Lei Shi,Wenliang Tao,Nianben Zheng,Wei Tang,Tian Zhou,Zhiqiang Sun
Solar energy is promising for application in vapor generation and desalination that is reliant on conventional high-temperature fluid methods due to its renewable energy properties. Existing desalination technology has encountered a bottleneck due to high energy consumption, low water purity and high costs. In this work, a novel magnetic three-dimensional solar vapor generator inspired by cold evaporated heatsink is designed based on carbon fiber felt, which has the ability to efficiently absorb solar energy and evaporate seawater. In addition, a seawater desalination coupling salt production device is built, utilizing the photo-thermal interface as a means of accelerating both the evaporation and salt extraction processes using a magnetic field. Experiments and simulations are conducted to analyze the effects of materials, surface properties, device structure, solar illumination intensities and magnetic field conditions on evaporation efficiency. The results show that the device is able to achieve cold evaporation and harvests energy from the environment, reaching an evaporation efficiency of 130.7% under 1 sun illumination. Furthermore, with a magnetic field power of 5 kW m −2 , the device is able to achieve a remarkable evaporation rate of 7.05 kg m -2 h −1 under 1 sun illumination, which enables rapid fresh water extraction in extreme conditions. The device is simple in structure, cost-effective, and can be widely used in areas that face water and salt shortages.
Solar-driven evaporation technology could significantly relieve the fresh-water crisis in the world. However, several problems, such as poor structural stability, low photothermal conversion capacity, and single heat source of traditional evaporators limited the promotion of fresh-water production efficiency. Herein, inspired by tree transpiration, we report a hydrophilic three-dimensional (3D) cellulose-based evaporator similar to the root of a tree, which can pump the bottom water to the evaporation surface for vapor generation. The aldehyde-based cellulose nanocrystals/ethylene imine polymer (ACP) aerogel was developed through Schiff base reaction to enhance the chain entangle capacity of the cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) aerogel in water. Coating the ACP aerogel with lignin-derived photothermal material created the double-layered solar-driven evaporator (ACP-7LM), achieving a remarkable surface temperature of 35.9 °C in water under 1 sun irradiation for 1 h. The ACP-7LM exhibited an impressive evaporation rate of 1.60 kg m −2 h −1 , leveraging its structural stability and excellent photothermal conversion. Increasing the cold evaporation surface (adjusting exposure height from 0 cm to 4 cm) of ACP-7LM aerogel maintained a lower temperature compared to ambient temperature on the side surface during evaporation, which harvest heat energy from environment and minimize energy loss. This enhanced environmental heat absorption boosted the ACP-7LM's evaporation rate to 3.76 kg m −2 h −1 , a 2.35-fold increase over the ACP-7LM (0 cm). This solar-driven evaporator offers an efficient, innovative approach to elevate evaporation rates and address the global water crisis by simultaneously enhancing heat absorption capacity and photothermal conversion efficiency.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）