Shining Niu,Qian Chen,Lulu Yu,Xiao Wang,Haipeng Yu,Mei Wen,Zhigang Chen,Nuo Yu,Kun Li
Natural bacteria and bacterial bionics offer significant advantages in the synergistic approach to cancer treatments, while the development of such platforms remains challenging. Herein, bacterial membrane-coated chlorin e6-conjugated bacteriform manganese dioxide platform (BCBM) has been developed for amplifying phototherapeutic efficacy of tumors. The BCBM platform has been prepared by the in-situ growth of manganese dioxide on the surface of silica nanorods and subsequent etching process, photosensitizer conjugation, and bacterial membrane encapsulation. The manganese dioxide and bacterial membrane endow the BCBM with bacteria-like characteristics, enabling a specific response to the tumor microenvironment (TME). The manganese dioxide can react with hydrogen peroxide to produce large amounts of oxygen and manganese ions under acidic conditions. Upon near-infrared irradiation, the BCBM exhibits an excellent ability to generate reactive oxygen species because of sufficient oxygen supply. Furthermore, the released manganese ions activate cGAS-STING pathway, leading to the efficient apoptosis of cancer cells. The process of apoptosis is accompanied by the release of tumor-associated signaling molecules, which enhances therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, this work offers insights into designing biomimetic multifunctional nanoagents against cancers.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a non-fatal disease prevalent worldwide. However, mixed efficacy has been observed among different therapies for hair regrowth in AGA patients. Thus, a nano-platform with synergistic treatments based on a hybrid extracellular vesicle encapsulating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and finasteride (Hybrid/Au@Fi) was constructed through membrane fusion between hair follicle stem cell (HFSC)-derived extracellular vesicles and liposomes. These hybrid vesicles (HVs) not only fuel hair regrowth by providing cellular signals in extracellular vesicles, but also improve storage stability, follicle retention, and drug encapsulation efficiency (EE%) for finasteride inhibiting 5α-reductase, and nano-size AuNPs that simulate low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with similar photothermal effects in vitro. The EE% of finasteride in these HVs reached 45.33%. The dual administration of these extracellular vesicles and finasteride showed a strong synergistic effect on HFSCs in vitro. In an AGA mouse model, once-daily topical Hybrid/Au@Fi (115.07 ± 0.32 nm, −7.50 ± 1.68 mV) gel led to a faster transition of hair follicles (HFs) from the catagen to the anagen, increased hair regrowth coverage, and higher quality of regrowth hair, compared to once-daily 5% minoxidil treatment. Compared to topical minoxidil, the multifaceted synergistic therapy of Hybrid/Au@Fi through topical administration offers a new option for intractable AGA patients with low side effects.
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