EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 6
Houmin Jiang,Youzhang Zhu,Guofeng Zhao,Anwei Tian,Hengrong Li,Jian Li,Shuai Zhao,Guangfa Zhang,Ailin Gao,Jian Cui,Yehai Yan
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with absorption-dominated EMI shielding mechanism can effectively annihilate electromagnetic waves (EMW) and avoid their repeated EMW pollution. However, it is difficult to achieve this goal for conductive polymer-based composites (CPC), because the interface impedance mismatch between air and CPC leads to massive reflection of EMW at the interface. Pores are beneficial to EMW penetrating into the interior of CPC and causing their multiple reflection, scattering and absorption in pores, thus endowing CPC with absorption-dominated EMI shielding characteristic. Herein, highly conductive silvered aramid microfibers (CAMF) were first synthesized via dopamine-assisted electroless deposition of silver coating on aramid microfibers (AMF), and then the conductive porous PDMS composite foams (PDMSF) with absorption-dominated EMI shielding characteristic were prepared and optimized via salt template method. As a result, PDMSF with 1.7 vol% silver content, the conductivity of PDMSF can reach 10 -1 S/m, the EMI shielding efficiency (EMI SE) can reach 36.7 dB in X-band, and the average absorption ratio in EMI SE is 87%, while the density of PDMSF is only 0.28 g/cm 3 . The combination of lightweight, high EMI SE and absorption-dominated EMI shielding characteristic makes the porous PDMSF the latent EMI shielding materials in special constructions (e.g. military, confidential and nuclear facilities, etc.), aerospace, military equipments and transportation, etc.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电磁学
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复合材料
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纳米技术
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高分子科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xuehang Jiao,Jianyong Xu,Hongbiao Huo,Xiaoting Lei,He Cheng,Chunpei Yu,Wenchao Zhang
Metastable intermolecular composites (MICs) are known for their high energy density, high burn rate, and low diffusion distance, and they have various applications in military and civilian equipment and tasks. However, the introduction of binders, which facilitate shaping, during the processing of MICs for practical applications can lead to a decrease in the energy release rate and an increase in the required ignition energy. Herein, we incorporated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and expandable graphite (EG) into 90- wt% Al/CuO nanothermites stick using simple extrusion-based direct ink writing to improve their overall performance. The high-temperature expansion characteristics and unique structure after expansion caused EG to perform an important role during Al/CuO nanothermites system combustion, which effectively promotes heat transfer and considerably increases the burn rate (81.6%) and pressure rising rate (103.0%). This study demonstrated EG as a low-cost and efficient combustion catalyst for MICs and introduced a simple approach to modulate the energy release rate, combustion pressure and semiconductor bridge (SCB) ignition performance of MICs through incorporation of small amounts of carbon materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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燃烧学
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军事应用
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2025
·
IF 5.4
Chengzhen Wen,Keyu Lan,Mingqi Ding,Shibing Bai,Jingjing Jing,Dawei Xu
Traditional materials with single electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance have not satisfied the demand of rapidly developed information and communication technology, which spawns the development of novel materials with higher efficiency and more functionality. However, it is quite difficult to strike a good balance between EMI shielding performance and other functions, such as infrared stealth, which extremely limits the further application, especially in the special or extreme condition. Herein, a novel functional membrane with bifacial architecture was fabricated via the facile solution strategy, which was constructed by the in-situ generation and unidirectional growth Ag nanoparticles and selectively enrichment of Ti 3 C 2 T x sheets on upside and backside of the membrane, respectively. The composite membrane possessed the excellent antibacterial and EMI shielding performance, with the distinctive bifacial wettability and conductivity. Furthermore, the incorporation of Ti 3 C 2 T x effectively reduced the infrared emissivity and endowed the membrane with the infrared stealth performance, providing the novel strategy for constructing multi-functional materials with required structure, showing broad application prospects in the military field.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
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军事应用
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2024
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·113
·
IF 3.1
Yifan Fei,Junya Yao,Wei Cheng,Wenling Jiao
Microwave absorbers with infrared camouflage are highly desirable in military fields. Self-supporting 3D architectures with tailorable shapes, composed of FeCoNi alloy/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) @ carbon nanofibers (CNFs), were fabricated in this study. On the one hand, multiple loss mechanisms were introduced into the high-elastic sponges. Controllable space conductive networks caused by the in situ growth of CNTs on the CNFs contributed to the effective dielectric and resistance loss. Moreover, the uniformly distributed magnetic alloy nanoparticles (NPs) with dense magnetic coupling resulted in magnetic loss. On the other hand, heterogeneous interfaces were constructed by multicomponent engineering, causing interfacial polarization and polarization loss. Furthermore, the internal structures of sponges were optimized by regulating the alloy NPs sizes and the growth state of CNTs, then tuning the impedance matching and microwave absorption. Therefore, the high-elastic sponges with ultra-low density (7.6 mg·cm−3) were found to have excellent radar and infrared-compatible stealth properties, displaying a minimum refection loss (RLmin) of −50.5 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EABmax) of 5.36 GHz. Moreover, the radar stealth effect of the sponges was evaluated by radar cross-section (RCS) simulation, revealing that the multifunctional sponges have a promising prospect in military applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电磁学
·
军事应用
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Xiaojing Lv,Juncheng Dong,Mingfa Shao,Jin Li,Jiankun Cui,Yufeng Shi,Yang He,Mi Ouyang,Cheng Zhang
Electrochromic (EC) technology, with its reversible color changes and special light modulation, has a wide range of applications in adaptive military camouflage. However, there are still some problems such as difficulties with multicolor display, flexible patterned displays, and difficult integration with electrochromic and energy storage that limit its development and applications in portable military camouflage devices. In this work, a multicolored conjugated polymer, p3DT-FSQ, was designed and prepared by electrochemical polymerization. The polymer film exhibits a reversible color change, high optical contrast, and a fast switching time. On this basis, the reflective and transmissive zinc-based electrochromic devices (RZECD and TZECD) were optimally assembled based on the p3DT-FSQ film as the EC layer and zinc sheet or zinc frame as the counter electrode. Both RZECD and TZECD show reversible orange-yellow, earthy yellow, and army green colors at various potentials with good energy storage properties and excellent flexibility, meeting the demand for color variation and functionality in modern electronic combat environments. It is even more intriguing that the patterned TZECDs can accurately simulate six combat environments, including Gobi, highland, wilderness, cropland, desert, and forest. This work presents a design strategy for an adaptive EC military camouflage device that also has an energy storage function, making it an excellent choice for portable adaptive military camouflage.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
·
军事应用
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Wei Wu,Xiaohui Sun,Xueying Zhao,BAOLEI LIU,Guohua Wu,Xuyang Zhang,Bo Wang,Xiangwei Wang,Xianhui Rong,Nana LIU
Polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLC), as an electrochromic material, can rapidly undergo reversible switching between scattering and transparent states, demonstrating significant potential in electro-optic fields. However, traditional PDLC films are limited to simplicial transition between a scattering state and a transparent state without switchable colors, lacking the opportunity for adaptive camouflage especially in military related items. In this study, chromium trioxide (Cr2O3) and ionic liquid (IL) were incorporated into the PDLC, enabling color change through redox reactions between the IL and liquid crystal molecules with reversibly transition from green to yellow, possessing excellent electrochromic adaptive camouflage performance. By applying a 5 V electric field, the PDLC films can be successfully manipulated to simulate the colors of various terrestrial backgrounds, including the green forests, the yellow and green mountainous regions, the yellow wilderness areas, the white snow, and the yellow deserts. This research provides new insights into the application of PDLC films for switchable color adaptive camouflage, broadening the application range of PDLC.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
·
军事应用
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 12
·2004171
·
IF 16.806
Fengxiang Chen,Lisha Zhai,Huiyu Yang,Shichao Zhao,Zonglei Wang,Chong Gao,Jingyi Zhou,Xin Liu,Zhenwei Yu,Yong Qin,Weilin Xu
Aramid fibers are widely used in many cutting-edge fields, including space, aviation, military, and electronics. However, their poor UV resistance and surface inertness seriously hinder their utilization, especially in harsh environments. Here, a dual-layer ultrathin Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 coating with a thickness of 70–180 nm is fabricated on aramid fibers by a modified atomic layer deposition (ALD) method. The tenacity of ALD-coated aramid fibers decreases only by ≈0.85% after exposure to intense UV light (4260 W m −2 ) under high temperature (>200 ℃) for 90 min, which equals to continuous exposure to sunlight for about 17 500 days. The as-prepared aramid fibers also show excellent laundering durability, thermal and chemical stabilities. This work presents a green and damage-free approach to achieve the highly anti-UV aramid fibers without sacrificing their outstanding performance, which is expected to guide material design for future innovations in functional fibers and devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面工程
·
航空航天
·
军事应用
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Jialin Gao,Jialiang Zhou,Meng Yuan,Senlong Yu,Wujun Ma,Zexu Hu,Hengxue Xiang,Meifang Zhu
Electrochromic devices (ECDs), which are capable of modulating optical properties in the visible and long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectra under applied voltage, are of great significance for military camouflage. However, there are a few materials that can modulate dual frequency bands. In addition, the complex and specialized structural design of dual-band ECDs poses significant challenges. Here, we propose a novel approach for a bendable ECD capable of modulating LWIR radiation and displaying multiple colors. Notably, it eliminates the need for a porous electrode or a grid electrode, thereby improving both the response speed and fabrication feasibility. The device employs multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as both the transparent electrode and the LWIR modulator, polyaniline (PANI) as the electrochromic layer, and ionic liquids (HMIM[TFSI]) as the electrolyte. The ECD is able to reduce its infrared emissivity (Δε = 0.23) in a short time (resulting in a drop in infrared temperature from 50 to 44 °C) within a mere duration of 0.78 ± 0.07 s while changing its color from green to yellow within 3 s when a positive voltage of 4 V is applied. In addition, it exhibits excellent flexibility, even under bending conditions. This simplified structure provides opportunities for applications such as wearable adaptive camouflage and multispectral displays.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
军事应用
·
光学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2020
·
IF 7.1
Qingwen Zhang,Danfeng Jiang,Changshun Xu,Yuancai Ge,Xiaohu Liu,Qingquan Wei,Liping Huang,Xueqian Ren,Chengde Wang,Yi Wang
We proposed a wearable electrochemical biosensor based on Ag Nanowires (AgNWs) and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) prepared on the screen-printed electrode for the noninvasive monitoring of lactate in the human sweat. The MIPs were prepared by electropolymerization of 3-aminophenulboronic acid (3-APBA) with imprinted lactate molecule on the AgNWs-coated working electrode. The MIPs-AgNWs biosensor revealed high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of lactate from 10 −6 M to 0.1 M, with the detection limit of 0.22 μM. Furthermore, the sensors presented high stability and reproducibility with sensitivity recovery of 99.8% ± 1.7% during 7 months storage in a dark plastic box at room temperature. In addition, the flexible electrodes also showed stable electrochemical response after been bended and twisted for 200 times, respectively. Such MIPs-AgNWs biosensor was attached on volunteers’ skin for the noninvasive monitoring of the perspiration lactate in vivo . The wearable electrochemical biosensor provides feasibility in near future for the evaluation of human sweat in the military, sports and biomedical fields.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
·
传感器与执行器
·
运动科学
·
军事应用
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2021
·
IF 5.097
Ling Chen,Xinfu Cao,Jianbing Gao,Weidong He,Jie Liu,Yingbo Wang,Xiang Zhou,Jinpeng Shen,Binbin Wang,Yao He,Daquan Tan
In this study, nitrated bacterial cellulose (NBC) energetic binder was introduced to prepare NBC-based nanocomposite energetic materials (nEMs) through a combined simple and safe sol–gel method and the freeze-drying technology. A series of analytical and test methods were systematically conducted to characterize the structure, composition, thermal properties, and safety performance of the materials. The results indicated that the particles of nitramine explosives were dispersed and embedded homogeneously in the three-dimensional (3D) porous cross-linked construction of the NBC gel matrix; the crystal growth of the explosive particles was restricted, which led to nanometer-scale composites. The thermal analysis demonstrated that the peak temperature of the composite (e.g., NBC/CL-20: 224.8 °C) was reduced and produced substantial heat release (e.g., NBC/CL-20: 3346 J·g–1) during the process of decomposition. In addition, the mechanism of thermal decomposition was probed, and cyclic catalytic decomposition between the NBC gel and explosives may exist. The sensitivity decreased visibly because of the existence of the cross-linked structure of the gel matrix, which could act as a buffer system to mitigate the release stimulated from the surroundings. Accordingly, this investigation may provide the promising potential for NBC-based energetic composites used in explosives and propellants in the military, and further promote the methodology for manufacturing energetic nanocomposites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
军事应用
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Small
·
2023
·
IF 13.3
Zhiming Deng,Peizhu Jiang,Zhenguo Wang,Li Xu,Zhong-Zhen Yu,Hao-Bin Zhang
Processing transition metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes) inks into large-area functional coatings expects promising potential for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared stealth. However, the coating performances, especially for scalable fabrication techniques, are greatly constrained by the flake size and stacking manner of MXene. Herein, the large-area production of highly densified and oriented MXene coatings is demonstrated by engineering interfacial interactions of small MXene flakes with catecholamine molecules. The catecholamine molecules can micro-crosslink MXene nanosheets, significantly improving the ink's rheological properties. It favors the shear-induced sheet arrangement and inhibition of structural defects in the blade coating process, making it possible to achieve high orientation and densification of MXene assembly by either large-area coating or patterned printing. Interestingly, the MXene/catecholamine coating exhibits high conductivity of up to 12 247 S cm −1 and ultrahigh specific EMI shielding effectiveness of 2.0 ×10 5 dB cm 2 g −1 , obviously superior to most of the reported MXene materials. Furthermore, the regularly assembled structure also endows the MXene coatings with low infrared emissivities for infrared stealth applications. Therefore, MXene/catecholamine coatings with ultraefficient EMI shielding and low infrared emissivity prove the feasibility of applications in aerospace, military, and wearable devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电磁干扰
·
红外技术
·
纳米技术
·
航空航天工程
·
军事应用
·
可穿戴设备
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）