JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
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2025
·
IF 4.6
Yu-ying Zhao,Rui Wei,Wei Wang,Yi-qing Yao,Ya-dan Zou,Min Zhang,Dian-xin Cui,Qi-long Wang,Xue Li,Jun-hua Zhang,Wen-zhi Yang
Discrimination among the Dang-Shen varieties (including Codonopsis pilosula , Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta , and Codonopsis tangshen ), consumed daily as the healthy diet, is rather challenging. This work, targeting differentiation among three Codonopsis species, was designed to comprehensively characterize and compare the polysaccharides by three-level fingerprinting and small-molecule metabolites by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomics. Polysaccharides from the roots of three Codonopsis species showed indistinctive differentiation in the distribution of molecular weight, and similar oligosaccharide profiles resolving 2–25 polymerization degrees of oligosaccharides. Seven common monosaccharides were detected for three species, in which Glc, GalA, and Gal/Ara were the potential sugar markers. In addition, the small-molecule metabolites in 50 batches of three Codonopsis species exhibited significant differentiations, and separately three, nine, and 11 potential markers were discovered and utilized as key identification points, respectively. Conclusively, holistic comparison from the polysaccharides and small-molecule metabolites together offers new evidence for better quality control of Codonopsis .
研究领域:
植物学
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植物化学
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分析化学
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代谢组学
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生药学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
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2020
·
IF 3.209
Fei Xu,Ming Kong,Jin-Di Xu,Jun Xu,Yan Jiang,Song-Lin Li
Sulfur fumigation and heating desulfurization are used together in the post-harvest processing of many medicinal herbs. However, little is known about the effects of sulfur fumigation on saccharide components, nor about the effects of heating desulfurization on all herbal constituents. In this study, metabolomics and glycomics were integrated to investigate the effects of these two processes on the chemistry of Codonopsis Radix (CR) as a pilot study. The results showed that both sulfur fumigation and heating desulfurization significantly changed the non-saccharide small-molecule metabolome and the glycome of CR in different ways. Chemical mechanisms, such as esterification, glycosidic hydrolysis, esterolysis, amide bond hydrolysis, oxidation and dehydration, are proposed to be involved. These facts strongly inspire that, in addition to investigations of how sulfur fumigation impacts non-saccharide small-molecule metabolites, researches on heating desulfurization and saccharides should be conducted so as to enable accurate, comprehensive evaluation of the quality of sulfur-fumigated herbs.
研究领域:
中药学
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分析化学
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植物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
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2025
·
IF 4
Chenguang Zhou,Peng Xiao,Huiling Huang,Jiangqi Huang,Jinyuan Sun,Siyao Liu
A novel Sin-QuEChERS cleanup method was developed for multi-pesticide residue analysis in Codonopsis radix by introducing a compressible composite adsorbent—isoreticular metal-organic framework-3 (IRMOF-3)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-functionalized melamine sponge (MOF/MT@MeS). This innovative material enables one-step matrix cleanup through immersion and physical squeezing, eliminating the need for centrifugation and multiple sorbents required in conventional QuEChERS method. The covalent integration of amino-functionalized IRMOF-3 and MWCNTs exploits synergistic hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions for efficient purification. The composite significantly suppressed matrix effects (–12.7 to 17.4% vs –30.9 to 32.8%). Compared to traditional adsorbent materials, the composite yielded more consistent pesticide recoveries (90.4–117.9% vs 83.7–123.4%). The validated method exhibited excellent linearity (R², 0.9934–0.9991), high sensitivity (detection limits 0.54–8.33 μg/kg), and satisfactory accuracy with recoveries of 72.4–111.9% and RSD ≤14.1%. This work establishes functionalized sponge-based adsorbents as an efficient, rapid, and reliable alternative for pesticide monitoring in complex botanical matrices.
研究领域:
分析化学
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药物代谢
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食品安全
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中药质量控制
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环境污染物检测
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
·
IF 8.5
Xingfang Xie,Yao Gu,Yi Liu,Mingyue Shen,Jiaojiao Ji,Jianping Gao,Jiankuan Li
In the present study, an inulin-type fructan (ITF) with the degree polymerization (DP) of 21 was isolated from Codonopsis pilosula roots and its structure was characterized by FT-IR, MALDI-TOF-MS and NMR. The immunomodulatory and intestinal protective effects of ITF were investigated on immunosuppressive mice. Male BALB/c mice were pretreated with cyclophosphamide (Cy) for 3 days to establish an immunosuppressive model followed by ITF treatment. The results demonstrated that compared with the model group, ITF administration significantly increased immune organ index ( P <0.05), alleviated intestinal villus damage, stimulated serum cytokine secretion including Ig G, IL-4, IL-6, IL-2, TNF-α, and INF-γ ( P <0.05), upregulated the expression of Occludin and Claudin-1 ( P <0.05), and increased CD4 + and CD8 + T cells of ileum in Cy-induced mice ( P <0.05). Furthermore, ITF restored the intestinal microbiota dysbiosis caused by Cy by increasing the abundance of Muribaculaceae , Blautia , Odoribacter , Lactobacillus and decreasing the abundance of Lachnospiraceae _ NK4A136 _ group ( P <0.05). Meanwhile, ITF increased the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) including acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid ( P <0.05). These results indicated that ITF can ameliorate cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression and intestinal barrier injury, and restore gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study provided important evidences for the immunomodulatory and intestinal protective effects of the ITF from C. pilosula .
研究领域:
免疫学
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药理学
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微生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2016
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IF 3.138
Ke Ming,Yun Chen,Fangke Yao,Jintong Shi,Jingjing Yang,Hongxu Du,Xunyi Wang,Yixuan Wang,Jiaguo Liu
To screen effective anti-duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV) drugs, we applied STMP-STPP method to prepare phosphorylated Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (pCPPS), the phosphorylation-modified product of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide (CPPS). The IR spectrum and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) were subsequently used to analyze the structure of pCPPS. Several tests were conducted to compare the anti-DHAV activities of CPPS and pCPPS. The MTT method was used to compare the effect of the drugs on DHAV-infected duck embryonic hepatocytes (DEHs), and the Reed-Muench assay was employed to observe changes in the virulence of DHAV. We also applied real-time PCR to examine the relationship between virus replication and the expression of IFN-β. The results indicated that CPPS could not inhibit the replication of DHAV. In contrast, pCPPS increased the virus TCID 50 , inhibited viral replication and, accordingly, increased the survival rate of DEHs infected with DHAV. Because DHAV induced the expression of IFN-β, and the IFN-β expression level was positively associated with the number of DHAV, the reduction of IFN-β expression levels after pCPPS treatment demonstrated a decrease in the number of virus particles. These results indicated that pCPPS, which reduces the number of DHAV, was more effective than CPPS in anti-DHAV activity.
研究领域:
病毒学
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药理学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
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2019
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IF 6.395
Jingjing Pan,Jingyuan Shao,Haibin Qu,Xingchu Gong
Ethanol precipitation serves an important separation technology used for the manufacturing of more than 200 traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). In the present study, a membrane dispersion micromixer was employed for the ethanol precipitation of Codonopsis Radix concentrates to reduce the coating loss of active components. As membrane pore size decreased, mixing chamber width decreased, or mixing chamber depth decreased, lobetyolin recovery increased and dry matter removal decreased. Higher dry matter contents of concentrates (DM C ) or lower flow rates of two phases could lead to reduced lobetyolin recovery and increased dry matter removal. The mass ratio of ethanol solution to concentrate (ECR, g/g) showed little effect on lobetyolin recovery. Higher dry matter removal was obtained when ECR was higher. Higher continuous phase Reynolds number ( Re c ) or dispersed phase Reynolds number ( Re d ) resulted in higher lobetyolin recovery and lower dry matter removal. Lobetyolin recovery could be higher than 95% when using micromixing technology, which was about 10% higher than that of stirring. Membrane dispersion technology is promising to reduce the coating loss of active compounds in TCM ethanol precipitation.
研究领域:
制药工程
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中药技术
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化工
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2022
·
IF 8.025
Yun-yun Shao,Yi-nan Zhao,Yi-fan Sun,Yao Guo,Xiao Zhang,Zhuang-peng Chang,Rui-gang Hou,Jianping Gao
For Codonopsis Radix polysaccharides (CRPs), oral administration is generally considered the most convenient route for patients. However, the details of its absorption and transport mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the oral absorption of CPA (an inulin-type fructan extracted from CRPs) in mice and Caco-2 cells. It was labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, and the fluorescence derivative (FCPA) was used to trace the behavior of CPA. The results showed that FCPA could be absorbed after oral administration and has a wide tissue distribution, including in the stomach, intestine, kidneys, and liver. FCPA was poorly absorbed, and its internalization was time- and energy-dependent, as well as dependent on cholesterol- and dynamin-mediated endocytosis. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed successful cellular internalization of FCPA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In addition, we found that FCPA was trafficked to endosomes and lysosomes, and that tubulin was required for its intracellular transport. These findings add new details to our knowledge of the internalization and transport mechanisms of CPA, which may prove useful to the development and application of oral formulations of CRPs.
研究领域:
药理学
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细胞生物学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines
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2022
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IF 3.887
Xiyang TANG,Cailian FAN,Jiaxing ZENG,Pengcheng ZHAO,Xiaoxing WANG,Wanjun CAI,Ting LI,Yi DAI,Zhihong YAO,Xinsheng YAO
Codonopsis pilosula (CP), a well-known food medicine homology plant, is commonly used in many countries. In our preliminary study, a series of pyrrolidine alkaloids with high MS responses were detected as characteristic absorbed constituents in rat plasma after oral administration of CP extract. However, their structures were unclear due to the presence of various isomers and the lack of reference standards. In the present study, an MS-guided targeted isolation of pyrrolidine alkaloids of CP extract was performed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS). For data analysis under fast data directed acquisition mode (Fast-DDA), an effective approach named characteristic fragmentation-assisted mass spectral networking was successfully applied to discover new pyrrolidine alkaloids with high MS response in CP extract. As a result, seven new pyrrolizidine alkaloids [codonopyrrolidiums C–I ( 3–9 )], together with two known ones ( 1 and 2 ), were isolated and identified by NMR spectral analysis. Among them, codonopyrrolidium B ( 1 ), codonopyrrolidium D ( 4 ) and codonopyrrolidium E ( 5 ) were evaluated for lipid-lowering activity, and they could improve high fructose-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. In addition, the characteristic MS/MS fragmentation patterns of these pyrrolizidine alkaloids were investigated, and 17 pyrrolidine alkaloids were identified. This approach could accelerate novel natural products discovery and characterize a class of natural products with MS/MS fragmentation patterns from similar chemical scaffolds. The research also provides a chemical basis for revealing in vivo effective substances in CP.
研究领域:
药用植物学
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分析化学
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天然产物发现
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 7
·4130-4141
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IF 6.317
Yao Guo,Yun-yun Shao,Yi-nan Zhao,Xiao Zhang,Zhuang-peng Chang,Yi-fan Sun,Jun-jin Liu,Jianping Gao,Rui-gang Hou
The aim of this work has been to establish and validate a simple and efficient method to detect the concentration of inulin-type fructan CPA from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf. in biosamples, and then apply it to evaluate the pharmacokinetics behavior, distribution character in tissue and excretion in mice. In this work, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used to label CPA. Then FCPA was intravenously and orally administered to mice at different doses. In both i.v and p.o administration, FCPA concentration slowly declined in the circulatory system with a much longer T1/2 and MRT. After p.o administration, the area under the time curve (AUC0-∞) was dose-dependently increased. Taken together, FCPA showed poor absorption and wide tissue distribution. These pharmacokinetic results yield helpful insights into the pharmacological actions of FCPA.
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
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药剂学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ELECTROPHORESIS
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2022
·Vol. 43
·期 15
·1601-1610
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IF 3.595
Ying Zhang,Ming Zhao,Cheng-Bo Wang,Yu Wang,Stanislas Nsanzamahoro,Ling-Ling Zhu,Wei-Feng Wang,Jun-Li Yang
Prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2) is a key enzyme regulating the expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). Its inhibitors can improve the expression of HIF and downstream genes, which can treat hypoxia-related diseases. Therefore, the establishment of a reliable PHD2 inhibitors screening method is of great significance for the drug development of hypoxia-related diseases. In this work, an accurate, rapid, and simple screening method for PHD2 inhibitors was introduced by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). In order to improve the detection sensitivity, the derivative reaction of α-ketoglutaric acid (α-OG) and 1,2-diaminobenzene (OPD) was used to enhance the UV absorption of α-OG (the substrate in the enzymatic reaction). The CZE method selected 20 mM Na 2 B 4 O 7 buffer (pH 9.0) as the separation buffer, +25 kV as the separation voltage, 25°C as the cartridge temperature, and 210 nm as the detection wavelength. Under this condition, the analysis of a single sample can be realized within 9 min. Compared with the existing reported methods, the present work can directly screen the PHD2 inhibitory activity of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extracts, which is of significance for the target-purification of bioactive individual compounds from TCMs. Under the optimal conditions, the PHD2 inhibitor screening platform was successfully established, and it was found that 70% methanol/water extracts of Astragali Radix and Codonopsis pilosula had good PHD2 inhibitory activity. Furthermore, the present work provides a novel approach for screening the PHD2 inhibitory activity of TCM extracts and the discovery of anti-hypoxia bioactive compounds.
研究领域:
药学
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分析化学
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传统中药
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药物发现
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
·
2024
·Vol. 73
·期 7
·1-24
·
IF 4.6
Liu Hongxu,Yao Maojin,Ren Jiaoyan
The majority of the immune cell population in the tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), which are the main players in coordinating tumor-associated inflammation. TAM has a high plasticity and is divided into two main phenotypes, pro-inflammatory M1 type and anti-inflammatory M2 type, with tumor-suppressive and tumor-promoting functions, respectively. Considering the beneficial effects of M1 macrophages for anti-tumor and the high plasticity of macrophages, the conversion of M2 TAM to M1 TAM is feasible and positive for tumor treatment. This study sought to evaluate whether the glycopeptide derived from simulated digested Codonopsis pilosula extracts could regulate the polarization of M2-like TAM toward the M1 phenotype and the potential regulatory mechanisms. The results showed that after glycopeptide dCP1 treatment, the mRNA relative expression levels of some M2 phenotype marker genes in M2-like TAM in simulated TME were reduced, and the relative expression levels of M1 phenotype marker genes and inflammatory factor genes were increased. Analysis of RNA-Seq of M2-like TAM after glycopeptide dCP1 intervention showed that the gene sets such as glycolysis, which is associated with macrophage polarization in the M1 phenotype, were significantly up-regulated, whereas those of gene sets such as IL-6-JAK-STAT3 pathway, which is associated with polarization in the M2 phenotype, were significantly down-regulated. Moreover, PCA analysis and Pearson's correlation also indicated that M2-like TAM polarized toward the M1 phenotype at the transcriptional level after treatment with the glycopeptide dCP1. Lipid metabolomics was used to further explore the efficacy of the glycopeptide dCP1 in regulating the polarization of M2-like TAM to the M1 phenotype. It was found that the lipid metabolite profiles in dCP1-treated M2-like TAM showed M1 phenotype macrophage lipid metabolism profiles compared with blank M2-like TAM. Analysis of the key differential lipid metabolites revealed that the interconversion between phosphatidylcholine (PC) and diacylglycerol (DG) metabolites may be the central reaction of the glycopeptide dCP1 in regulating the conversion of M2-like TAM to the M1 phenotype. The above results suggest that the glycopeptide dCP1 has the efficacy to regulate the polarization of M2-like TAM to M1 phenotype in simulated TME.
研究领域:
免疫学
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肿瘤学
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药理学
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分子生物学
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细胞生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Nanomedicine
·
2024
·
IF 6.6
Kang Dong,Xin Wang,Ze-jia Zhou,Xin-ru Zheng,Zhuang-peng Chang,Rui Zhao,Jun-jin Liu,Rui-gang Hou,Xiao Zhang,Yun-yun Shao
Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic intestinal disease characterized by spleen-lung qi deficiency and dampness-pathogenic obstruction. Although there are various treatment options available, patients frequently encounter significant drug-related side effects. Previous studies have shown the potential of Codonopsis Radix polysaccharides A (CPA) in treating UC, but their limited bioavailability has restricted their clinical use. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a novel formulation that can address the aforementioned limitations and assess its potential advantages.Methods and Results We synthesized a negatively charged amphipathic prodrug called CPA-SA-DHA (CSD), which consists of CPA as the hydrophilic component, and succinic anhydride and docosahexaenoic acid as the hydrophobic segments. The CSD nanoparticles obtained had a particle size of 180.0 ± 3.2 nm, a negative zeta potential of −29.8 ± 5.3 mV, and a uniform shape with a PDI index of 0.230 ± 0.003. The interaction between positive and negative charges significantly increased the retention time of CSD nanoparticles in the colonic microenvironment. Furthermore, CSD nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced bioavailability in UC mice compared to CPA. Additionally, we observed that CSD nanoparticles exhibited therapeutic effects on DSS-induced UC mice by regulating the diversity and abundance of gut microbiota. This effect may be mediated by the inhibition of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways TLR4/NF-κB.Conclusion These findings confirm the potential of CSD nanoparticles as a promising treatment option for UC.
研究领域:
药学
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胃肠病学
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纳米技术
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免疫学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）