Sheng Qiu,Yanan Zhao,Kai Wang,Jinbin Luo,Rui Wang,Xinwei Jiang,Jingwei Chen,Abdulhakem Y. Elezzabi,Wu Zhang,Hao Jia,Haizeng Li
Zn anode-based electrochromic devices (ZECDs) stand out as a highly promising technology in the upcoming era of multifunctional electronic devices, offering a blend of electrochromic capabilities and energy storage functions within a single transparent platform. However, significant challenges persist in achieving efficient patterning, ensuring long-term stability, and fast color-switching kinetics for these devices. In this study, heterogeneous tungsten oxide nanowires (W 17 O 47 /Na 0.1 WO 3 , WNOs) are formulated into inkjet printing ink to assemble patternable ZECDs. The heterogeneous electrode structure of WNO enables a highly capacitive-controlled mechanism that promotes fast electrochromic/electrochemical behavior. Notably, by utilizing a three-dimensional MXene mesh modified substrate, the inkjet-printed ZECDs exhibit a wide optical modulation range of 69.13%, rapid color-changing kinetics ( t c = 4.1 s, t b = 5.4 s), and highly reversible capacities of 70 mAh cm −2 over 1000 cycles. This scalable strategy develops the patterned electrodes with a wide optical modulation range and substantial energy storage properties, offering promising prospects for their application in next-generation smart electronics.
Xin Zhang,Yongzhe Zhang,Bowen Zhao,Shujuan Lu,Hao Wang,Jingbing Liu,Hui Yan
Among the explored materials for electrochromic devices (ECDs), nickel oxide thin films have been widely applied as an optical anodic layer due to its ability to adjust the optical properties by ion exchange. Generally, to realize the three important characters including color contrast, switch speed and cycling durability, it requires the electrochromic layer to possess different microstructures or crystalline properties. Thus there is still difficulty in designing a suitable structure for NiO film to have excellent electrochromic performance. Here, a nanocrystalline modified nanocomb novel NiO structure is prepared by a simple chemical process. This novel microstructure shows highly multiple channels, high surface areas and good crystallinity. All of these characters produce a good electrochromic performance including fast switch speed (around 2 s), high color contrast (69.4%) and in company with good cycling durability (more than 1000 cycles). This simple chemical process demonstrated here could be suitable for the large scale production of future electrochromic device applications.
The electrochromic (EC) mechanisms of inorganic materials are usually based on reversible cation insertion/extraction or metal deposition/dissolution, which are plagued by ion trapping and dendrite growth, respectively. In this paper, a novel conversion-type electrochromic mechanism is proposed, by making good use of the CuI/Cu redox couple. This CuI-based electrochromic system shows a neutral color switching from transparent and dim grey. By simply increasing the bleaching voltage, \({{\rm{I}}_3}^ - /{{\rm{I}}^ - }\) redox couple can be further activated. The generated \({{\rm{I}}_3}^ - \) will readily react with Cu, effectively improving the conversion reversibility and thereby rejuvenating the degraded electrochromic performance. Thanks to the well-designed electrode and the self-healing ability, this conversion electrochromic system achieves rapid response times ( t coloring : 23 s, t bleaching : 6 s), decant optical modulation amplitude (26.4%), high coloration efficiency (86.15 cm 2 ·C −1 ), admirable cyclic durability (without performance degradation after 480 cycles) and excellent optical memory ability (transmittance variation < 1% after 10 h open-circuit storage). The establishment of this conversion-type electrochromism may inspire the exploration of novel electrochromic materials and devices.
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