions is minor for both BPA and NOR. BPA retentions substantially decreased as pH value approached to its p K a value, and for NOR they first increased and decreased afterwards with pH change. The retentions are all improved after HA fouling because of the HA block in the membrane pores and the developed cake layer, and it can be concluded that between pollutants and HA there exists not only adsorption with each other but also competitive adsorption for sites on membranes. The retentions of both BPA and NOR decrease with increasing pressure. Generally, the effects of these factors on BPA and NOR retention are different and the retentions of the three UF membranes for NOR always remain at a low level, which needs further investigation.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Xinyu Qian,Yuqian Guo,Yumeng Zhao,Leilei Hou,Yun Cheng,Linghua Chen,Shuo Yang,Hongjie Zhang
The swelling performance of the biological macromolecules of cellulose in aqueous N -methyl-morpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) solution is a critical factor in improving cellulose dissolution efficiency during lyocell process. We focused on the diffusion behavior of NMMO solvent during cellulose swelling and dissolution process using a novel centrifugation method, clarifying the relationship between NMMO retention value, fiber structural properties, and dissolution efficiency. An effective quantitative index for evaluating the swelling performances of cellulose is NMMO-retention, which was defined by investigating the removal of aqueous NMMO solution from swollen cellulose fibers using centrifugal method. Based on the variation of NMMO-retention and centrifugal force at 500 and 3000 g , the removal process was divided into three stages: rapid removal stage (0–500 g), slow removal stage (500–3000 g), and residual removal stage (3000–5000 g). In addition, the relationship between fiber structural properties (fiber length, width, fine content, and specific surface area) and swelling-dissolution performance was established. The results indicate that the NMMO-retention of cellulose is a comprehensive reflection of the fiber structural characteristics, and it shows an obvious negative correlation with the dissolution time of cellulose. The cellulose that shows the highest NMMO-retention (729.5 %) after swelling has the shortest dissolution time (20 min) during subsequent dissolution.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2014
·
IF 3.511
Qing Wang,Jing Li,Xin Yang,Li Xu,Zhi-guo Shi,Lan-Ying Xu
In the current study, zirconia (ZrO 2 ) and its composite, magnesia–zirconia (MgO–ZrO 2 ), were prepared as the hydrophilic interaction chromatographic (HILIC) stationary phases (SPs). Different experimental variables including water content, pH and buffer concentration in the mobile phase (MP) as well as column temperature were systematically studied to permit an in-depth understanding of the chromatographic properties of the mentioned SPs and to explore the retention mechanism further on. The results were compared with a native SiO 2 column. Adsorption was demonstrated as the main retention mechanism on the two ZrO 2 -based SPs. The transferring of the analytes from the MP to the ZrO 2 -based SPs was endothermic and high column temperature would facilitate the retention. In addition, the MgO–ZrO 2 SP exhibited superior resolution, column efficiency as well as stronger retention in comparison to the bare ZrO 2 SP, which demonstrated that the introduction of MgO could improve the structure and properties of the material. In conclusion, MgO–ZrO 2 was a promising material for HILIC applications.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.1
Shuyu Zhang,Yu Luo,Di Yu,Xianfeng Guan,Wanzhen Wu,Cuicui Li,Guangpeng Ma,Xinpu Zhou,Shuang Wang
Phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) is an ideal choice of membrane materials for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) as efficient clean energy devices. PA-doped PBI (PBI/PA) membranes exhibit favorable proton conductivity. However, extended usage results in the leaching of PA and the deterioration of mechanical qualities. Here, we prepared composite membranes of quaternised linear polymeric ionic liquid (PIL)/PBI containing side chains of quaternary ammonium (QA) and siloxane groups through a series of treatments. This design improves both proton conductivity and PA retention through the QA group, the conserved NH site and the high attraction of PIL to PA. Meanwhile, the introduced siloxane cross-linked structure ensures the mechanical properties and chemical stability of the membranes. Among them, QMPBI-P-O 10 -T 90 (P: PIL, O: TOPEA, T: TEA) membrane achieves a proton conductivity of 135.5 mS cm −1 at 180 °C and a PA retention of 85.3 % at 160 °C/0 % RH. In addition, at 160 °C without humidity, the peak power density of QMPBI-P-O 10 -T 90 membrane can reach 523.2 mW cm −2 . This synthesis strategy offers a promising new approach to fabricate polymeric ionic liquid-based crosslinked membranes for various applications.
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
燃料电池
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2024
·
IF 6.1
Zitong An,Enguang Lin,Zhiguang Wu,Yongming Kang
Recent advances in synthetic micro/nanomotors in numerous biofluids have garnered widespread hobby because of their capability biomedical programs. However, present micro/nanomotor systems for shipping inside the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are inefficient in propulsion. Here, we present a micromotor-tableted tablet that achieves lively retention in the GI tract in vivo. The drug-loaded magnesium-based totally absolutely Janus micromotors, enveloped in an enteric polymer-protected magnetic tablet, stay sturdy within the stomach. The movement of the micromotor tablets (MPs) is facilitated by means of the use of an outside low-frequency gradient magnetic difficulty, directing them to focused regions inside the intestines. A excessive-frequency alternating magnetic concern induces water-powered propulsion of the micromotors via the magnetocaloric effect, attaining lively retention in GI tissue. The integration of this newly evolved MP tool lets in energetic retention of micromotors in vivo, promising more suitable drug transport for GI treatment.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
药剂学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）