Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with various amounts of the organic-dye 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran (DCJTB) for luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) applications have been studied. The maximum wavelength of the emission peaks increases from 555 to 561 nm as the doped amount of organic-dye DCJTB increases from 2.08 (sample L3) to 8.33 mg (sample L5), which reveals a slight red-shift effect. The difference between the maximum wavelengths of the absorption and emission spectra ( λ s ) decreases from 58 to 47 nm as the doped amount of organic-dye DCJTB increases from 2.08 to 8.33 mg, which shows the Stokes shift. The short circuit photocurrent ( I sc ) increases from 11.68 to 14.11 mA/cm 2 as the doped amount of organic-dye DCJTB increases from 0 (undoped, sample L0) to 8.33 mg. The optical efficiency ( η opt ) also increases from 41.67% to 60.00% as the doped amount of organic-dye DCJTB increases. The maximum value of the incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) was about 9.0% at 526 nm when doped with 8.33 mg of organic-dye DCJTB (sample L5). The results of the present paper show through a well-conducted study on the optical properties of PMMA doped with organic-dye DCJTB that it can be suitable for LSC applications.
Photovoltaic (PV) modules are not only an opto-electrical system, but also opto-thermal one, where the optical, electrical, and thermodynamic domains are strongly coupled. The means to suppress both light and heat losses in PV modules remains undeveloped. Herein, a universal route to realize both radiative cooling and light management via the ultra-broadband versatile textures is proposed, originating from the interaction with the visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared electromagnetic waves (EMWs) via geometric, diffractive, and subwavelength optical effects. The sol–gel imprinted ultra-broadband textures exhibited a near-unity infrared emissivity over 0.96 at the atmospheric window between 8 to 13 μm for radiative cooling, and a solar transmittance and haze above 0.94 and 0.95 at the wavelengths from 350 to 750 nm, respectively, for light management. Applying the ultra-broadband textures imprinted glass to silicon PV modules as an encapsulant cover, the short-circuit current and conversion efficiency were increased by 5.12 and 3.13% in relative terms, respectively. The fabrication of such ultra-broadband versatile textures was photolithography-free, scalable, and PV industry compatible, which provided a cost-effective, long-term durable, and energy-efficient means to both light and thermal management through ultra-broadband matter-EMW interaction not only in PV modules, but also various opto-electro-thermal devices.
Yi Zhang,Zida Zheng,Xiudong Cao,Jie Song,Zhixing Gan,Rui Huang,Xiaowei Zhang
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) are waveguiding devices that collect solar light to supplement photovoltaic devices. Scattering in waveguides is critical to the LSC performance, but it is challenging to quantify its contribution, severely hindering the development of LSCs. In this work, we developed an analytical approach to quantify the Mie scattering coefficient (αs) and anisotropy factor (g) in LSCs. By using the αs and g, we conduct theoretical calculation and Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulation to estimate the optical properties and optical efficiency of LSCs based on Gd1.5Y1.5Al5O12:Ce3+ phosphors. In all cases, both the calculated and simulated results agree well with the experimental observations, evidencing the feasibility of this approach. According to our model, scattering in the waveguide improves LSC performance by rerouting incident photons propagation to the edges but degrades LSC performance by redirecting radiated photons into the escape cone. We demonstrate that the enhancement of scattering increases both the scattering gain and loss as well as improves the absorption of LSCs. Finally, an external quantum efficiency (ηext) of 4.2% for a 20 × 20 cm2 LSC is achieved by optimizing the scattering. This work provides quantitative guidelines for estimating the scattering in LSCs, which will guide future research on LSC designs.
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