A novel shape memory hydrogel with photo-adaptable permanent shape has been developed on the basis of alginate–Ca2+ coordination and the host–guest interaction between α-cyclodextrin and azobenzene. The reversible nature of alginate–Ca2+ confers the hydrogel with functions such as shape memory and shape recovery, and the light-responsive transition of azobenzene could be applied to generate a new permanent shape by tuning the host–guest complexation via UV light.
Organic photoelectric neuromorphic devices that mimic the brain are widely explored for advanced perceptual computing. However, current individual neuromorphic synaptic devices mainly focus on utilizing linear models to process optoelectronic signals, which means that there is a lack of effective response to nonlinear structural information from the real world, severely limiting the computational efficiency and adaptability of networks to static and dynamic information. Here, a feedforward photoadaptive organic neuromorphic transistor with mixed-weight plasticity is reported. By introducing the potential of the space charge to couple gate potential, photoexcitation, and photoinhibition occur successively in the channel under the interference of constant light intensity, which enables the device to transform from a linear model to a nonlinear model. As a result, the device exhibits a dynamic range of over 100 dB, exceeding the currently reported similar neuromorphic synaptic devices. Further, the device achieves adaptive tone mapping within 5 s for static information and achieves over 90% robustness recognition accuracy for dynamic information. Therefore, this work provides a new strategy for developing advanced neuromorphic devices and has great potential in the fields of intelligent driving and brain-like computing.
Summary Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) derived from lipid peroxides can act as critical damage or signaling mediators downstream of reactive oxygen species by modifying target proteins. However, their biological effects and underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown in plants. Here, we have uncovered the mechanism by which the RCS 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal (HNE) participates in photosystem II (PSII) repair cycle of chloroplasts, a crucial process for maintaining PSII activity under high and changing light conditions. High Light Sensitive 1 (HLT1) is a potential NADPH-dependent reductase in chloroplasts. Deficiency of HLT1 had no impact on the growth of Arabidopsis plants under normal light conditions but increased sensitivity to high light, which resulted from a defective PSII repair cycle. In hlt1 plants, the accumulation of HNE-modified D1 subunit of PSII was observed, which did not affect D1 degradation but hampered the dimerization of repaired PSII monomers and reassembly of PSII supercomplexes on grana stacks. HLT1 is conserved in all photosynthetic organisms and has functions in overall growth and plant fitness in both Arabidopsis and rice under naturally challenging field conditions. Our work provides the mechanistic basis underlying RCS scavenging in light acclimation and suggests a potential strategy to improve plant productivity by manipulating RCS signaling in chloroplasts.
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