Measuring the localized transient heat generation is critical for developing applications of nanomaterials in areas of photothermal therapy (PTT), drug delivery, optomechanics and biological processes engineering. However, accurate thermometry with high spatiotemporal resolution is still a challenge. Here we develop a thermosensitive polymer-capped gold nanorod (AuNRs@pNIPAAm), which has temperature-dependent local surface plasmon resonance spectra due to the submolecular conformational change of pNIPAAm molecules. We measure the conformational dynamics on individual gold nanorods at the milliseconds level by the developed spatiotemporal resolution plasmonic spectroscopy (SRPS) and find that it has a fast (<4 ms), linear and reversible mechanoresponse to temperature changes as small as 80 mK. The rapid and highly sensitive thermosensitive AuNRs@pNIPAAm opens a new way to achieve spatiotemporal thermometry for potential applications in PTT and other biological research.
This study develops flexible PAN-Eu/PVP/TPPO(PAN-EPT) fluorescent nanofiber membranes through a dual-ligand electrospinning strategy (PVP/TPPO), addressing long-standing challenges in rare-earth polymer systems: self-aggregation of rare-earth complexes (leading to luminescence quenching) and poor compatibility between complexes and polymer matrices. The optimized membranes exhibit UV-activated red emission at 618 nm with 45% higher color purity than conventional Eu 3+ complexes, enabled by suppressed aggregation (XPS-confirmed Eu-O coordination) and enhanced energy transfer. Simultaneous mechanical robustness (12 MPa strength, 32% elongation) stems from PAN-EPT hydrogen bonding (FTIR-verified). Demonstrating meter-scale production capability (>90% yield) and humidity-resistant fluorescence, these membranes enable three advanced applications:Tamper-evident security tags with ISO-certified chromatic stability, Wearable UV sensors (3-s response time), Flexible optical waveguides. This strategy establishes a universal framework for manufacturing mechanically durable luminescent materials.
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) can enhance the mechanical and light absorption properties of the liquid crystal elastomer (LCE). Different from other ring-shaped LCE works, we proposed a ring-shaped structure using LCE-CNT composite materials that can achieve nontethered rolling with the assistance of its own gravity controlled by light. We demonstrate that the LCE-CNT composite material can lift nearly 200 times its own weight induced by light, and a cantilever beam made from it exhibits remarkable deformations to overcome gravity. Subject to light radiation, the LCE-CNT ring effectively converts light energy into mechanical energy, enabling nontethered rolling on flat surfaces, titled surfaces, and over small obstacles. Moreover, using the finite element method, we analyze the rolling mechanism of the ring induced by light and investigate the effects of light angle on the inhomogeneous deformation of the ring, the shift of the gravity center, and the generated rolling moment. The results and methods in this paper can help to give a reference for the design and analysis of intelligent soft machines.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）