Scientific Reports
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2020
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-12
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IF 3.998
Bo Caiying,Shi Zhongyu,Hu Lihong,Pan Zheng,Hu Yun,Yang Xiaohui,Jia Puyou,Ren Xiaoli,Zhang Meng,Zhou Yonghong
A novel eco-friendly halogen-free cardanol-based flame retardant with P, Si, and N on the chain backbone (PSNCFR) was synthesized and incorporated into phenolic foams (PFs). PSNCFR was comprehensively investigated via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. PSNCFR endowed PFs with flame retardancy, contributed to generating a composite char defense against flames, and efficiently prevented smoking from PFs. PSNCFR introduction improved the flexural strength of the PFs to approximately 155% of that of pristine PF. PSNCFR-modified PFs displayed a high limiting oxygen index value of 41.9%. The results of cone calorimeter show that the mean heat release rate, mean effective heat of combustion, and total heat release of the PSNCFR-modified PFs reduced by 26.92%, 35.71%, and 31.25%, respectively. In particular, the total smoke production of the PSNCFR-modified PFs decreased by 64.55%, indicating excellent smoke inhibition. As for the mechanism, the condensation and gas phases during pyrolysis were responsible for the synergistic flame retardancy in the modified PFs. The findings demonstrate that PSNCFR can be used in PF preparation to overcome their drawbacks of internal brittleness and flammability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2019
·Vol. 136
·期 20
·47505
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IF 2.188
Yu-Peng Chen,Abdul Qadeer Dayo,Hui-Yan Zhang,An-ran Wang,Jun Wang,Wen-bin Liu,Yan Yang,Qi-Rui Qin,Yu-Gang Yang
The cardanol-based phthalonitrile (PN) monomer was successfully produced via the nucleophilic substitution reaction of cardanol with 4-nitrophthalonitrile in potassium carbonate media. The conventional methods were employed to predict the chemical structure. The influence of long alkyl chains of cardanol was observed on the thermomechanical properties, recorded values were much below than the poly(Baph) standards. However, the thermal stabilities were recorded in good agreement to PN resin values. Furthermore, the 100 kGy dose of Co 60 irradiation does not show any remarkable changes in the studied properties. The copolymers from P-a benzoxazine and cardanol-based PN (CPN) on the different wt % blending were prepared. The curing behavior and mechanism of the monomer blends were analyzed. The curing of CPN was improved in the presence of active hydrogen produced from the P-a polymerization. The T g and thermal properties of the copolymer were much better than the neat poly(P-a). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136 , 47505.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2017
·Vol. 67
·期 3
·269-275
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IF 2.07
Jie Chen,Xiaoan Nie,Jianchun Jiang
A novel plasticizer based on cardanol, hydrogenated cardanol glycidyl ether acetic ester containing phosphaphenanthrene group (HCGEP), was prepared and incorporated into poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) for the first time. The molecular structure was characterized with Fourier transform infrared and 1 H NMR spectroscopies. The thermal degradation behavior and flame retardant performance of PVC films with HCGEP as secondary or main plasticizer were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis, combustion tests, limiting oxygen index tests and morphological analysis of residues. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of PVC films were examined based on the results of tensile testing. The results were compared to those of the petroleum-based plasticizer dioctyl phthalate. With the substitution of dioctyl phthalate with HCGEP, PVC films exhibited high thermal stability and better flame retardant performance. The tensile test results showed that the addition of HCGEP could endow PVC resin with well-balanced properties of flexibility, strength and hardness. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
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2015
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IF 2.358
Changqing Fu,Jiancheng Liu,Hongying Xia,Liang Shen
Industrial-grade cardanol and 2-mercaptoethanol were reacted to generate hydroxyl-functionalized cardanol by UV, free-radical-initiated thiol-ene coupling between the double bond moieties of the cardanol long carbon side chain and thiol functional groups. The average hydroxyl number of the hydroxyl-functionalized cardanol was controlled by reaction time, with the hydroxyl values of this ranging within 168–201 mg KOH g −1 . This cardanol was then used as a polyol to prepare cardanol-based polyurethane with hexamethylene diisocyanate and a NCO/OH ratio of 1. To compare the effect of cardanol-based polyols with the properties of cardanol-based polyurethane, cardanol modified with 10-undecylenate was used as a raw material to prepare cardanol-based polyols, including the long carbon chain of 10-undecylenate. All properties were examined, and data revealed that cardanol-based polyols including this long carbon chain can improve the hydrophobic and mechanic properties of the cardanol-based polyurethane.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Jia-Li Huang,Hong-Liang Ding,Xin Wang,Lei Song,Yuan Hu
With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the development of high-performance bio-based epoxy resins has attracted more and more attention to reduce the dependence on the petroleum-based 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM). In this work, we synthesized two kinds of cardanol-based curing agents (Car-DCP-MAH and Car-DPC-MAH) as alternatives for petroleum-based DDM. The chemical structures of Car-DCP-MAH and Car-DPC-MAH were confirmed by 1 H and 31 P NMR. Compared with the traditional DGEBA/DDM thermoset, the cured DGEBA/Car-DCP-MAH and DGEBA/Car-DPC-MAH thermosets both displayed good intrinsic fire resistance in terms of higher LOI values (29% and 28%, respectively, versus 24.5%) and V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Furthermore, the results of the cone calorimeter test showed a significant reduction in the peak heat release rate (PHRR) values of the cured DGEBA/Car-DCP-MAH and DGEBA/Car-DPC-MAH which were 42.3% and 47.7%. The flame retardancy of these two systems was mainly due to the great carbonization ability and the formation of the intact and compact char layer. Owning to the flexible long alkyl chain in the crosslinking network, the toughness of the cured DGEBA/Car-DCP-MAH and DGEBA/Car-DPC-MAH products was greatly improved with the higher elongation at break and impact strength. Additionally, the cured DGEBA/Car-DCP-MAH and DGEBA/Car-DPC-MAH thermosets both showed preferable shape memory properties with a high shape recovery efficiency of 98.6% and 96.3%. This study provides a novel strategy to achieve bio-based epoxy thermosets with intrinsic anti-flammability, toughness and shape memory effect.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
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2023
·
IF 6.2
Simei Peng,Linyuan Luo,Renzhao Wu,Zhuwu Yi,Yishun Wuliu,Pu Shi,Jin Zhu,Jianxiang Feng,Yuejun Liu
We demonstrated an innovative strategy to synthesize a biobased multifunctional anti-scratch agent (BCP) based on biomass cardanol, and its properties impact for polypropylene (PP) was investigated. The scratch behavior analyses show that incorporation of BCP tremendously ameliorates scratch visibility, greatly decreases scratch depth, color difference and kinetic friction coefficient for PP, which owing to the lubricating layer induced by BCP migration onto the polymer surface . Meanwhile, the addition of BCP greatly increases the initial thermal decomposition temperature of PP and improves the impact strength , mainly benefitting from BCP intramolecular synergism. Furthermore, the constituting concept of novel green BEP enriches the design of polymer additives , with potential expansion into other biomass functionalization with multifunctional variations.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物基材料
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高分子化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
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2016
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IF 2.848
Jie Chen,Xiaoying Li,Yigang Wang,Ke Li,Jinrui Huang,Jianchun Jiang,Xiaoan Nie
A novel epoxidized cardanol phenyl phosphate ester plasticizer (ECPhP) based on cardanol was synthesized and characterized with 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films plasticized with ECPhP as plasticizer were prepared. Thermal properties, mechanical properties and migration stability of PVC films were investigated with TGA, TGA–MS, DMA, dynamic thermal stability analysis, and tensile, volatility, extraction and exudation tests. Properties of the PVC films were explored and compared to those of petroleum-based plasticizer dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP). The results indicated that the epoxidized cardanol based phosphate ester had significantly higher thermal stability than DOTP, which could also improve thermal properties of PVC blends obviously. Furthermore, ECPhP could endow PVC resin with well-balanced properties of flexibility, strength and hardness. With the substitution of ECPhP into DOTP, migration resistance of PVC blends was enhanced which was mainly due to the increase of molecular weight. In addition, the thermal degradation processes of PVC films and possible interaction between plasticizers and PVC molecular were also discussed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL PAPERS
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2016
·Vol. 70
·期 9
·1218-1227
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IF 1.326
Rui Wang,Yuna Luo,Chuan-Jie Cheng,Qing-Hua Huang,Hua-Shan Huang,Shuang-Lin Qin,Yuan-Ming Tu
Six quaternary ammonium salts were designed and synthesised with moderate to high yields in three steps, based on cardanol, a low-cost and abundant renewable resource. The new ammonium salts can act as reactive surfactants due to their having both a hydrophilic ammonium group and a hydrophobic unsaturated alkyl chain. The gemini surfactants with a linker of a linear saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain exhibited a relatively low CMC value(≤ 0.2 mmol L −1 ) and surface tension (≤ 27 mN m −1 ), signifying that this kind of amphiphile exhibited good surface active properties. The photo-active gemini surfactant with critical micelle concentration (CMC)of 0.05mmolL −1 was used successfully as the sole emulsifier in the emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA).In addition, abenzyl bromide-containing surfactant can act as both an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator and an emulsifier in an activator generated by the electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP) of MMA in emulsion. The value of the number-average molecular mass of the resulting cardanol-endpoly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is M n, GPC = 45.1 kDa, with polydispersity of 1.39.
研究领域:
材料化学
·
绿色化学
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）