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Bimetallic ZIF-8 from Hydroxide Double Salts for Efficient Cu2+ Removal in Wastewater

Yixin Chen,Zexi Chen,Sheng Chu

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) hold significant potential for applications in gas adsorption and separation, catalysis, chemical sensing, and drug delivery. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are a type of MOF composed of metal ions and imidazolate ligands, structurally similar to zeolite structures. ZIF-8, a widely studied ZIF material, is composed of zinc ions (Zn2+) and 2-methylimidazole as fundamental building blocks featuring unique porous structures, a high specific surface area, and excellent thermal and chemical stability. This study introduces a rapid room-temperature synthesis method for bimetallic ZIF-8 through the hydroxide double salt (HDS) precursor. Various characterization techniques confirmed that the synthesized bimetallic ZIF-8 exhibits uniform particle size and high crystallinity. Experimental results indicate that the HDS precursor provides numerous active sites, facilitating rapid nucleation and resulting in uniformly sized bimetallic ZIF-8 particles. By optimizing the ultrasonic time of HDS, the concentration of 2-methylimidazole, and the reaction time, the synthesis conditions were refined, producing bimetallic ZIF-8 particles with an average size of 135.0 nm and a minimum polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.024. Additionally, the copper ion adsorption performance was evaluated, with the synthesized bimetallic ZIF-8 showing the highest adsorption capacity of 1196.82 mg/g at pH 6, demonstrating its effectiveness in heavy metal removal.