A new, simple and effective strategy to confine dicationic acid ionic liquids (DAILs, 1,4-bis[3-(propyl-3-sulfonate) imidazolium] butane hydrogen sulfate) in the cages of MIL-100(Fe) frameworks was constructed. The target catalyst, defined as MIL-100(Fe)@DAILs, was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, EA, TGA and N2 adsorption–desorption. Meanwhile, the catalytic activity of the MIL-100(Fe)@DAILs catalyst was evaluated by the esterification reaction with oleic acid and methanol. The results indicated that the DAILs had been effectively encapsulated within the cages of the MIL-100(Fe) frameworks. Moreover, the influence of reaction time, reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol to oleic acid and catalyst dosage on the conversion of oleic acid was studied by univariate analysis. The conversion of oleic acid decreased from 93.5% to 86.0% when the catalyst was reused five times, which indicated that the target catalyst possessed higher catalytic activity and superior catalytic activity. Finally, an esterification mechanism catalyzed by this novel catalyst was illustrated.
Liu Wentao,Wang Yanfang,Li Wei,Yang Yan,Wang Ningning,Song Zhanxin,Xia Xiao-Feng,Wang Haijun
Abstract A variety of polyethylene glycol-400-functionalized dicationic acidic ionic liquids (ILs) (PEG 400 -DAILs) were synthesized and tested in the dehydration of fructose. Among these catalysts, hydrogen sulfate anion-based ILs showed the higher catalytic performance in the conversion of fructose. The highest HMF yield of 96.5 % with 100 % consumption of fructose were obtained after 60 min at 110 °C. The effects of catalyst concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature, and solvents were systematically investigated. In addition, the generality of the catalysts was examined by processing inulin and sucrose to HMF with yield of 71.9 and 52.1 % under certain conditions, respectively. PEG 400 -DAILs possess modified physicochemical properties such as low viscosity, strong hydrophilicity and hydrogen bonding with sugars so as to improve activity for the dehydration of fructose into HMF. The used IL catalyst could be separated and recycled repeatedly without significant loss of catalytic activity. The research emphasizes preparation of the novel catalysts combining polymers with functionalized ILs for conversion of renewable biomass. Graphical abstract
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）