INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Yali Wang,Wenjin Xu,Qinshan Liu,Han Guo,Xiahui Gui,Yaowen Xing
Bubble detachment plays a crucial role in preventing excessive accumulation in gas–liquid reactors and improving the mass transfer efficiency. This study investigates the effect of surface hydrophobicity on bubble detachment induced by coalescence through high-speed dynamic experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that on surfaces with low hydrophobicity (contact angles of 15 and 25°), bubbles detach because the inner contact line contracts relatively slowly, allowing the outer contact line to coalescence quickly. In contrast, on highly hydrophobic surfaces (contact angles of 35 and 45°), the simultaneous contraction of both the inner and outer contact lines prevents bubble jumping. Numerical simulations indicate that low-hydrophobicity surfaces generate sufficient kinetic energy through the pressure gradient. As hydrophobicity increases, some of the energy is dissipated through liquid-film drainage, weakening internal convection and reducing the intensity of the upward flow, which ultimately prevents bubble detachment. Energy analysis further indicates that bubble coalescence shows a weak dependence on the Bo number, while the magnitude of the adhesion energy is the key factor determining bubble jumping. When the adhesion energy exceeds approximately 20% of the released surface energy, the coalesced bubble is unable to detach.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
流体力学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2018
·Vol. 47
·期 6
·2420-2431
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IF 5.5
Zhu Zhendong,Li Rongnan,Ma Gongzhen,Bai Wenjing,Fan Xiaoteng,Lv Yinghua,Luo Jun,Zeng Wenxian
Background/Aims: ATP is essential for mammalian sperm to survive and maintain fertilizing capacity. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a sensor of cellular energy status. The aims of the present study were to explore the localization of AMPK in goat sperm and to investigate whether and how AMPK regulates sperm functions in vitro. Methods: Sperm were treated with AMPK modulators (AICAR, metformin and Compound C) during incubation. Sperm motility was assessed with a computer-assisted spermatozoa analysis system (CASA). Membrane integrity, acrosome reaction and mitochondrial membrane potentials were detected by SYBR-14/PI, FITC-PNA and JC-1 staining, respectively. And the lactate content, ATP content, AMPK activity, activity of pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were also measured with the commercial assay kits. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the distribution of PK, LDH, AMPK and phospho-Thr172-AMPK in sperm. The role of AMPK was further studied during induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction. Results: We found that AMPKα was localized in the entire acrosomal region, the midpiece and the flagellum, while the phospho-Thr172-AMPK was distributed in the head, the midpiece and flagellum. Activation of AMPK by AICAR and metformin significantly improved sperm motility, membrane integrity and acrosome reaction, largely maintained sperm mitochondrial membrane potentials, lactate content and ATP content, and enhanced the activity of AMPK, PK and LDH, whereas inhibition by Compound C triggered the converse effects. Moreover, PK was localized in the acrosomal area and the midpiece, while LDH was distributed in the tail. Induction of capacitation and acrosome reaction led to AMPK phosphorylation. AMPK phosphorylation regulated the activity of energetic enzymes. Conclusion: This study for the first time provides evidence that AMPK governs goat sperm functions through energy metabolism in vitro. This finding will help to improve assisted reproductive techniques in goats and the other species
研究领域:
生殖生物学
·
分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 15.7
Wang Xin,Xia Neng,Pan Chengfeng,Zhao Jinsheng,Hao Bo,Su Lin,Jin Dongdong,Xu Qingsong,Liu Xurui,Hou Xingyu,Zhang Li
Water surface jumping motions of semi-aquatic insects are primarily rely on surface tension-dominated jumping mechanism to achieve impressive jumping performance. However, this mechanism faces an inherent physical constraint: the propulsion force must remain below the threshold required to break the water surface, limiting efficient momentum acquisition. Herein, we present a water surface jumping strategy that addresses the limitations of surface tension-dominated mechanism. Our approach allows the engineered jumper to achieve a record-breaking jumping height of 18 body lengths (63 cm) and take-off velocity of 100.6 body length/s (3.52 m/s). This strategy is built on three key design principles: (I) superhydrophobic body for floating on water surface, (II) light-weight, high-power actuation module capable of providing significant propulsion force within an ultrashort time, (III) well-engineered momentum transmission system for efficient kinetic energy transfer. The developed soft jumper based on these design principles advances the development of water environment related robotics.
研究领域:
仿生学
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机器人学
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流体力学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Qiulan Xia,Maoyang Ran,Lihe Zhou,Zhongwei Liu,Lin Cai
BACKGROUND Ralstonia solanacearum , a notorious and refractory bacterial plant pathogen, threatens multiple vegetable crops and causes significant economic loss in agriculture. Long-term use of traditional medicines not only increases the problem of drug resistance, but also causes great environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new agents with high efficacy and low toxicity. RESULTS In this study, we have synthesized and characterized graphitic carbon nitride incorporated copper oxide composite (g-C 3 N 4 @CuO), which showed higher antimicrobial effect than graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs). Ralstonia solanacearum exposed to g-C 3 N 4 @CuO exhibited higher levels of oxygen toxicity, cell membrane damage, DNA damage, motility disruption and even cell death compared to g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets and CuONPs. In addition, g-C 3 N 4 @CuO was more effective in the control of tobacco bacterial wilt than g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets and CuONPs. CONCLUSION Thus, this study provides a new perspective on g-C 3 N 4 @CuO control of bacterial diseases in crops, and the mechanism is related to the destruction of cell membrane damage and motility disruption. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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微生物学
·
农业科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2020
·
IF 5.578
Yong Zhang,Hongzheng Zhu,Jinbo Zhu,Qinghui Shi,Jianqiang Yin,Dongyang Xu,Alejandro Lόpez Valdivieso
Understanding the generation behavior of kerosene droplets is an important precursor for predicting the kerosene-mineral adsorption. Using a high-speed motion acquisition system, we investigated the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of kerosene droplet with different size capillaries. As the capillary inner diameter increased, the formation time of the kerosene droplet become longer, and the width/height value decreased. The width/height value of the kerosene column roughly increased as the capillary inner diameter decreased due to the variation in the buoyancy, gravity and surface tension. The kinetic energy per unit superficial area (E k /S) of the kerosene droplet firstly decreased sharply as the capillary inner diameter increased and then remained almost constant. The energy barrier on the kaolinite, quartz, montmorillonite and coal surfaces was found easy to be overcome by E k /S independently of capillary inner diameter, and the energy barrier on the mica surface could be overcome if the capillary inner diameter was smaller than 0.50 mm. A predictive model of the formation condition of deuterogenic kerosene droplet was established, and the critical capillary inner diameter for forming a deuterogenic kerosene droplet was predicted to be approximately 0.29 mm. This aspect of kerosene droplet characteristics has not been well represented in the earlier literature. The results can provide valuable insight into the development of technology for surfactant adsorption and mineral flotation.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
表面科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Yang Chen,Yuxiang Liu,Runze Yu,Yingshuai Zhao,Juntong Lu,Gang Chen,Yijun Zheng,Chunhong Ye
Polymer-based soft actuators capable of responsive shape morphing hold great potential for developing untethered soft robotics with dexterous motion under complex surroundings. To realize this potential, achieving fast, dynamically tunable shape morphing that can generate sufficient mechanical force is essential. Here, soft actuators composed of liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) bilayer film are constructed via direct ink writing (DIW), which exhibit rapid and sequential 3D-to-3D́ morphological reconfiguration within seconds under temperature stimulus. The dynamic shape morphing is facilitated by the bidirectional bending of the LCE film, which possesses anisotropic mesogen orientation and distinct phase transition temperatures. By balancing the two LCE layers in terms of differential contraction, layer sequence, and two-dimensional (2D) geometry, its bending directions, amplitude, and sequence can be programmed, thus enabling diverse three-dimensional (3D) shape reconfigurations, such as biomimetic “orchid” blooming and “palm” gesture switching. Beyond shape morphing, the LCE actuator is capable of converting shape morphing into rotational kinetic energy in different directions. As a prototype, it generates sufficient torque to drive the rotation of an LCE rotor, exhibiting switchable clockwise, “self-oscillating”, and anticlockwise motions. With the merits of dynamic shape morphing and mechanical energy harvesting, the LCE actuator presents a promising platform for advancing soft robotics with adaptive and diverse locomotion for performing tasks in complex environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
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软体机器人学
·
智能材料
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 5.64
Hongzheng Zhu,Yong Zhang,Gaochao Pan,Fan Yang,Jun Chen,Fanfei Min,Jinbo Zhu
The drainage and rupture of solution/frother interface is a prerequisite to predict the adsorption of frother onto the bubble surface. Using a high-speed motion acquisition system, we investigated the dynamic penetration of bubble at the solution/frother interface under four factors that height, capillary inner diameter, ion concentration and ionic valence. Since the kinetic energy of bubble was proportional to the radius and rising velocity, the kinetic energy increased with increasing the height and capillary inner diameter while decreased with increasing the ion concentration and ionic valence. The variation of kinetic energy followed the order: capillary inner diameter > ion concentration > height > ionic valence. The drainage time of the bubble at the solution/frother interface was found to decrease as the kinetic energy increased independently of these factors, indicating that the rupture of the hydration film was significantly influenced by the kinetic energy. A solution column caused by the bubble penetrating the solution/frother interface was observed. The column height increased as the kinetic energy increased for the factors of height and capillary while an opposite trend was presented by the factors of ion concentration and ionic valence. IFT was discussed to be the essential reason for the difference in the penetration. IFT of the solution/air interface increased as the ion concentration increased independently of ion species, and the IFT of different interfaces followed the order: solution/air > frother/air > solution/frother. Our results can provide valuable insight into the development of technology for surfactant adsorption and mineral flotation .
研究领域:
化学工程
·
矿物加工工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Separations
·
2022
·Vol. 9
·期 5
·130
·
IF 3.344
Bin Xu,Haotian Qin,Lu Chen
The effective purification of corrosive gases at the cathode air stream side is essential for proton exchange membrane fuel cells’ performance in real-world applications. Gas molecular diffusion depth along the pore channel is a sufficient parameter that determines the effectiveness of the porous purification media. The collision between gas molecules and pore surfaces is the crucial determinant of the diffusion depth. An analytical model was developed to predict the gas molecular diffusion depth in the pore channels. Two different crystal sizes of UiO-66 were synthesized to validate against the model result and empirically determine the diffusion depths. The parametric effects of the mean free path, molecular kinetic energy, and molecular polarity on molecular diffusivity were assessed. A smaller molecular mean free path and greater molecular kinetic energy were favorable for larger diffusion depth, owing to the fewer collisions and enhanced bounces after collisions. Greater molecular polarity led to shorter diffusion depth due to the enhanced van der Waals force between molecules and pore surfaces.Keywords:gas diffusion;porous adsorption;mean free path;molecular kinetic energy;molecular polarity
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Jingxue Wang,Yanting Liang,Zichen Wang,Bingjie Huo,Chao Liu,Xiaxia Chen,Hongwei Xu,Dongmei Li,Zhaoyou Zhu,Yinglong Wang,Fanqing Meng
Using water flow energy in the environment for water treatment is a feasible solution to alleviate energy shortages and environmental pollution. This work prepared a Cu 2 O@MoS 2 /PVDF modified pipeline with superior piezoelectric properties for norfloxacin (NOR) degradation. The piezoelectric coefficient d 33 of Cu 2 O@MoS 2 /PVDF increased by 27.7 % compared with PVDF. The piezoelectric current response test demonstrated that Cu 2 O@MoS 2 /PVDF had a higher current response than PVDF. FTIR showed that the presence of Cu 2 O@MoS 2 significantly increased the piezoelectric β -phase content of PVDF. The Cu 2 O@MoS 2 /PVDF pipeline exhibited the best degradation efficiency of 99.3 % within 40 min when the flow rate reached 1.389 L min −1 . O 2 – and OH have been shown to play an important role in NOR degradation and the possible degradation mechanism and pathways of NOR were proposed. This work provides a promising method for the efficient and green treatment of organic pollutants in water by using water flow energy and has practical application significance.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Food Bioscience
·
2025
·
IF 5.9
Haotian Zhao,Wenlong Sun,Wenfei Cai,Chang Liu,Wei Wang,Naiyan Lu
This study investigated the effects of Arctium lappa L. polysaccharides (ALP) on exercise performance and gut microbiota composition in mice subjected to acute sleep deprivation (SD) with a focus on the gut-muscle axis. The results revealed that ALP significantly enhanced the forelimb grip strength and muscle endurance in SD mice, thereby improving their overall exercise capacity. Additionally, ALP regulated the energy metabolism by increasing blood glucose, liver glycogen, and muscle glycogen levels, while simultaneously reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Histological analysis revealed that ALP strengthened intestinal barrier function by promoting the expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin. In terms of gut microbiota, ALP increased the Alpha diversity of the gut microbiota and optimized its structure. Notably, ALP significantly elevated the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia and Muribaculaceae, while inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria like Colidextribacter and Lachnoclostridium. These findings suggest that ALP improves the exercise capacity and overall health of SD mice by modulating the gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function, providing new insights into the use of dietary interventions to alleviate health issues caused by sleep deprivation.
研究领域:
营养学
·
微生物学
·
运动生理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Nano
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 5
·1398-1407
·
IF 8.131
Hua Lei,Meixuan Wu,Fan Mo,Shilong Ji,Xiaoping Dong,Yanmin Jia,Feifei Wang,Zheng Wu
Mechanical energy harvesting by piezoelectric materials to drive catalysis reactions has recently received extensive attention for fuel production and environmental remediation. It has been well known that some two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin structures which are not piezoelectric in bulk become intrinsically piezoelectric because of the loss of centrosymmetry. In this work, we synthesized a nanosheet-like 2D g-C3N4 catalyst with a thickness of 3–5 nm that showed a significant piezoelectric response. The ultrasound-vibration-induced interior piezoelectric field drove electrons and holes to migrate in opposite directions towards the surface of nanosheets, leading to the formation of active species. This 2D g-C3N4 presented excellent piezocatalytic performance for the degradation of dichlorophenols, and the decomposition efficiency for 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP) and 2,6-dichlorophenol (2,6-DCP) reached 98.5%, 85.5%, and 72.1%, respectively, after a 150 min ultrasonic treatment. Furthermore, the good stability and reusability of the 2D g-C3N4 were demonstrated, and a possible degradation pathway was proposed based on the determined intermediates. The findings in this work clearly reveal that the metal-free 2D g-C3N4 should be a promising catalyst to efficiently remove organic pollutants from the environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Energy
·
2018
·
IF 13.12
Jin Tan,Jialong Duan,Yuanyuan Zhao,Benlin He,Qunwei Tang
It is a challenge to harvest ocean wave energy by electrokinetic principle. We present here film-type generators made of carbon for wave energy harvest. The electrical signals arise from charge transportation along percolating channels driven by moving electric double-layer boundary at generator/seawater interfaces. Both voltage and current outputs are maximized by optimizing carbon dosage, wave frequency, hoisting angle and seawater temperature, producing a voltage of > 20 mV and a current of > 10 microamp from a 15 cm 2 -sized generator. We illustrate the electricity can be scaled up through series and parallel connections of multiple generators. Upon persistently rushing by waves, these film-type generators are stable over several hours. This approach to ocean wave energy harvest provides new opportunities for unprecedented low-investment, scalable power outputs and high stability.
研究领域:
能源材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）