BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2025
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IF 5.8
Jiapeng Zhang,Wuyu Wang,Linfei Zhou,Xinghua Zhang,Longlong Ma
The synthesis of high-performance jet fuel from biomass presents a solution to energy crises and environmental pollution. This paper introduces a novel strategy for producing jet fuel with a high heat sink and low freezing point using bio-derived phenol and ethanol. The production route comprises two successive steps: the alkylation of phenol with ethanol, followed by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), catalyzed by Hβ zeolite and Pt/C, respectively. The alkylation conditions were optimized at 260 °C for 8 h, achieving phenol conversion rates exceeding 95 % and yielding 88.7 % alkylphenol at a phenol to ethanol molar ratio of 1:3. The final HDO products consisted of 20.25 % monoethylcyclohexane, 44.87 % diethylcyclohexane, and 28.32 % triethylcyclohexane. These products demonstrated a heat sink capacity of 3.3 MJ/kg, a freezing point below −65 °C, a heat value of 45.4 MJ/kg, and a density of 0.82 g/cm 3 at 20 °C, surpassing the performance metrics of conventional JP-8 fuel. Kinetic studies on the alkylation revealed activation energies of 58.36 kJ/mol for O-alkylation and 122.07 kJ/mol for C-alkylation. The findings contribute to understanding the mechanisms of alkylation reactions between phenolic compounds and short chain alcohols. This work offers a straightforward and energy-efficient way to synthesize high-performance jet fuel from lignocellulosic derivatives, reducing processing energy consumption and enhancing feedstock utilization rates.
研究领域:
能源化学
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催化
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燃料科学
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化学工程
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生物质转化
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
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2025
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IF 5.3
Wuyu Wang,Xuelai Zhao,Yanyan Cui,Xinghua Zhang,Lungang Chen,Qi Zhang,Longlong Ma
Jet fuels must simultaneously meet stringent requirements for energy density and freezing point to ensure safe operation under extreme flight conditions. The common technical route of biojet fuel is hydrodeoxidation after the platform molecule C–C coupling. The branched long-chain alkanes synthesized from biomass-derived C5–C6 esters and ketones platform molecules can meet the performance requirements of jet fuel, via the Claisen condensation as the C–C coupling step. The acetone-derived methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) and methyl pivalate were efficiently converted to C11 fuel precursor with branched chain structure over potassium tert-butoxide (t-BuOK) in N,N-dimethylformamide solution. MIBK was fully converted at room temperature for 7 h, with a 95% yield of C11 oxygenated compounds. Under the same conditions, a series of C10–12 oxygenated compounds with a yield around 80% could be synthesized from methyl pivalate and other ketones. In addition, the oxygenated compounds generated alongside the Claisen condensation reaction could serve as jet fuel precursors, thereby ensuring high atomic economy of ketones. After hydrodeoxygenation, these oxygenated precursors are transformed into isomeric alkanes with freezing points below −100 °C, meeting and even surpassing aviation fuel standards. Importantly, the mild conditions, high selectivity, and compatibility with a wide range of ketone feedstocks indicate the route’s strong industrial application potential for large-scale production of ultralow freezing biojet fuel for extreme aviation environments.
研究领域:
生物能源化学
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绿色催化
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燃料化学
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应用化学
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可再生能源工程
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有机合成方法学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
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2020
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IF 5.578
Yiying Dai,Genkuo Nie,Si Gong,Li Wang,Lun Pan,Yunming Fang,Xiangwen Zhang,Ji-Jun Zou
Synthesis of jet fuel with high density, good low-temperature property and high thermal stability is significant to aerospace industry. Here, a great-performance jet fuel blending including bi- and tri-cyclic hydrocarbons (C10 ~ C16) is synthesized with high yield through reduced graphene oxide (rGO) assisted H 2 SO 4 catalytic one-pot reaction of cyclopentanol and methylcyclopentane. The reaction occurs through a consecutive way of dehydration, alkylation, rearrangement and hydrogen transfer. Carbon-based materials especially rGO are used as additive to increase the carbon yield by promoting the emulsification of reactants in sulfuric acid. Promoted emulsification improves the alkylation of cyclopentanol with methylcyclopentane and makes the hydrogen transfer easier, which highly increases the conversion of methylcyclopentane (54.9%), the carbon yield (83.2%) and the selectivity (97.3%) of products. Finally, a jet-fuel-ranged blending with overall yield of 71.8% is obtained by distillation, which shows high density of 0.90 g/mL, low freezing point of ＜-72 °C and a high oxidation onset temperature of 195.0 °C. This work provides a simple, efficient and low-cost way to synthesize high performance jet fuel from biomass.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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航空航天工程
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能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
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2020
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IF 3.421
Suya Yin,Taishun Yang,Yuan Xue,Maiying Xie,Fengfei Chen,Hualin Lin,Bin Dai,Feng Gao,Sheng Han
High-efficiency pour point depressants (PPDs) for diesel fuel were obtained using a series of tetradecyl methacrylate-N-α-methacrylamide copolymers (C14MC-NMLR) with different molar ratios synthesized through radical polymerization of tetradecyl methacrylate (C14MC) and various forms of N-α-methacrylamide (NMLR, R = -phenyl, -naphthyl, -cyclohexyl, -14a, -16a, -18a). The copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analysis. Results showed that diesel treated with C14MC-NML-phenyl (9:1) and C14MC-NML-14a (6:1) presented better cold flow properties at 2000 ppm, and the reductions in cold filter-plug point (ΔCFPP) and solid point (ΔSP) were (23 and 10 °C) and (22 and 11 °C) at 2000 ppm, respectively. The depressive effects further improved after compounding. When they were combined at a 1:4 mass ratio, PPDC-6 presented the best depressive effects, and the ΔCFPP and ΔSP reached 25 and 11 °C at 1000 ppm dosage and 28 and 15 °C at 2000 ppm dosage, respectively. Additionally, the crystallization behavior and crystal morphology of each treated diesel were explored.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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高分子化学
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燃料技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2019
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IF 4.784
Bilal Muhammad Khan,Hua-Mai Qiu,Xue-Fei Wang,Zhuo-Yan Liu,Jia-Yan Zhang,Yan-Jun Guo,Wei-Zhou Chen,Yang Liu,Kit-Leong Cheong
A complete absence of the physicochemical characterization of Gracilaria chouae polysaccharides (GCP) and its corresponding bioactivities urged the need for this study. It was found that GCP is a heteropolysaccharide which exists in linear random coil conformation. It contained a sulfate content of 7.9% in addition to 52.63% total sugar content and 9.62% galacturonic acid. Galactose and 3,6-anhydrogalactose were found in a molar ratio of 1.0:0.6. Its setting and melting points were determined as 41.3 and 71.7 °C, respectively, which makes it a suitable candidate for industrial processing where further heating is required and/or where the end-product needs to have extended shelf life in hot climate. GCP demonstrated 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (36.86, 27.42 and 19.07% at 3 mg·ml −1 ). Moreover, the results also suggested its potential use as a prebiotic due to its perceived high fermentability.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
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药学
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食品科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）