Foods
·
2023
·Vol. 12
·期 18
·3350
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IF 5.2
Yuhan Wang,Hongjuan Mo,Zhihong Hu,Bingjie Liu,Zhiqian Zhang,Yaowei Fang,Xiaoyue Hou,Shu Liu,Guang Yang
Chitooligosaccharides (COS), a high-value chitosan derivative, have many applications in food, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and agriculture owing to their unique biological activities. Chitosanase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of chitosan, can cleave β-1,4 linkages to produce COS. In this study, a chitosanase-producingBacillus paramycoidesBP-N07 was isolated from marine mud samples. The chitosanase enzyme (BpCSN) activity was 2648.66 ± 20.45 U/mL at 52 h and was able to effectively degrade chitosan. The molecular weight of purifiedBpCSN was approximately 37 kDa. The yield and enzyme activity ofBpCSN were 0.41 mg/mL and 8133.17 ± 47.83 U/mg, respectively. The optimum temperature and pH ofBpCSN were 50 °C and 6.0, respectively. The results of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) of chitosan treated withBpCSN for 3 h showed that it is an endo-chitosanase, and the main degradation products were chitobiose, chitotriose and chitotetraose.BpCSN was used for the preparation of oligosaccharides: 1.0 mg enzyme converted 10.0 g chitosan with 2% acetic acid into oligosaccharides in 3 h at 50 °C. In summary, this paper reports thatBpCSN has wide adaptability to temperature and pH and high activity for hydrolyzing chitosan substrates. Thus,BpCSN is a chitosan decomposer that can be used for producing chitooligosaccharides industrially.Keywords:Bacillus paramycoides;chitosanase;chitosan;chitosan oligosaccharides;enzymatic properties
研究领域:
微生物学
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生物技术
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2019
·Vol. 191
·期 2
·605-622
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IF 2.14
Bai Rubing,Yu Yuanyuan,Wang Qiang,Shen Jinsong,Yuan Jiugang,Fan Xuerong
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), a water-soluble carbohydrate obtained from chemical or enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan, has similar structure and properties to non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable chitosan. However, COS has many advantages over chitosan due to its low molecular weight and high water solubility. In the current work, COS was incorporated in the laccase-catalyzed polymerization of hydroquinone. The laccase-catalyzed polymerization of hydroquinone with or without COS was investigated by using simple structure of glucosamine hydrochloride as an alternative to COS to understand the mechanism of COS-incorporated polymerization of hydroquinone. Although polyhydroquinone can be regarded as the polymeric colorant with dark brown color, there is no affinity or chemical bonding between polyhydroquinone and cotton fibers. Cotton fabrics were successfully in-situ dyed into brown color through the laccase-catalyzed polymerization of hydroquinone by incorporating with COS as a template. The presence of COS enhanced the dye uptake of polyhydroquinone on cotton fibers due to high affinity of COS to cotton and covalent bonding between COS and polyhydroquinone during laccase catalysis. This novel approach not only provides a simple route for the biological coloration of cotton fabrics but also presents a significant way to prepare functional textiles with antibacterial property.
研究领域:
生物化学
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纺织科学
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材料科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
·
2017
·Vol. 34
·期 10
·2172-2184
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IF 3.002
Yin Xuelei,Chi Yingying,Guo Chuanyou,Feng Shuaishuai,Liu Jinhu,Sun Kaoxiang,Wu Zimei
Purpose To investigate the potential of a reduction-sensitive and fusogenic liposomes, enabled by surface-coating with chotooligosaccharides (COS) via a disulfide linker, for tumor-targeted cytoplasmic drug delivery. Methods COS (MW2000-5000) were chemically tethered onto the liposomes through a disulfide linker (-SS-) to cholesterol (Chol). Doxorubicin (DOX) was actively loaded in the liposomes. Their reduction-sensitivities, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics and antitumor efficacy were investigated. Results The Chol-SS-COS/DOX liposomes (100 nm) had zeta potential of 33.9 mV and high drug loading (13% w /w). The liposomes were stable with minimal drug leakage under physiological conditions but destabilized in the presence of reducing agents, dithiothreitol (DTT) or glutathione (GSH) at 10 mM, the cytosolic level. MTT assay revealed that the cationic Chol-SS-COS/DOX liposomes had higher cytotoxicity to MG63-osteosarcoma cells than non-reduction sensitive liposome (Chol-COS/DOX). Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy revealed that Chol-SS-COS/DOX internalized more efficiently than Chol-COS/DOX with more content to cytoplasm whereas Chol-COS/DOX located around the cell membrane. Chol-SS-COS/DOX preferentially internalized into MG63 cancer cell over LO2 normal liver cells. In rats both liposomes produced a prolonged half-life of DOX by 4 - 5.5 fold ( p < 0.001) compared with the DOX solution. Chol-SS-COS/DOX exhibited strong inhibitory effect on tumor growth in MG63 cell-bearing nude mice ( n = 6), and extended animal survival rate. Conclusions Reduction-responsive Chol-SS-COS liposomes may be an excellent platform for cytoplasmic delivery of anticancer drugs. Conjugation of liposomes with COS enhanced tumor cell uptake, antitumor effect and survival rate in animal models.
研究领域:
药剂学
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肿瘤学
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生物材料学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
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2022
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·14
·
IF 4.967
Conghao Lin,Zhanyong Guo,Aili Jiang,Xiaorui Liang,Wenqiang Tan
In this study, chitooligosaccharide-niacin acid conjugate was designed and synthesized through the reaction of chitooligosaccharide and nicotinic acid with the aid ofN,N′-carbonyldiimidazole. Its cationic derivatives were prepared by the further nucleophilic substitution reaction between the chitooligosaccharide-niacin acid conjugate and bromopropyl trialkyl ammonium bromide with different alkyl chain lengths. The specific structural characterization of all derivatives was identified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), and the degree of substitution was obtained using the integral area ratio of the hydrogen signals. Specifically, the antibacterial activities againstEscherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudoalteromonas citreaandVibrio harveyiwere evaluated using broth dilution methods. In addition, their antifungal activities, includingBotrytis cinerea,Glomerella cingulateandFusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubensewere assayed in vitro using the mycelium growth rate method. Experimental data proved that the samples showed antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacteria (MIC = 1–0.125 mg/mL, MBC = 8–0.5 mg/mL) and enhanced antifungal activity (50.30–68.48% at 1.0 mg/mL) againstBotrytis cinerea. In particular, of all chitooligosaccharide derivatives, the chitooligosaccharide derivative containing pyridinium and tri-n-butylamine showed the strongest antibacterial capacity against all of the test pathogenic bacteria; the MIC againstVibrio harveyiwas 0.125 mg/mL and the MBC was 1 mg/mL. The experimental results above showed that the introduction of pyridinium salt and quaternary ammonium salt bearing trialkyl enhanced the antimicrobial activity. In addition, the cytotoxicity against L929 cells of the chitooligosaccharide derivatives was evaluated, and the compounds exhibited slight cytotoxicity. Specifically, the cell viability was greater than 91.80% at all test concentrations. The results suggested that the cationic chitooligosaccharide derivatives bearing pyridinium and trialkyl ammonium possessed better antimicrobial activity than pure chitooligosaccharide, indicating their potential as antimicrobial agents in food, medicine, cosmetics and other fields.Keywords:chitooligosaccharide;nicotinylation;pyridinium cation;antibacterial;antifungal
研究领域:
生物化学
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微生物学
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药理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
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2019
·Vol. 43
·期 10
·e14116
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IF 1.288
Xiaojie Zheng,Yue He,Huan Zhou,Chunhua Xiong
This study evaluated the effects of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS)–nisin conjugates (COS-N CON) on the quality changes of Collichthys niveatus during storage at 4°C. COS–N CON were prepared by heating the aqueous solution of COS and nisin together at 80°C for 24 hr. In order to control the degree of conjugation, the total concentration and pH of mixed solution were adjusted to 2% and 2.00, respectively. COS–N CON were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FT–IR) and X–ray diffraction analysis (XRD). During storage, COS–N CON treated samples showed retarded sensory and texture deterioration, with significantly slower increase rate of pH, total viable counts (TVC), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB–N). At the day 6, the TVC, TVB–N, and hardness of C. niveatus treated with distilled water reached 6 log 10 (CFU/g), 28 mg/100 g, and 15 g, respectively; while that in COS–N CON treated samples was 5.1 log 10 (CFU/g), 21 mg/100 g, and 18 g, respectively. Based on indicating parameters tested, it was revealed that the COS–N CON treatment could prolong the shelf life of C. niveatus by 2 days during chilled storage, compared to the chitosan oligosaccharides (COS)–nisin mixture (COS–N MIX). Practical applications The novel preservation agent we created in this study could be considered as safe and renewable, which could be a great advantage in practical application. It was formed by conjugating chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) with nisin via Maillard reaction. Both COS and nisin were considered as green and renewable antimicrobial agents. Maillard reaction is one of the main reactions taking place in food that does not need catalyst and organic solvent. COS–nisin conjugates had a better effect on preservation of Collichthys niveatus , compared with COS–nisin mixtures, which indicating Maillard reaction could be the effective way in modifying the preservation properties of natural antimicrobial agents.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
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2025
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IF 6.1
Jingchong Li,Wende Zheng,Jingkun Li,Komelle Askari,Zhixiang Tian,Aohui Han,Runqiang Liu
Chlorpyrifos (CHP) contamination affects agricultural land and poses significant risks to plants and humans. Chitosan-oligosaccharide (COS) enhances plant resilience under stress and boosts the activity of enzymes metabolizing exogenous substances. This study aimed to explore the potential and mechanism of COS in mitigating CHP phytotoxicity and reducing CHP accumulation through both pot and field experiments. The results indicated that CHP exposure caused oxidative stress and decreased photosynthesis by 18.5 % in wheat. COS up-regulated the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in CHP-stressed plants, resulting in a 12.1 %-29.4 % increase in antioxidant enzyme activity, which resulted in an 11.3 %-12.8 % reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an 11.5 %-14.7 % reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves and roots, respectively. Additionally, COS increased chlorophyll content by 6.6 % by regulating genes related to chlorophyll metabolism, enhancing photosynthesis by 13.6 %. COS also reduced CHP uptake and accelerated its metabolism by upregulating CYP450 , GST , and lignin biosynthesis-related genes. Wheat treated with COS exhibited a 26.7 %-28.7 % reduction in grains' CHP content, resulting in a lower health risk index (HRI). These findings provide novel insights into the potential of COS in alleviating CHP phytotoxicity and reducing its accumulation.
研究领域:
植物学
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环境科学
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农业科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Oceanology and Limnology
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2019
·Vol. 38
·期 2
·342-350
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IF 0
Yu Yu,Li Kecheng
To investigate the adsorption characteristics of chitooligosaccharides in solution onto activated charcoal, we studied the optimal adsorption conditions and the adsorption mechanisms of the chitooligosaccharides onto activated charcoal, which will greatly promote the application of activated charcoal in the chitooligosaccharides separation and purification. We studied the effects of particle size of activated charcoal, pH of solution, contact time, temperature, and initial concentration of chitooligosaccharides on the adsorption behavior in batch mode experiments. Activated charcoal in fine particle size showed a high uptake of chitooligosaccharides. Weak alkaline solution (pH 8–9) was the most favorable to the adsorption. The adsorption equilibrium after 60 min was established, which followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacity ( Q max ) reached 0.195 g/g (chitooligosaccharides/activated charcoal) at 298 K. The adsorption was temperature-insensitive, and the adsorption isotherms could be best described by the Langmuir equation. Chitooligosaccharides adsorbed on activated charcoal could be desorbed in 50% ethanol solution in combination with an acidic condition (pH 2), reaching desorption efficiency of 96.0%. These findings are of great significance for the production and purification of amino oligosaccharides including chitooligosaccharides using activated charcoal.
研究领域:
生物化学
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食品科学与工程
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DOI
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2022
·
IF 8.025
Wen-Duo Wang,Chao Li,Chun Chen,Xiong Fu,Rui Hai Liu
There is fast increasing interest in the development of alimentary protein stabilized emulsions due to their potential applications in functional food fields. This work studied the effect of glycation degree with chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on the emulsifying properties of lactoferrin (LF) through Maillard reaction. In the present study, SDS-PAGE and FT-IR were used to confirm LF and COS covalently binding together successfully. Intrinsic fluorescence showed that glycation with COS led more hydrophobic groups exposed to the surface of the structure and particle size increase of LF. Emulsions with 50% ( v /v) oil phase and protein concentration of 2% ( w / v ) was fabricated through one-step shear method. Compared with native LF, emulsions stabilized by LF-COS conjugates showed smaller droplet size and lower creaming index (CI). Among these samples, LF-COS conjugates under 4 h had the best emulsifying efficiency and stability, the emulsion droplet size and the CI of which decreased 39.66% and 28.55% compared with LF, respectively. Furthermore, glycation with COS enhanced the interfacial activity of LF leading to more adsorbing amount and forming thicker layer on the droplets and gel network in the emulsions. This finding would make sense to further understand the modification of emulsifying properties of alimentary proteins through glycosylation with saccharides and develop novel protein-based emulsifiers.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2022
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IF 8.025
Ning Zhang,Xiaohui Zhu,Qiang Wang,Man Zhou,Ping Wang,Yuanyuan Yu
Textiles with efficient moisture management provide a comfortable microenvironment for human body. However, little attention has been paid to sweat-induced bacterial growth alongside. In this study, chitooligosaccharide (COS) was used to modify lysozyme (Lyz-COS) to obtain more excellent antibacterial activity . Lyz-COS could undergo an amyloid-like aggregation by reducing its disulfide bond and hydrogen bond triggered by thiourea dioxide (TD). The Phase-Transited Lyz-COS (PTL-COS) coating increases the hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties of wool fabrics, which can withstand 50 washing cycles and 100 rubbing cycles. In addition, two methods are proposed to customize Janus wool fabrics as desired. Method 1: The PTL-COS film was prepared first, and then the film was transferred to one side of the wool fabric. Method 2: Simply spray the PTL-COS solution on one side of the wool fabric. These two processes are simple to operate and can be customized on demand, enabling single transport of sweat and inhibiting sweat-induced bacterial growth. This work underlines the significance of chitooligosaccharide-modified PTL coatings for functionalization of textile surfaces and provides new insights into the development of more adaptable and smarter textiles and clothing.
研究领域:
纺织科学
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生物材料学
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DOI
高影响因子
REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
·
2016
·Vol. 45
·期 11
·661-666
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IF 0.412
Qu Daofeng,Han Jianzhong
The objective of this study was to analyze the antioxidant activities of chitooligosaccharides (COS) both in vitro and in high-fat diet (HFD)-mouse model. In antioxidant assays in HFD-mouse model, mice were administered with normal diet, HFD, or HFD with 0.5% COS for six weeks. The administration of HFD with 0.5% COS resulted in significant increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in stomach, liver, and serum of mice as compared with the HFD-fed group, which means that COS may have certain antioxidant activity and can restore the activity of the enzymes affected by the HFD. Through morphological measurements of the small intestinal mucosa, mice fed HFD showed decreased villus height compared with other groups. On the other hand, HFD with 0.5% COS group showed similar ratio of villus height to depth compared with control mice, indicating that intestinal integrity was improved when COS was added. Chitooligosaccharides have potent antioxidant activity that can protect mice from oxidative stress.
研究领域:
营养学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2020
·
IF 5.162
Sa Luo,Zhen Qin,Qiming Chen,Liqiang Fan,Lihua Jiang,Liming Zhao
Chitooligosaccharides (COS) are hydrolytic products of chitosan that are essential in functional food, medicine, and other fields due to their biological activities. Commercial COS are often prepared by the hydrolysis of chitosan by chitosanase. In this study, a glycoside hydrolase family 46 cluster B chitosanase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BaCsn46B) was efficiently expressed in Pichia pastoris . The recombinant enzyme was secreted into the culture medium that reached a total extracellular protein concentration of 4.5 g/L with an activity of 8907.2 U/mL in a high cell density fermenter (5 L). The molecular mass of deglycosylated BaCsn46B was 29.0 kDa. Purified BaCsn46B exhibited excellent enzymatic properties, which had high specific activity (2380.5 U/mg) under optimal reaction conditions (55 °C and pH 6.5). BaCsn46B hydrolyzed chitosan yielded a series of COS with different degrees of polymerization by endo-type cleavage. The end hydrolytic products of BaCsn46B were chitobiose and chitotriose, while no monosaccharide yield was evident in the hydrolytic reaction. The excellent secreted expression level and hydrolytic performance make the enzyme a desirable biocatalyst for the industrial preparation of COS.
研究领域:
生物化学
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食品科学
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医学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
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2021
·
IF 9.381
Xiaoguo Ji,Liangliang Zhu,Kunlin Chang,Ran Zhang,Yijia Chen,Hao Yin,Jiayang Jin,Liming Zhao
Consumption of chitooligosaccharides (COS) prevents intestinal microecological disorder. The mechanisms for the effects of different COS on the gut microbiota are currently unclear. This study examined the impact of COS with different degrees of polymerization (DPs) on the gut microbial community and metabolic profile. COS significantly promoted the growth of Bacteroidetes , and inhibited that of Proteobacteria, which were significantly correlated with DPs. COS3 and COS2 enriched the butyrate production in microbial communities composed of Clostridium and Parabacteroides . Microbial communities enriched by DPs 4–6 COS displayed increased diversity in differential metabolite function. Several biomarkers were distinguished significantly, including unsaturated fatty acids , bile acids , indoles and amines, which are mainly related to processes such as fatty acid synthesis and decomposition, bile acid modification, and tryptophan metabolism. The results display the relationship among COS structure-gut microbes-metabolomics, providing a new perspective for COS as a functional food to improve intestinal health.
研究领域:
营养学
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微生物学
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代谢组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）