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A Lithium-Metal Anode with Ultra-High Areal Capacity (50 mAh cm−2) by Gridding Lithium Plating/Stripping

Pan Xu,Xinyu Hu,Xiaoyu Liu,Xiaodong Lin,Xiaoxiang Fan,Xueyang Cui,Cui Sun,Qihui Wu,Xiaobing Lian,Ruming Yuan,Mingsen Zheng,Quanfeng Dong

ABSTRACT Lithium dendrites, “dead lithium”, infinite volume change and fragile solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) appear indefinitely during Li plating/stripping process, which severely resist the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, by a functionalized framework, a phosphorized copper mesh as support skeleton, the lithium plating/stripping has been gridded into zoning effect, thus a desired lithium anode with excellent performance and practical application significance can be achieved. The framework-based lithium anode showed multi-functions with many advantages: enhancing lithium affinity, mitigating volume expansion, improving the current distributions, and inducing uniform deposition of Li + . Thus, a highly reversible and dendrite-free lithium anode under large capacity could be successfully realized, which has been verified by operando optical dynamic test and COMSOL simulation. As expected, symmetric-cell displays low overpotential (~210 mV) at ultra-high current density of 20 mA cm −2 and long lifespan (>1600 h) at ultra-high areal capacity of 50 mAh cm −2 , moreover, full-cell delivers high cycling stability (2 C, 500 cycles) and outstanding rate performance with a lower polarization.