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Preparation of mixed-matrix membranes from metal organic framework (MIL-53) and poly (vinylidene fluoride) for use in determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in aqueous environments by high performance liquid chromatography

Jiping Ma,Shuang Li,Gege Wu,Shasha Wang,Xiaotong Guo,Liyan Wang,Xiaoyan Wang,Jinhua Li,Lingxin Chen

Novel mixed-matrix membranes (MMM) were prepared from metal-organic frameworks (MOF) (MIL-53) and poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), viz MIL-53–PVDF MMM, for the simultaneous dispersion membrane extraction (DME) of seven sulfonylurea herbicides (SUs) in aqueous environments followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determination. The MIL-53–PVDF MMM was well characterized and major factors influencing DME performances were systematically investigated including membrane type, MOF dosage, eluent type, solution pH, extraction/elution time and salinity, etc. Under optimal conditions, the MIL-53–PVDF MMM based DME coupled with HPLC exhibited excellent linearity within 0.03–10 μg L −1 for chlorimuronethyl and 0.01–10 μg L −1 for other six SUs individual. High enrichment factor of 250 was obtained, as well as low detection limits and quantification limits ranged from 3.75 to 10.30 ng L −1 and 12.49–34.30 ng L −1 , respectively. Furthermore, the method attained high recoveries of 77.20–111.00% at three spiking levels of SUs, with relative standard deviations of 1.28–14.67% in tap water, seawater and surface water samples. Additionally, the MMM was readily separated from water and well regenerated, and could keep about 80% recovery after 25 cycles. Compared to that reported extraction materials, the MIL-53–PVDF MMM possessed the advantages of high enrichment ability, excellent reusability, good practicality and easy separation, indicating it was a promising alternative for the enrichment of SUs from aqueous environments.