To enhance the nutritional value ofAcanthopanax senticosusleaves (AL), a fermentation process was conducted using a probioticBacillusmixture, and the changes in chemical constituents and biological activities before and after fermentation were compared. A response surface methodology was employed to optimize the liquid fermentation conditions of AL based on their influence on polyphenol content. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis was performed using LC-MS/MS to reveal the differing profiles of compounds before and after fermentation. The results indicated thatBacillus subtilisLK andBacillus amyloliquefaciensM2 significantly influenced polyphenol content during fermentation. The optimal fermentation conditions were determined to be a fermentation time of 54 h, a temperature of 39.6 °C, and an inoculum size of 2.5% (v/v). In comparison to unfermented AL, the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, as well as the free radical scavenging capacities measured by DPPH and ABTS assays, and the activities of β-glucosidase and endo-glucanase, were significantly increased. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis identified 1348 metabolites, of which 829 were classified as differential metabolites. A correlation analysis between the differential metabolites of polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity revealed that 13 differential metabolites were positively correlated with antioxidant activity. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the differential metabolites identified 82 pathways, with two of the top 25 metabolic pathways related to flavonoids. This study explores the potential for enhancing the active ingredients and biological effects of AL through probiotic fermentation usingBacillusstrains.
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. leaves are commonly used to alleviate neurological disorders. This study aims to screen the effective components that regulate Parkinson's disease model cells. Firstly, the HPLC fingerprints of E. senticosus leaf extracts were established. Meanwhile, a significant modulatory effect of E. senticosus leaf extract on the ROS and GSH levels, cell activity, and antioxidant enzyme activities (GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT) in MPP + -induced astrocytes was confirmed. Then, using ROS and GSH as pharmacodynamic indicators and combining bivariate correlation analysis, gray relationship analysis, and partial least squares regression analysis, caffeic acid, eleutheroside E, and isoquercetin were identified as the effective components for regulating PD model cells. This was validated by measuring the levels of ROS, GSH, MDA and GSH-Px. Finally, the key target of the effective components-STAT3-was identified through network pharmacology. And the interaction between the effective components and STAT3 was revealed by using molecular docking technology. These results can provide a basis for the product development of E. senticosus leaves for the regulation of Parkinson's disease.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）