Yuting Tian,Weining Liu,Jun Hu,Zhiwei Li,Xiaoying Xin,Guodong Fu
The persistent global high-temperature weather warns us that improving energy efficiency and reducing CO 2 emissions are urgent. Controlling the solar energy input in buildings using photochromic smart coating can effectively reduce the energy consumption required for cooling. However, it remains a challenge to achieve high transparency and fast photoresponse in organic–inorganic hybrid photochromic smart coating. Herein, we utilize space-limited domains to design a template polymer that facilitates the formation of amorphous WO 3 nanodots, thereby enhancing the polymer network structure through hydrogen bonding and dipole–dipole interactions, which endow the smart coating with excellent adhesion strength up to 13 MPa. Notably, the photochromic smart coating with amorphous WO 3 nanodots exhibits higher transparency (96.8 %) than conventional glass (91 %), and a wide visible light modulation range of 96.8 %-4.8 %. Based on this, the cooling efficacy of the smart photochromic coating was assessed within a model residence under actual environmental conditions. The inner temperature of the model house was reduced by up to 13 °C, which decreased indoor heat absorption by 25.8 %, significantly improving energy efficiency. This work provides an important and attractive strategy for achieving energy-efficient building materials and addressing global climate warming.
Weining Liu,Yuting Tian,Wanxiong Yong,Tuodong Xiong,Guodong Fu
Organic–inorganic composite photochromic coatings receive significant attention in energy utilization and conservation due to their easy application and rapid photoresponse. However, their high sensitivity to moisture limits practical applications. This study fabricates organic–inorganic composite functional coatings using a simple one-pot method, producing materials with excellent photoresponsive, water resistance, and thermal insulation. Unmodified phosphotungstic acid serves as the inorganic photochromic filler, while methacrylate derivatives act as the polymer matrix, resulting in coatings with high initial transparency (over 85%). After 5 min of UV exposure, the samples shift to nearly non-transmittable states in the visible range and maintain color depth through 14 coloring-erasing cycles. Unlike polyvinylpyrrolidone substrates, which absorb moisture and soften quickly, this coating has a static water contact angle of up to 91.7°, showing excellent water resistance. Additionally, the composite material provides effective heat insulation in simulated chamber experiments, lowering the temperature by 15 °C compared to untreated chambers. In summary, this composite coating, with its excellent thermal insulation, rapid light responsiveness, stable cycling performance, and outstanding waterproof capabilities, proves highly suitable for applications such as smart windows, information storage, and building energy efficiency.
To resolve the problem of inhomogeneous color depth during photochromism, the photochromic coating on the surface of a pre-molded lens as well as the photocuring process are proposed. The host polyurethane acryl (PUA) material with adjustable flexibility was constructed from isophorone diisocyanate trimer (t-IPDI ). The polycarbonatediol ( PCDL ) was used for chain extension and the hydroxyethyl methylacrylate ( HEMA ) was introduced to the lateral chain for the subsequent photo-crosslinking. Multiple experimental conditions were optimized, which included selection of the photoinitiator ( PI ), operating spectral window for photocuring and the equivalent ratio of HEMA to NCO group. The spectrokinetics behavior of photochromic coating was investigated by monitoring relative grayscales (Gy*) with irradiation and fading time. The glass-transition temperature ( T g ) was measured by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as well. An attempt of application of this photochromic coating on the surface of a commercial lens blank was made tentatively.
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