Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-Chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Lei Han,Zhaochun Jiang,Xuefei Zhang,Xiaomao Wu
Rosa roxburghii (R. roxburghii) is a unique, edible, medicinal fruit rich in vitamin C found in Southwest China. Triadimefon (TDF) is a triazole fungicide that is widely used to control powdery mildew in R. roxburghii. To assess the safety of TDF in R. roxburghii, an LC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of TDF and its major metabolite, triadimenol (TDN) in R. roxburghii. Both TDF and TDN showed high correlation coefficients (>0.999) for the solvent- and matrix-matched calibrations. The recovery rates of TDF and TDN in R. roxburghii ranged from 90.18% to 100.42%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.25%–9.22%. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.01 mg·kg−1. The half-life of TDF in R. roxburghii was between 2.74 and 3.07 days, with terminal residues ranging from < LOQ to 1.84 mg·kg−1. Recommended maximum residue limits (MRLs) and safe pre-harvest intervals (PHIs) for TDF in R. roxburghii were 0.5 mg·kg−1 and 21 days, respectively. This study provides essential data for TDF’s safe and judicious use in R. roxburghii production.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
分析化学
·
食品安全
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Processes & Impacts
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Jiawen Ji,Siyue Zhu,Xinping Hu,Jianhui Zhu,Sen Pang,Yongqiang Ma,Xuefeng Li
Abamectin is one of the most widely used pesticides globally, known for its effectiveness in protecting crops and animal health. However, the residual risk of abamectin in agricultural products and the environment may be exacerbated by other pollutants, indicating greater potential hazards. One such emerging environmental pollutant is N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), a common tire antioxidant found in various environments, including agricultural products and human urine. Our study first revealed the co-existence of 6PPD and abamectin in water and soil, and demonstrated that 6PPD significantly enhances the residual persistence of abamectin in environmental media and vegetables. Specifically, 6PPD extended the half-life of abamectin by 79% in pak choi and by 70% in cabbage. Additionally, 6PPD increased the photolysis half-life of abamectin in water by 191% and by 50% on soil surfaces. Furthermore, 6PPD also prolonged the photolysis half-life of four other macrolides in water. This study reveals the mechanism through which 6PPD extends the half-life of abamectin: by scavenging free radicals and inhibiting hydroxylation and oxidation, thus slowing its degradation. And this paper highlights that 6PPD significantly exacerbates the environmental risks and food safety issue associated with abamectin. Moreover, it provides valuable insights for studying the safe use of pesticides in complex environments with multiple contaminants.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
农药安全
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Yanming Wang,Ailin Wang,Shiwei Liu,Lu Li,Yue Liu,Yuxiang Liu,Genkuo Nie,Shuangxi Nie,Shuangquan Yao,Hailong Yu
The introduction of specific choline chloride (ChCl)- and betaine (Bet)-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) into the conventional acetic acid–sodium acetate solution led to a significant increase in cellulase activity and stability. In particular, a higher enhancement in β-glucosidase activity was obtained, which plays a key role in improving cellulase function. The DESs prolonged the half-life of cellulase. The addition of 10 % (v/v) ChCl/1,3-propanediol (1:2) and 5 % (v/v) Bet/glycerol (1:2) resulted in the most significant improvement, with the half-life of cellulase reaching three times the initial half-life value. The above both DESs allowed the cellulase to maintain an excellent level of activity over time, even after 72 h. The DESs tightened the structure of the enzyme by changing its secondary structure, which had a stabilizing effect on the overall conformation. The density functional theory calculations of DESs revealed that the DES with a more stable structure more effectively protected the active conformation. The molecular dynamics simulation on β-glucosidase indicated that the hydrogen bond donor end of the DES primarily formed hydrogen bonds with the enzyme, which induced a spatially compact conformation by increasing the α-helix content while reducing the β-sheet content. It also restricted the movement of amino acids, particularly stabilizing the active site, and increased the hydrophilic region, thereby enhancing enzyme activity and stability. In addition, the DES formed a protective layer that prevented the unproductive adsorption of lignin on the enzymes during the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic feedstocks. These multiple improvements provided by DESs significantly increased the enzymatic saccharification efficiency of corn stover and poplar .
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生资源与环境
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 1.4
Yixiang Zhang,Shilong Feng,Yuhui Jing,Junhua Bai
High expansion (Hi-Ex) foam is recommended to suppress the leakage and diffusion of cryogenic liquid due to its light weight and large volume. However, the disadvantages of low stability and high break rate under environmental conditions are all limited the further application in vapor mitigation and fire extinguishing. So that, this paper focus on the effect and mechanism of nanoparticles in stabilizing Hi-Ex foam. Three kinds of nanoparticles with different concentration were selected to evaluate the effect of foam half-life and the mechanism of particles on improving the foam stability. The results indicated that different particle concentrations can improve the foam stability to a specific extent, and the maximum improving of half-life can increase by 95.4% in the presence of the hydrophilic SiO 2 at .5 wt%. Meanwhile, the hydrophilicity, size, and morphology of the particles have a specific impact on the foam stability. The foam expansion rate first increased and then decreased. From the microscopic point of view, the bubble size gradually increases with time by two processes of ripening and coalescence and satisfied in a logarithmic distribution. While, the liquid film thickness remarkably decreases due to foam drainage without particles and the adsorption and accumulation of nanoparticles on foam lamella can provide a spatial barrier for the film thinning and the inter bubble diffusion. Finally, the microscopic interaction mechanism on improving the foam stability has been further explored and revealed in these two aspects.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Environmental Technology & Innovation
·
2022
·
IF 7.758
Jianqiang Sun,Haofeng Zhu,Xindong Yang,Yan Zheng,Tianchi Sun,Honglei Xu,Jiaqi Meng,Anping Zhang
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are ubiquitous in agricultural soil and crops because of the widespread application of plastic films containing PAEs. The enzymes play critical roles in the elimination of pollutants from environmental matrices. In an attempt to evaluate the effect of enzymes on the degradation of various PAEs, this study investigated the enzyme-catalyzed reaction kinetics of seven selected PAE congeners in water and soil. Carboxylesterase and lipase catalyzed the transformation of PAEs to monoalkyl phthalate esters and phthalic acid with the half-life ranges of 4.78–126.03 h. PAEs with long-alkyl-chain were more recalcitrant to carboxylesterase and lipase-catalyzed degradation, and PAEs with short alkyl chains were relatively easier to be degraded by the two enzymes. The results indicate that the alkyl chain length had a profound effect on the enzyme-catalyzed degradation of PAEs. The reaction rates and half-lives were significantly correlated with the log Kow value ( p < 0.01), which was dominated by the molecular structure. The results obtained in this work are expected to well guide the application of carboxylesterase and lipase in the remediation of waterbody contaminated by various PAEs. With respect to soil, they can be well used in the remediation, exposure, and risk assessment of paddy soil. However, the application of the results in the remediation of other soils might lead to the risk of a low removal ratio.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2021
·
IF 6.291
Yan Fu,Quansheng Wang,Liang Zhang,Shuping Ling,Huiyan Jia,Yinliang Wu
The residual behaviors and dietary risk probability of 12 pesticides in Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo cultivated at two representative locations under green house conditions were investigated using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Field trials showed that the half-lives of 12 pesticides ranged from 0.9 to 14.4 days in fresh D. officinale stems. Based on maximum residue levels (MRLs), the ultimate residues of imidacloprid, dimethomorph, metalaxyl, tebuconazole, and cyazofamid at a pre-harvest interval (PHI) of 28 days were within acceptable limits. For abamectin, indoxacarb, and difenoconazole, 35-day PHIs were needed. The PHIs of trifloxystrobin and fluopyram were 42 days, the time required for their residues to be reduced to an MRL of 4 mg/kg. The chronic and acute risk quotients of target pesticides at PHIs of 28–42 days were below 5.929% and 0.532%, respectively, showing that the evaluated D. officinale exhibited an acceptably low dietary risk to the general population.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
·
2022
·
IF 5.589
Zhe Wang,Xin Chen,Duanxiu Li,Enhe Bai,Hailu Zhang,Yanwen Duan,Yong Huang
Co-amorphous technology is an emerging approach for pharmaceutical engineering of drugs and drug leads with improved physicochemical properties and bioavailability. Platensimycin (PTM) is a promising natural antibiotic lead that acts on bacterial fatty acid synthase and exhibits excellent antibacterial activity . Despite great strides to improve its poor pharmacokinetics by medicinal chemistry and nanotechnology, there are no convenient oral delivery systems developed. Here, a co-amorphous system of PTM and berberine chloride (BCL) was developed for oral delivery of PTM. Co-amorphous PTM-BCL was prepared by rotary vacuum evaporation method, and systematically characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry , Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared with PTM or BCL alone, the equilibrium solubility and dissolution rate of both of them in the co-amorphous systems decreased significantly, showing the characteristics of sustained release . The molecular interactions between PTM and BCL were mediated by strong charged-mediated hydrogen bonds , based on FTIR, XPS, and NMR-based techniques. The co-amorphous PTM-BCL system showed excellent physiochemical stability at room and elevated (40 °C) temperature under dry conditions. The combination of PTM and BCL showed increased killing of a clinical isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain in killing checkerboard assays. Finally, co-amorphous PTM-BCL exhibited 2- or 3-fold longer half-life in rats than that of crystalline and amorphous PTM upon oral administration, respectively. Our study suggests a rational approach to realize the full potential of potent antibiotic PTM, which may be conveniently adapted for engineering of other important pharmaceutics.
研究领域:
药学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Dan Zhao,Jianguo Liu,Yiqi Yang,Jiaxin Zhang,Hong Zhang,Xinxin Meng,Weiming Ren,Zhongbin Lu,Zhiguang Hou,Zhou Lu
An analytical method was developed for the determination of cyazofamid (CZFM) and its metabolite CCIM in rice, employing magnetic zirconia nanoparticles (MZNPs) for sample cleanup. MZNPs were synthesized through a one-step hydrothermal process and characterized by multiple techniques. Samples of rice plant, rice hull, and brown rice were extracted using acetonitrile/water, followed by salting out. MZNPs removed the most coextract compared with primary secondary amine (PSA) and zirconia-coated silica (Z-Sep). Satisfactory recoveries (79.6–95.7%; n = 5) of the analytes were acquired with RSDs less than 9.6%. The linearity was good (r > 0.999) over 0.001–1 mg L–1. The LOQs were 0.01 mg kg–1. The dissipation and residues of CZFM were studied as the method application. Half-lives of CZFM in rice plants were calculated to be 4.5–9.8 days. At harvest, residues of CZFM > LOQ were not detected in brown rice, indicating a low dietary risk.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·
IF 1.974
Ting Wang,Baohua Shen,Hejian Wu,Jingying Hu,Huili Xu,Min Shen,Ping Xiang
Methamphetamine (MA) and amphetamine (AM) are widely abused drugs. These compounds contain a chiral center, and their enantiomers exhibit different pharmacologic, pharmacokinetic, and metabolic properties due to differences in binding affinities to their receptor sites. Until now, there was a lack of information on the decline in the concentration of drugs in hair after abstinence. A simple procedure for the chiral separation and determination of methamphetamine (MA) and its metabolite amphetamine (AM) enantiomers by LC–MS/MS in hair samples has been developed and fully validated. The LODs and LLOQs were 0.02 ng/mg and 0.05 ng/mg for all analytes, respectively. This method was successfully applied to both real hair specimens from chronic MA users and after the discontinuation of MA. The concentration of total MA, and total AM in fifty-eight authentic hair specimens ranged from 7.8 ng/mg to 521.0 ng/mg, and from 0.3 ng/mg to 84.0 ng/mg, respectively. Both enantiomers of MA and/or AM were detected in seven of fifty-eight authentic hair specimens. Hair specimens were from thirteen women with a known history of MA abuse, who went to a rehabilitation center and ceased consuming MA (for 4–5 months). The S -isomers of MA and AM were detected in all the 5–6 cm segments. Both enantiomers of MA were detected in nine of the 5–6 cm segments and the enantiomers of AM were found in only five of the nine samples. Assuming a hair growth rate of 1 cm/month, the mean hair elimination half-lives of S -MA, R -MA, S -AM, and R -AM were 0.64(95% CI, 0.46–0.96), 0.58(95% CI, 0.41–0.93), 0.62(0.49–0.88), and 0.50 months (95% CI, 0.42–0.56), respectively. With the developed method, R/S -MA and R/S -AM could be detected in the hair of former drug users for approximately 4 months after abstinence. S -MA is the most commonly found analyte in hair segments and is principally used by abusers. Our results suggest that to evaluate the discontinuation of MA abuse after a 6-month period of abstinence, a 3-cm proximal hair segment should be free of MA at the SOHT proposed cut-off level.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
分析化学
·
法医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 2.731
Feng Yizhi,Zhang Aijuan,Pan Jinju,Zuo Bojun,Liang Lin
The aim of this study was to investigate the dissipation and residues of fluopyram in melon under field conditions and to assess its safe use. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with QuEChERS for analysis of fluopyram and its metabolite M25 was established. Under the experimental condition of adding different levels of analytes (0.02 ~ 2 mg kg−1), the average residue recovery of fluopyram and M25 in melon was 96%~105% with a relative standard deviation of 2%~8%. The limit of quantitation of fluopyram and M25 in melon was 0.02 mg kg−1. Field trial results showed that the half-life of fluopyram in melon was 4.5–6.2 days, and the degradation was relatively fast. The residual of M25 in melon was lower than the LOQ. The terminal residues of fluopyram in melon sample were in the range of <0.02 ~ 0.095 mg kg−1, which was lower than the maximum residue limit for melon in EU (0.4 mg kg−1) and South Korea (0.6 mg kg−1). Dietary risk assessment indicated that the long-term intake risk quotient (rqchronic) and short-term intake risk quotient (rqacute) of fluopyram in people from different age groups were 0.000079 ~ 0.000671 and 0.002978 ~ 0.025268, respectively, which were significantly lower than 1. Therefore, the residues of fluopyram in melons would not affect the health of the general population in China.
研究领域:
植物保护学
·
食品安全
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Infectious Diseases
·
2024
·
IF 4
Shu Li,Zhaopeng Wang,Shibo Song,Yuanyuan Tang,Jingjing Zhou,Xiaojing Liu,Xingjiao Zhang,Min Chang,Kairong Wang,Yali Peng
Multidrug resistance against conventional antibiotics has dramatically increased the difficulty of treatment and accelerated the need for novel antibacterial agents. The peptide Tat (47–57) is derived from the transactivating transcriptional activator of human immunodeficiency virus 1, which is well-known as a cell-penetrating peptide in mammalian cells. However, it is also reported that the Tat peptide (47–57) has antifungal activity. In this study, a series of membrane-active hydrocarbon-stapled α-helical amphiphilic peptides were synthesized and evaluated as antibacterial agents against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains. The impact of hydrocarbon staple, the position of aromatic amino acid residue in the hydrophobic face, the various types of aromatic amino acids, and the hydrophobicity on bioactivity were also investigated and discussed in this study. Among those synthesized peptides, analogues P3 and P10 bearing a l-2-naphthylalanine (Φ) residue at the first position and a Tyr residue at the eighth position demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity and negligible hemolytic toxicity. Notably, P3 and P10 showed obviously enhanced antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria, low drug resistance, high cell selectivity, extended half-life in plasma, and excellent performance against biofilm. The antibacterial mechanisms of P3 and P10 were also preliminarily investigated in this effort. In conclusion, P3 and P10 are promising antimicrobial alternatives for the treatment of the antimicrobial-resistance crisis.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
药物化学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NANOTECHNOLOGY
·
2014
·Vol. 25
·期 29
·295103
·
IF 3.672
Jun Chen,Xiao-Quan Yang,Yuan-Zheng Meng,Huan-Huan Huang,Meng-Yao Qin,Dong-Mei Yan,Yuan-Di Zhao,Zhi-Ya Ma
Probe bismuth sulfide modified with Pluronic F127 (Bi2S3-PF127), which has high biocompatibility and dispersibility, is synthesized using triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 to modify hydrophobic Bi2S3 nanoparticles that are prepared by a hot injection method. TEM results show that most of the probe has a length of about 14.85 ± 1.70 nm and a breadth of about 4.79 ± 0.63 nm. After injected into the tail vein of a mouse, the probe has obvious CT contrast enhancement capability from x-ray CT imaging results. Meanwhile, the probe's in vivo toxicity is also studied. It is found that hematoxylin and eosin stains of major organs have no change. A biochemical analysis (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) prove the probe has no adverse effects. The results of a blood analysis (white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and platelet count) are also normal. The biological distribution of Bi by ICP-AES shows that most of nanoparticles are cleaned out after injection 48 h, and the circulation half-life of the probe is 5.0 h, suggesting that Bi2S3-PF127 has a long circulation and indicating that the Bi2S3-PF127 probe has good biocompatibility and safety.
研究领域:
医学影像学
·
纳米医学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）