FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2023
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IF 8.8
Yiran Wang,Qiya Yang,Esa Abiso Godana,Yu Zhang,Hongyin Zhang
Penicillium expansum is a pathogen causing enormous postharvest losses of fruits, especially apples. In this study, we first investigated the morphological changes of P. expansum within apple wounds during infectious process by microscopic observation. We found that conidia swelled and secreted potential hydrophobin in 4 h, germinated in 8 h, and finally formed conidiophores in 36 h, a critical control time point to prevent the second contamination of spores. We then compared the transcript accumulation of P. expansum in apple tissues and liquid culture at 12 h. In total, 3168 and 1318 up-regulated and down-regulated genes were identified. Among them, genes regarding the biosynthesis of substances such as ergosterol, organic acid, cell wall degrading enzymes, and patulin were induced in expression. Pathways were activated, including autophagy, the mitogen-activated protein kinase, and pectin degradation. Our findings provide insights into the lifestyle and the mechanisms of P. expansum invading apple fruits.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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真菌生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 7
Jianheng Guo,Yue Xu,Sunyan Liang,Zhengkun Zhou,Chunmei Zhang,Kui Li,Xue Peng,Sheng Qin,Ke Xing
Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes gray mold disease in more than 1400 plant species. The biocontrol effect of microbial volatile compounds on postharvest diseases has become a research hotspot. This study revealed the biocontrol effects of volatiles released by Bacillus tequilensis XK29 on B. cinerea in vitro and in vivo . The results showed that the strain XK29 volatiles inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea . The inhibition effect of strain XK29 volatiles against B. cinerea was increased by optimizing the wheat seeds weight, suspension concentration and inoculation volume of strain XK29, and the pre-culture time. The volatiles of strain XK29 affected the mycelial development, the formation of conidia , and the metabolic activity of B. cinerea . Selected individual monomers and artificial mixtures showed strong antifungal activity against B. cinerea. The volatiles of strain XK29 reduced the lesion diameter and disease severity of cherry tomatoes after inoculation with B. cinerea. These results indicate that the fumigation with B. tequilensis XK29 volatiles is a promising approach to protect cherry tomatoes from gray mold disease. This is also the first study to prove the antifungal effect of B. tequilensis on B. cinerea and its biocontrol effect on postharvest cherry tomatoes.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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微生物学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Fungi
·
2024
·Vol. 10
·期 8
·521
·
IF 4.2
Guang Wang,Xu Zhang,Guangzu Du,Wenqian Wang,Yunhao Yao,Sitong Jin,Haosheng Cai,Yuejin Peng,Bin Chen
Metarhizium rileyiis a wide spread insect fungi with a good biocontrol potentiality to various pests, particularly noctuid insects. However, it is characterized by its slow growth, its sensitivity to abiotic stress, and the slow speed of kill to pests, which hinder its use compared with other entomopathogenic fungi. In this study, the responses ofM. rileyito eight types of lipids were observed; among the lipids, oleic acid and linoleic acid significantly promoted the growth and development ofM. rileyiand enhanced its stress tolerances and virulence. An additional mechanistic study demonstrated that exogenous oleic acid and linoleic acid significantly improved the conidial germination, appressorium formation, cuticle degradation, and cuticle infection, which appear to be largely dependent on the up-regulation of gene expression in growth, development, protective, and cuticle-degrading enzymes. In conclusion, exogenous oleic acid and linoleic acid enhanced the stress tolerances and virulence ofM. rileyivia protecting conidial germination and promoting cuticle infection. These results provide new insights for the biopesticide development ofM. rileyi.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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微生物学
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生物技术
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害虫管理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 3.963
Chao Xu,Hongzhou Chen,Qinyan Wu,Yuqi Wu,Paul Daly,Jian Chen,Hongfu Yang,Lihui Wei,Yiqing Zhuang
Fusarium head blight( FHB )caused by Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC) is one of the most important diseases around the world. Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a type of mycotoxin produced by FGSC when infecting cereal crops . It is a serious threat to the health of both humans and livestock. Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase ( TPP ), a conserved metabolic enzyme found in many plants and pathogens, catalyzes the formation of trehalose. N-(phenylthio) phthalimide (NPP) has been reported to inhibit the normal growth of nematodes by inhibiting the activity of TPP , but this inhibitor of nematodes has not previously been tested against F. graminearum . In this study, we found that TPP in F. graminearum (Fg TPP ) had similar secondary structures and conserved cysteine (Cys356) to nematodes by means of bioinformatics. At the same time, the sensitivity of F. graminearum strains to NPP was determined. NPP exhibited a better inhibitory effect on conidia germination than mycelial growth . In addition, the effects of NPP on DON biosynthesis and trehalose biosynthesis pathway in PH-1 were also determined. We found that NPP decreased DON production, trehalose content, glucose content and TPP enzyme activity but increased trehalose-6-phosphate content and trehalose-6-phosphate synthase ( TPS ) enzyme activity. Moreover, the expression of TR I 1 , TR I 4 , TR I 5 , TR I 6 , and TPP genes were downregulated, on the contrary, the TPS gene was upregulated. Finally, in order to further determine the control ability of NPP on DON production in the field, we conducted a series of field experiments, and found that NPP could effectively reduce the DON content in wheat grain and had a general control effect on FHB. In conclusion, the research in this study will provide important theoretical basis for controlling FHB caused by F. graminearum and reducing DON production in the field.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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真菌学
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农学
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毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Fungi
·
2023
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·94
·
IF 4.7
Azizullah,Muhammad Noman,Yizhou Gao,Hui Wang,Xiaohui Xiong,Jiajing Wang,Dayong Li,Fengming Song
SUMOylation is an essential protein modification process that regulates numerous crucial cellular and biochemical processes in phytopathogenic fungi, and thus plays important roles in multiple biological functions. The present study characterizes the SUMOylation pathway components, including SMT3 (SUMO), AOS1 (an E1 enzyme), UBC9 (an E2 enzyme), and MMS21 (an E3 ligase), inFusarium oxysporumf. sp.niveum(Fon), the causative agent of watermelon Fusarium wilt, in terms of the phylogenetic relationship, gene/protein structures, and basic biological functions. The SUMOylation components FonSMT3, FonAOS1, FonUBC9, and FonMMS21 are predominantly located in the nucleus.FonSMT3,FonAOS1,FonUBC9, andFonMMS21are highly expressed in the germinating macroconidia, but their expression is downregulated gradually in infected watermelon roots with the disease progression. The disruption ofFonUBA2andFonSIZ1seems to be lethal inFon. The deletion mutant strains forFonSMT3,FonAOS1,FonUBC9, andFonMMS21are viable, but exhibit significant defects in vegetative growth, asexual reproduction, conidial morphology, spore germination, responses to metal ions and DNA-damaging agents, and apoptosis. The disruption ofFonSMT3,FonAOS1,FonUBC9, andFonMMS21enhances sensitivity to cell wall-perturbing agents, but confers tolerance to digestion by cell wall-degrading enzymes. Furthermore, the disruption ofFonSMT3,FonAOS1, andFonUBC9negatively regulates autophagy inFon. Overall, these results demonstrate that the SUMOylation pathway plays vital roles in regulating multiple basic biological processes inFon, and, thus, can serve as a potential target for developing a disease management approach to control Fusarium wilt in watermelon.Keywords:asexual reproduction;cell death;cell wall integrity;Fusarium oxysporumf. sp.niveum;mycelial growth;stress response;SUMOylation pathway;watermelon
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
·
真菌遗传学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Fungal Biology
·
2023
·
IF 2.5
Jiaxin Liu,Canying Li,Chenyang Zhang,Rui Huang,Linhong Qu,Yonghong Ge
Black spot rot caused by Alternaria alternata is one of the major postharvest disease of apple fruit during logistic. This study evaluated in vitro inhibitory effect of 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (PLA) at various concentrations on A. alternata and the possible mechanisms involved in its action. Results showed that different concentrations of PLA inhibited conidia germination and mycelial growth of A. alternata in vitro, and 1.0 g L −1 was the lowest effective concentration to suppress A. alternata growth. Moreover, PLA significantly reduced relative conductivity and increased malondialdehyde and soluble protein contents. PLA also increased H 2 O 2 and dehydroascorbic acid contents, but reduced ascorbic acid content. Additionally, PLA treatment inhibited catalase , ascorbate peroxidase , monodehydroascorbate acid reductase, dehydroascorbic acid reductase and glutathione reductase activities, whereas promoted superoxide dismutase activity. All these findings suggest that the possible mechanisms involved in the inhibitory effect of PLA on A. alternata included damaging the cell membrane integrity to cause electrolyte leakage and destroying reactive oxygen species balance.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
微生物学
·
采后生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）