FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
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2023
·
IF 10.7
Bing Xu,Shiqing Song,Lingyun Yao,Huatian Wang,Min Sun,Haining Zhuang,Xiaowei Zhang,Qian Liu,Chuang Yu,Tao Feng
Previous studies have shown that Ficus carica polysaccharide (FCPS) extracted from common fig fruit exhibits antioxidant and immune-enhancing properties. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether FCPS can modulate the metabolism of gut microbiota. This study aims to assess whether the polysaccharides from two different types of figs can be broken down by the upper digestive system, including saliva, simulated stomach, and small intestinal conditions, and whether the gut microbiota can utilize them (Mw = 4.59 × 10 4 (LFCP, Low molecular weight), Mw = 6.08 × 10 4 (HFCP, High molecular weight)). The results revealed that FCPS retained its molecular weight and reducing sugar content even after passing through the upper digestive system, indicating its safe arrival in the gut without undergoing decomposition. In vitro FCPS fermentation of gut microbiota lowered the pH and produced more gas in the order of LFCPHFCP, respectively, indicating that it can be broken down and utilized by the microbiota. Additionally, the amount of short-chain fatty acids increased notably (LFCP < HFCP), indicating the higher the molecular weight, the stronger the acid production capacity. FCPS demonstrated the ability to significantly decrease the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, potentially inhibiting obesity and inflammation. Therefore, FCPS is a promising functional food with potential to enhance health and prevent disease by promoting gut health.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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营养学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Cell Host & Microbe
·
2022
·
IF 31.316
Jie Gao,Xinmei Zhao,Shixian Hu,Zhenhe Huang,Mengyao Hu,Shaoqin Jin,Bingyun Lu,Kai Sun,Zhang Wang,Jingyuan Fu,Rinse K. Weersma,Xiaolong He,Hongwei Zhou
Summary The pattern-recognition receptor NOD2 senses bacterial muropeptides to regulate host immunity and maintain homeostasis. Loss-of-function mutations in NOD2 are associated with Crohn’s disease (CD), but how the variations in microbial factors influence NOD2 signaling and host pathology is elusive. We demonstrate that the Firmicutes peptidoglycan remodeling enzyme, DL-endopeptidase, increased the NOD2 ligand level in the gut and impacted colitis outcomes. Metagenomic analyses of global cohorts (n = 857) revealed that DL-endopeptidase gene abundance decreased globally in CD patients and negatively correlated with colitis. Fecal microbiota from CD patients with low DL-endopeptidase activity predisposed mice to colitis. Administering DL-endopeptidase, but not an active site mutant, alleviated colitis via the NOD2 pathway. Therapeutically restoring NOD2 ligands with a DL-endopeptidase-producing Lactobacillus salivarius strain or mifamurtide, a clinical analog of muramyl dipeptide, exerted potent anti-colitis effects. Our study suggests that the depletion of DL-endopeptidase contributes to CD pathogenesis through NOD2 signaling, providing a therapeutically modifiable target.
研究领域:
免疫学
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微生物学
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胃肠病学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Metabolites
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·451
·
IF 4.1
Fujian Qin,Jiankang Li,Tianxiao Mao,Shuo Feng,Jing Li,Maode Lai
2-hydroxybutyric acid (2HB) serves as an important regulatory factor in a variety of diseases. The circulating level of 2HB in serum is significantly higher in multiple diseases, such as cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, there is currently no systematic study on 2HB-producing bacteria that demonstrates whether gut bacteria contribute to the circulating 2HB pool. To address this question, we used BLASTP to reveal the taxonomic profiling of 2HB-producing bacteria in the human microbiome, which are mainly distributed in the phylum Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. In vitro experiments showed that most gut bacteria (21/32) have at least one path to produce 2HB, which includes Aspartic acid, methionine, threonine, and 2-aminobutyric acid. Particularly,Fusobacterium nucleatumhas the strongest ability to synthesize 2HB, which is sufficient to alter colon 2HB concentration in mice. Nevertheless, neither antibiotic (ABX) norFusobacterium nucleatumgavage significantly affected mouse serum 2HB levels during the time course of this study. Taken together, our study presents the profiles of 2HB-producing bacteria and demonstrates that gut microbiota was a major contributor to 2HB concentration in the intestinal lumen but a relatively minor contributor to serum 2HB concentration.Keywords:2-hydroxybutyric acid;gut microbiota;HMP;taxonomic identification;Fusobacterium nucleatum
研究领域:
微生物学
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分子生物学
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医学研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
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2020
·Vol. 11
·期 12
·10386-10396
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IF 4.171
Huali Wang,Guijie Chen,Xiang Li,Fuping Zheng,Xiaoxiong Zeng
β-Glucan, an economical by-product of yeast, has various health-promoting activities. However, the digestion and fermentation characteristics of β-glucan from yeast are still unknown. Thus, simulated digestion under saliva, gastric and small intestinal solutions and fermentation by gut microbiota were studied in this work. The results showed β-glucan could not be hydrolyzed in saliva, gastric and small intestinal conditions. Then, β-glucan reaches the large intestine, where it is degraded and metabolized by gut microbiota. At the same time, β-glucan could modulate the structure and composition of gut microbiota by inhibiting the proliferation of harmful gut microbiota and promoting the growth of health-promoting gut microbiota. At the phylum level, β-glucan significantly decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, both β-glucan and inulin could selectively promote the growth of Bifidobacterium. Unlike inulin, β-glucan was able to better promote the growth of Bifidobacterium_longum. Thus, β-glucan showed a similar probiotic activity to inulin and is expected to be a potential prebiotic for the modulation of gut microbiota.
研究领域:
营养学
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微生物学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology
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2023
·
IF 1.6
Jie Zheng,Hao Ding,Lirong Bai,Shuai Zhu,Hongyuan Hui,Xinyue Zhu,Wen Chen,Aijun Hu
The Chinese traditional food, fermented semi-dried sea bass (FSSB), is famous for its unique flavor. The microbiota succession and flavor formation during fermentation remain unknown. This study utilized high-throughput sequencing to investigate the evolving microbiota and chemical determination to explore volatile compounds. The relevant abundance of microorganisms in the middle-fermented stage was significantly (p <.05) higher than that of the post-fermented stage. In addition, the main microbial phyla during fermentation were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. In conclusion, this study contributes to understanding the changes in flavor substances during fermentation and the varying patterns of change among different floras.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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化学分析
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Food & Function
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2016
·Vol. 7
·期 11
·4637-4643
·
IF 2.686
Chun Chen,Qiang Huang,Xiong Fu,Rui Hai Liu
This study investigated the in vitro fermentation of polysaccharides from Morus alba L., the contribution of its carbohydrates to the fermentation, and the effect on the composition of gut microbiota. Over 48 h of fermentation, the pH value in the fecal culture decreased from 7.12 to 6.14, and the total short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and acetic, propionic, and butyric acids all significantly increased. After 48 h of fermentation, 45.36 ± 1.36% of the total carbohydrates in the polysaccharide, including 35.72 ± 1.51% of arabinose, 23.1 ± 1.19% of galactose, 41.43 ± 1.52% of glucose, 26.36 ± 1.93% of rhamnose and 65.57 ± 1.07% of galacturic acid, were consumed. The increase in acetic and butyric acids was primarily due to the fermentation of galactose and galacturonic acid in the polysaccharide, while the increase in propionic acid resulted mainly from the fermentation of arabinose and glucose. In addition, the polysaccharide could modulate the gut microbiota composition by increasing the Bacteroidetes population and decreasing the Firmicutes population. The results may facilitate the development of food products known as prebiotics, aimed at improving gastrointestinal health.
研究领域:
微生物学
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营养学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food & Function
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Xuening Yu,Guang Li,Shuling Zhou,Xiaoyang Liu,Fawen Yin,Deyang Li,Dayong Zhou
Zinc is essential for maintaining the integrity and repair of small intestinal epithelial cells while zinc deficiency could induce the inflammatory infiltration and imbalance of intestinal flora in the intestine. In this study, glycosylation between oyster protein hydrolysate (OPH) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was conducted and used as the carrier of zinc ions (OCZn). The results of zeta potential and particle size distribution showed that the OPH-COS successfully bound to zinc ions to form OCZn with a surface zinc content of 0.56% (scanning electron microscopy). In addition, OCZn was found to exhibit good intestinal digestion by in vitro simulated digestion microscopy, while TSQ fluorescence staining revealed the presence of free zinc ions released from OCZn in the intestinal cells. In the zinc deficiency-induced mouse model, a moderate dose of OCZn (zinc: 6.96 mg kg−1) showed significant restorative effects on colonic inflammation (IL-1β: 28.20 pg per mg·protein, IL-6: 27.73 pg per mg·protein), protein expressions of HO-1 and ZO-1, oxidative stress (the liver and kidneys), and imbalance of the gut microbiota, increasing microbial diversity and abundance (ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides). Zinc deficiency triggered the abundance of Proteobacteria (risk of diseases), while the dominant bacteria were mainly restored to Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Alloprevotella, and Muribaculaceae following the administration of OCZn. This study provided a theoretical basis for improving the inflammatory infiltration of the colon and the imbalance of intestinal flora caused by zinc deficiency.
研究领域:
营养学
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微生物学
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免疫学
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胃肠病学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Functional Foods
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Zhenhua Yin,Juanjuan Zhang,Qingfeng Guo,Jiale Zhi,Xia Zhang,Wei Zhang,Lin Chen
Psoralea corylifolia polysaccharide (PPs) was the bioactive ingredient that conferred health benefits. In this study, simulated digestion and anaerobic fermentation models were employed to explore the digestion and fermentation characteristics of PPs and its effect on the intestinal microbiota. The results revealed that while the total and reducing sugar contents of PPs increased after simulated digestion, their molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, and overall structure remained unchanged, indicating that PPs was not degraded during digestion. On the other hand, during anaerobic fermentation, PPs was metabolized by intestinal microbiota, leading to the production of acetic acid and propionic acid, which subsequently reduced the pH of the fecal culture solution. Additionally, PPs modulated the composition of the intestinal flora, significantly decreasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria while increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Firmicutes to varying degrees. This study highlighted the potential of PPs for development as functional foods and therapeutic agents.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2020
·
IF 7.539
Honghong Guo,Jie Gu,Xiaojuan Wang,Mubasher Nasir,Jing Yu,Liusheng Lei,Qianzhi Wang
This experiment investigated the effect of adding a microbial inoculum (M) and ferric chloride (F) on the fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during chicken manure composting. Adding M and F improved the microbial activity in the compost and facilitated the removal of ARGs, whereas the combined treatment achieved the best results, especially in reducing the enrichment of sul resistance genes. Tn916/1545 and intI1 were important genetic elements that affected the transfer of ARGs, and Tn916/1545 was closely related to the transfer of tetM , tetW , and ermQ in Firmicutes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional predictions indicated that M and F could reduce the abundance of membrane transport and signal transduction molecules in the compost products. Thus, these findings suggest that the combined application of M and F is a promising strategy that could potentially inhibit the transfer of ARGs during composting.
研究领域:
环境科学
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微生物学
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生物技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 12
·2791
·
IF 4.2
Haijun Xu,Zhu Liu,Wen Xu,Yafei Zhang
The extract ofDendrobium huoshanense, a traditional Chinese medicinal and food homologous plant belonging to the family Orchidaceae, was previously reported to have hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. In this study, the direct effects of polysaccharide (DHP) and non-polysaccharide (NDHP) components ofD. huoshanense, as well as its water extract (DHWE) were compared with that of metformin (an antidiabetic drug) on the gut microbiota (collected from fecal flora) of rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes (T1D) using an in vitro fermentation method. The results showed that DHWE, DHP, and NDHP reduced pH and increased bacterial proliferation and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content in fermentation broth. DHWE, DHP, NDHP and metformin promoted the production of acetic and propionic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, and propionic acid, respectively. DHWE, DHP, and NDHP reduced the abundance ofProteobacteria(subdominant pathogenic bacteria) and increased the abundance ofFirmicutes(dominant beneficial gut bacteria). NDHP also reduced the abundance ofBacteroidetes(beneficial and conditional pathogenic). Metformin increased the abundance ofProteobacteriaand reduced the abundance ofFirmicutesandBacteroidetes. At the genus level, NDHP promoted the proliferation ofMegamonasandMegasphaeraand decreased harmful bacteria (e.g.,Klebsiella), and DHP increased the abundance ofPrevotellaceae(opportunistic and usually harmless). By contrast, metformin increased the abundance of harmful bacteria (e.g.,Citrobacter) and reduced the abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g.,Oscillospira). Our study indicates that DHWE, DHP, and NDHP are potentially more beneficial than metformin on the gut microbiota of T1D rats in vitro.
研究领域:
药理学
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微生物学
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糖尿病研究
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中药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FITOTERAPIA
·
2024
·
IF 2.5
Minghua Xian,Zuqing Ma,Sikai Zhan,Lin Shen,Ting Li,Huiting Lin,Mingmin Huang,Jiale Cai,Tao Hu,Jiaying Liang,Shengwang Liang,Shumei Wang
Ischemic stroke (IS) has attracted worldwide attention due to the high mortality and disability rate. Raw rhubarb (RR) is a traditional medicinal plant and whole-food that has been used in China for its various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent pharmacological research has shown the role of RR against IS, but its mechanism of action remains unclear, particularly in the context of the brain-gut axis. To address this gap in knowledge, the present study was conducted in the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model with the aim of investigating the effects of RR on regulating the intestinal microbiota barrier and metabolism and thereby reducing inflammatory response so as to improve the IS. The results showed that pre-treatment of RR attenuated cerebral infarct area and inflammation response in MCAO rats. Furthermore, RR also improved intestinal barrier function, including the integrity and permeability of the intestinal barrier. Additionally, RR intervention significantly attenuated gut microbiota dysbiosis caused by ischemic stroke, especially the increased Firmicutes . Notably, the pseudo-germ-free (PGF) rats further demonstrated that the anti-stroke effect of RR might rely on intestinal microbiota. In addition, the UPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS-Based metabolomics revealed the disrupted metabolic profiles caused by MCAO/R, and a total of 11 differential metabolites were modulated by RR administration, especially bile acids. Further correlation analysis and network pharmacology analysis also demonstrated a strong association between specific bacteria, such as Firmicutes and bile acids. In conclusion, our work demonstrated that RR could effectively ameliorate ischemic stroke by modulating the microbiota and metabolic disorders.
研究领域:
药理学
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神经科学
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微生物学
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代谢组学
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胃肠病学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2019
·
IF 3.579
Ruiqiu Zhao,Ninghui Cheng,Paul A. Nakata,Liyan Zhao,Qiuhui Hu
The objective was to determine the contribution of A. auricular polysaccharides (AAP) in modulating the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbe in mice. AAP was extracted from A. auricula freeze-dried powder and different amounts of AAP (40, 80, 160 mg AAP/kg body weight) were administered to 6 week-old male ICR mice by gavage feeding over a five-week period. AAP feeding changed the intestinal environment in the mice. The pH value of the intestinal compartments decreased while SCFAs concentrations increased in AAP-fed groups, in a dose dependent manner, compared to the controls ( P < .05). High throughput sequencing revealed an enrichment in the diversity and an alteration in the composition of the fecal microbiota in the AAP fed mice with a significant decrease in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio ( P < .05). The relative abundances of Porphyromonadaceae and Bacteroidaceae also increased in the AAP fed mice which positively correlated with an increase in serum IgA and IgG concentrations ( P < .05). The findings from this study show that AAP modulates the mouse gut microbiota and may contribute, at least in part, to some of the reported beneficial effects from the consumption of the mushroom, A. auricula .
研究领域:
微生物学
·
营养学
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免疫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）