FUEL
·
2016
·
IF 3.611
Shunlin Tang,Lina Wang,Xinbin Feng,Zhaohui Feng,Ruiyang Li,Huipeng Fan,Ke Li
Mercury species distribution in the flue gas from three typical coal-fired power plants have been investigated using a C-5000 sampler for Ontario Hydro Method (OHM) to evaluate specified Hg emission inventories in the largest coal-production province of China, Inner Mongolia. The feed coal, bottom ash, fly ash and gypsum have also been sampled in the field. Mercury emissions are in the dominant form of Hg 0 (>85%). The Hg 2+ (<15%) and the Hg p (<2%) emissions are minor fractions of Hg t in the flue gas. The wet limestone flue gas desulfurization device (WLFGD) showed much higher removal efficiency for Hg 2+ (87–95%) than for the other two Hg species. The input Hg/output Hg varied from 92% to 115% for the tested 3 coal-fried utility boilers during sampling time. We obtained comprehensive Hg discharge factors, including direct atmospheric Hg emission factors and indirect discharge factors of Hg associated with bottom ash, fly ash and gypsum, to the environment, designating the fates of Hg in coal. We estimated the Hg discharges from coal-fired power plants in Inner Mongolia in 2008–2014 and expanded to China. The maximum of direct Hg emissions from coal-fired power plants of Inner Mongolia was 24 Mg in 2012. The Chinese coal-fired power plants emitted directly 100 Mg Hg to the atmosphere every year at the nationwide air control actions. The maximum discharges of Hg associated with fly ash and gypsum of Inner Mongolia was 81 Mg and 11 Mg in 2012, respectively. The national Hg discharges with fly ash and gypsum every year are respectively about 300 Mg and 82 Mg, majority of which may be reemitted to the atmosphere by the utilization industry. Therefore, mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants are not the largest single source of Hg to the atmosphere in normal operation of the current efficient denitrification, particles control and desulfurization devices. Instead, the utilization industry of fly ash and gypsum would be emitting more Hg to the atmosphere.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源与动力工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Chen Shi,Xiangrong Liu,Shun-Sheng Zhao,Zaiwen Yang
The biodegradation of Inner Mongolia coal by Pseudomonas japonica ( P. japonica ) was investigated, showing that the biodegradability of P. japonica was related to its secretions: esterase (Es) and rhamnolipid (Rh). Therefore, the efficiencies of coal biodegradation were explored through additions of Es, Rh and the mixture of Es and Rh (Es-Rh) to the biodegradation system, respectively. It was found that the coal biodegradation rate all increased in the presence of Es-Rh, Es or Rh, among which Es-Rh significantly increased the coal biodegradation rate. When the ratio of Es-Rh was 150 mg/mL:1200 mg/mL, the coal biodegradation rate reached a maximum of 65.3% higher than the control group 18.8%, it was because the optical density and esterase activity of P. japonica were the highest, while the electronegativity and adsorption rate of coal samples were the optima. GC–MS of the degradation liquid products showed that the compositions of degradation liquid products in the presence of Es-Rh mainly contained long-chain alkanes, alcohols and ethers, of which the highest content of long-chain alkanes was 81.13%. FTIR analysis confirmed that the C H, C C and -COOR groups in Inner Mongolia coal were degraded in the presence of Es-Rh. XRD analysis demonstrated that the L c and N ave decreased in the presence of Es-Rh, indicating that the crystallization degree of Inner Mongolia coal decreased. This study indicated that the addition of mixture of Es and Rh could significantly promote the degradation of Inner Mongolia coal by P. japonica .
研究领域:
微生物学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Minerals
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 8
·771
·
IF 2.2
Lili Feng,Kaixuan Bian,Kailong Zhang,Jiawei Geng,Yanmin Zheng,Xiao Li
The modes of occurrence, migration, and evolution pathways of lithium (Li) and gallium (Ga) during combustion of an Al-rich coal from Inner Mongolia, China, were investigated using methods of simulated combustion experiments, the sequential chemical extraction procedure (SCEP), and the thermodynamic equilibrium calculation. Mineralogical and chemical compositions of the feed coal and combustion ash were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The study reveals that Li and Ga are significantly enriched in the ash after combustion, with the contents reaching up to 1086 μg/g and 133 μg/g, respectively. The primary modes of occurrence of Li and Ga in the ash are quartz and aluminosilicates, and sulfides, respectively. Li, in the form of LiAlSi4O10(s), primarily occurs in hematite, glass, and quartz below 800 °C. However, it migrates into the glass phase, mullite, and quartz above 1000 °C. On the other hand, Ga exists as Ga4S5(s) and transforms into Ga2S (g) as the temperature rises from 800 °C to 1000 °C, maintaining this gaseous form until 1200 °C. Ga4S5(s) predominantly occurs in the glass phase at 600 °C, whereas mullite and quartz become its dominant modes of occurrence in industrial combustion ashes and ashes obtained from simulated combustion above 600 °C.
研究领域:
环境科学
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地球化学
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能源与燃料
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CONTROL
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2024
·
IF 5.6
Haiying Cui,Yangyang Chen,Tariq Aziz,Fahad Al-Asmari,Maher S. Alwethaynani,Ce Shi,Lin Lin
Cheese spoilage caused by Listeria monocytogenes ( L. monocytogenes ) contamination results in food waste, economic losses, and even threatens human health. Diacetyl, a natural microbial metabolite derived from lactic acid bacteria with efficient antimicrobial activity, is commonly found in fermented dairy products, but its inhibitory effect on L. monocytogenes was few reported. This study aimed to explore the antibacterial effects and mechanisms of diacetyl on L. monocytogenes , and its application in Inner Mongolian cheese preservation was conducted by fabricating it into gelatin-based edible films. Diacetyl showed excellent antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of diacetyl was 1 mg/mL. Upon exposure to 2MIC diacetyl, the bacterial membrane integrity was significantly impaired, leading to intracellular materials leakage, and the cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was markedly elevated. To overcome the disadvantages of diacetyl such as unstable and volatile, gelatin-based edible films incorporated with diacetyl were fabricated, and the characterization tests showed the composite edible films exhibited good mechanical, barrier, and antibacterial and antioxidant properties. In the challenge test, the composite edible films could extend the shelf life of cheese samples by maintaining the stability of moisture and pH, stabilizing the color and texture changes, and slowing down the bacterial growth and lipid oxidation. These findings offer new insights into the antibacterial effects of diacetyl on L. monocytogenes, and the fabricated edible films were anticipated to serve as a promising packaging material for preserving Inner Mongolian cheese.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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食品保鲜
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）