MOLECULES
·
2020
·Vol. 25
·期 5
·1238
·
IF 3.267
PengLiang Li,Yin Zhu,ShaoHui Li,AiXia Zhang,Wei Zhao,JiaLi Zhang,QinCao Chen,SuFen Ren,JingKe Liu,HuiJun Wang
Functional and nutritional compounds are increased during foxtail millet germination while bad smell is produced due to the fatty acid oxidation. To eliminate the unpleasant aroma, the origins of the volatiles must be known. A comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed forty-nine volatiles containing 8 ketones, 10 aldehydes, 20 alkanes, 4 alcohols, 5 alkenes, and 2 furans were tentatively identified, and they increased during the germination of the foxtail millet. To identify the origin of some volatiles, model experiments by adding 6 fatty acids to the crude enzymes of the foxtail millet was designed, and 17 volatiles could be detected. The saturated fatty acids (palmitic acid and stearic acid) had no contributions to the formation of the volatiles, whereas the unsaturated fatty acid played important roles in the formation of volatiles. Among the unsaturated fatty acids, palmitoleic acid and linoleic acid produced most aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones, while linolenic acid produced the most alkanes and alkenes. This study will be helpful for controlling the smell of germinated seeds from the raw material selection.Keywords:volatile;fatty acid;variation;germination;foxtail millet
研究领域:
植物学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
·
2017
·
IF 4.129
Qingwei Lin,Biyun Liu,Fenli Min,Yi Zhang,Jianmin Ma,Feng He,Lei Zeng,Zhigang Dai,Zhenbin Wu
Aluminate flocculants are employed widely in water treatment for precipitating suspended solids and emergency treatment of algal blooms in eutrophic lake, but the residual aluminum (Al) may have phytotoxic effects on aquatic organisms after entering aquatic ecosystems. To elucidate the potential impacts of Al on turion germination and early growth in Potamogeton crispus , we conducted a mesocosm experiment using five Al concentrations (0 (control group), 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.5 mg/L) in alum solutions. The results showed that the germination of turions and the early growth of P. crispus were reduced and inhibited by Al. The maximum numbers of germinating turions and newly-formed seedlings occurred in the control group, and their numbers declined in the end of the experiment as the Al concentration increased. Al at a concentration of 1.5 mg/L decreased the number of germinating turions 3.0 times and the number of newly-formed seedlings 30.7 times compared with the control. The chlorophyll content and root activity decreased when the Al concentration increased. The maximum soluble protein contents in seedling tissues (1.953 mg/g fresh weight) occurred in the 0.6 mg/L treatment group, which differed significantly from the other treatment groups. The Al contents in the seedling tissues had a significant positive correlation with the Al treatment concentrations ( P < 0.05, r = 0.763), but negative correlations with the biomass, root number, stem weight, soluble protein, and root activity (r = −0.935, −0.975, −0.907, −0.721, −0.944, respectively). Persistent Al concentration ≥1.2 mg/L significantly decreased the germination of turions and seedling growth in P. crispus . These results may facilitate the restoration of aquatic macrophytes and ecological risk assessments in Al-exposed lakes.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2023
·Vol. 234
·期 2
·1-12
·
IF 2.9
Wang Ke,Huang Changjiang,Tang Jun,Liu Shuai,Miao Yuqing,Liu Yuntong,Wu Chuansheng
Bisphenol A (BPA) reportedly exerts concentration-dependent effects on plant growth, based on hydroponic exposure experiments. However, this pattern might differ in soil substrate, and the effects of different BPA concentrations in soil on crop germination as well as symbiotic relationship with rhizobia remain largely unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different BPA concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 mg/kg air-dry soil) on soybean growth index, germination, and root nodule by soil culture experiments. Results showed that low-dose BPA (10 mg/kg) treatment resulted in a 38.0 and 59.4% increase in total biomass and yield, respectively, while germination time was shortened by 10.1%. Conversely, high-dose BPA treatment significantly inhibited total biomass, yield, and germination time by an average of 39.9, 35.4, and 31.3% in 160 and 320 mg/kg, respectively. Root nodule biomass decreased in all BPA treatments, especially significantly decreased evenly by 66.6% in high concentrations of 160 and 320 mg/kg. Furthermore, germination time significantly explained variations of total biomass and yield by 19.2 and 18.3%, whereas nodule biomass significantly explained by 40.4 and 26.2%, respectively. The structural equation modeling revealed that BPA inhibited soybean total biomass and yield by prolonging germination time and inhibiting soybean nodule formation, while nodule biomass exhibited a larger path coefficient (0.553 and 0.475) than germination time (− 0.252 and − 0.280), suggesting a more important role of soybean nodule. Collectively, these findings provide invaluable insights into the mechanisms underlying the effects of BPA on crop growth.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2016
·
IF 3.698
Lina Zhou,Mengjie Xia,Li Wang,Hui Mao
As a persistent organic pollutant in the environment, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has been extensively investigated. It can accumulate in food chains and in the human body. This work investigated the effect of PFOA on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) germination and seedling growth by conducting a germination trial and a pot trial. A stimulatory effect of PFOA on seedling growth and root length of wheat was found at <0.2 mg kg −1 , while >800 mg kg −1 PFOA inhibited germination rate, index, and root and shoot growth. In the pot trial, PFOA concentration in root was double that in the shoot. Soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) and plant height of wheat seedling were inhibited by adding 200 mg kg −1 PFOA. Proline content and POD activity in wheat seedlings increased as PFOA increased, while CAT activity decreased. Using logarithmic equations, proline content was selected as the most sensitive index by concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC 50 ). Hence, the tolerance of wheat seedlings to PFOA levels could be evaluated on the basis of the physiological index.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Science & Nutrition
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·e70016
·
IF 3.8
Minmin Li,Mengying Zhao,Jinfeng Shi,Yatao Huang,Long Li,Nuo Jin,Zhiqiang Kong,Jesus Simal-Gandarad,Fengzhong Wang,Bei Fan,Hong Xie
Research on soybean nutrition is crucial for Chinese agriculture and public health, as soybean sprouting enhances its nutritional value. However, the relationships between grain quality and soybean varieties are not yet fully understood. In this study, the quality of 49 soybean cultivars from 15 different origins was evaluated through multiple correlation analysis. Differences were observed based on their geographical origin, with Shandong Chongwen showing higher calcium and isoflavone levels than the others. A correlation was found between protein content and soybean daidzein (0.561***), as well as genistein (0.597***). Additionally, sprouting was shown to improve soybean nutrition. Among six high-nutrient soybean varieties, increased levels of protein, minerals, and isoflavones were observed during germination. Phytic acid and oligosaccharide levels decreased by 64.7% and 94.5%, respectively, while saponin increased by 106.0%, indicating changes in antinutritional factors. The experiment establishes a clear relationship between soybean nutrients and the tested variables, highlighting the impact of germination on soybean quality and nutrient content.
研究领域:
植物学
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食品科学
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农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
·
2018
·
IF 2.302
Kuijie Gong,Lirong Chen,Xiaoyue Li,Linlin Sun,Kaichang Liu
A combination of germination and extrusion was applied to whole grain corn to increase its nutritional composition, functional properties and non-anthocyanin polyphenol profile, especially related to in vitro hypoglycemic effects. Individual germination and extrusion both led to an increase in soluble dietary fiber and lysine, methionine , tryptophan content, while insoluble dietary fiber content decreased. Extruded germinated whole corn flour (EGWCF) had a higher water absorption and solubility index, showing 103 and 575% increases over untreated ones, respectively. Germination increased free, bound phenolic acid and bound flavonoid content to 169, 230 and 311%, respectively. The total phenolic acid and flavonoid content of EGWCF was 260 and 249% of WCF, respectively. Germination increased the polyphenol composition from 12 to 15 species. Phenolic profiles of EGWCF exhibited collective effects, showing three new phenolic compounds . Polyphenol extracts showed more potent activity against α -glucosidase rather than α -amylase. Free form polyphenols had stronger inhibitory activity than the bound forms. Compared with WCF, free and bound polyphenol extracts from EGWCF increased the anti- α -glucosidase activity by 221 and 40%, and increased the anti- α -amylase activity by 105 and 108%.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PLoS One
·
2023
·Vol. 18
·期 8
·e0289563
·
IF 3.7
Dongdong Cao,Yutao Huang,Gaofu Mei,Sheng Zhang,Huaping Wu,Tiyuan Zhao
Chilling stress is an important constraint for kale seed germination and seedlings establishment. It is vital to develop an effective approach to enhance kale seed germination ability under chilling stress. The present study reported that spermidine (Spd) could improve seed chilling tolerance in two kale cultivars ‘Nagoya’ (MGW) and ‘Pigeon’ (BB) during germination. The results showed that MGW was cold tolerant with a 90.67% germination percentage (GP) under chilling stress, while BB was cold sensitive with a 70.67% GP under chilling stress. Spd content in MGW and BB seeds during seed germination were up-regulated and down-regulated by chilling stress, respectively. Besides, chilling stress apparently decreased the gibberellin (GA) and ethylene (ET) contents, while increased the levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MGW and BB seeds during germination. Exogenous Spd application increased GA, ET contents and decreased ABA content through regulating the gene expressions of metabolic-related enzymes, thus effectively alleviating the low temperature damage on kale seed germination. Besides, Spd significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and reduced the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and superoxide anion (O 2 · - ). The present study demonstrated that endogenous Spd metabolism plays an important role in kale seed germination under chilling stress. The effect of exogenous Spd on the metabolism of endogenous Spd, GA, ABA, ET and antioxidant enzymes might be the important reason for promoting the kale seed vigor at low temperature.
研究领域:
植物学
·
生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 57
·期 12
·7666-7680
·
IF 3.612
Chuang Zhu,Li Yang,Pan Nie,Lingyue Zhong,Yan Wu,Xiangjun Sun,Lihua Song
Summary In the present study, we investigated the effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on the germination efficiency, chemical composition, biofunctional and volatile compounds, and texture of germinated brown rice (GBR). Our results showed that HRW (1.5 mg L −1 ) treatment significantly increased the germination efficiency of GBR by changing the migration of water during soaking. A chemical composition analysis showed that HRW treatment changed the contents of some biofunctional compounds and volatile components; increased the contents of soluble dietary fibre, thiamine, niacin, γ-aminobutyric acid, some amino acids and K, P, Mn and Fe; and decreased the contents of starch and Na of GBR compared with those of GBR treated with regular pure water. Moreover, HRW treatment also improved the texture of GBR due to the changes in the ultrastructure of the bran layer and the decrease in insoluble dietary fibre. In summary, HRW is suggested to be applied in the processing of GBR since it can increase germination efficiency and improve the nutritional and eating qualities of GBR.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Zhihui Yu,Yating Gao,Huiling Duan,Dan Zheng,Ziqi Shang,Lixin Zhang,Yisheng Chen
To improve the conventional germination process and improve the nutritional quality of red kidney beans , this study employed high-intensity ultrasound (HIU) supplemented with hydrogen peroxide as a pre-germination treatment. The results showed that the 350 W-10 min treatment yielded the highest germination rate (77.09%), with its sprout length 81.13% greater than that of the control group. The 350 W-10 min treatment increased total protein, soluble protein, and ash content, while simultaneously reducing the fat, starch, and soluble sugar content. The HIU treatment accelerated the accumulation of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, ascorbic acid , and γ-aminobutyric acid. The 350 W-10 min treatment also decreased the levels of phytic acid , trypsin inhibitor activity, and tannin by 42.71%, 65.58%, and 53.18%, respectively. Furthermore, ultrasonic cavitation enhanced antioxidative capacity and improved amino acid composition and protein digestibility . Consequently, HIU serves as a cost-efficient method to accelerate the germination process and enhance their nutritional composition.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物生理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
·
2015
·Vol. 80
·期 5
·H1111
·
IF 1.696
Ge Zhang,Zhicun Xu,Yuanyuan Gao,Xianxiao Huang,Yanping Zou,Tiankui Yang
en This link goes to a English section pt This link goes to a English section Germination is considered to be an effective process for improving the nutritional quality and functionality of cereals. In this study, changes of nutritional ingredients, antinutritional components, chemical composition, and antioxidant activities of buckwheat seeds over 72 h of germination were investigated, and the reasons for these changes are discussed. With the prolonged germination time, the contents of crude protein, reducing sugar, total phenolics, total flavonoids, and condensed tannins increased significantly, while the levels of crude fat, phytic acid, and the activity of trypsin inhibitor decreased. Phenolic compounds, such as rutin, vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoorientin, chlorogenic acid, trans-3-hydroxycinnamic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid increased significantly during the germination process, which may be due to the activation of phenylalanine ammonialyase. The improvement of flavonoids led to significant enhancement of the antioxidant activities of germinated buckwheat. Germinated buckwheat had better nutritional value and antioxidant activities than ungerminated buckwheat, and it represented an excellent natural source of flavonoids and phenolic compounds, especially rutin and C-glycosylflavones. Therefore, germinated buckwheat could be used as a promising functional food for health promotion. Practical Application en This link goes to a English section pt This link goes to a English section This study revealed the changes of nutritional ingredients and bioactive compounds in buckwheat seeds during germination. The content of phenolic profiles, especially flavonoids, increased significantly during germination, which led to remarkable improvement of antioxidant activities.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Functional Foods
·
2015
·
IF 3.574
Fengzhong Wang,Huifang Wang,Donghui Wang,Fang Fang,Jixiang Lai,Tao Wu,Rong Tsao
The changes in isoflavone and γ-aminobutyric (GABA) contents and antioxidant activity of germinated soybean seeds were investigated. Three Chinese soybean cultivars (ZH 13, 30 and 42) released for high yield and protein content were evaluated. The results showed that the total isoflavone contents at peak level were 86.3, 81.0, and 42.3% higher than that of the un-germinated control for ZH 42, 13 and 30, respectively. GABA content of ZH 13 in particular was a statistically significant 36.7-fold increase in day 5 germinated soybeans as compared to un-germinated soybean. Such increases also led to significantly elevated antioxidant activities . Moreover, germination can significantly suppress IL-8 expression in Caco-2 cells by ZH 13 extract ( P < 0.05) without cell apoptosis. Current results suggest that ZH 13 soybean is a cultivar that can be used to develop nutritional and functional foods with important health benefits.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·
IF 3.52
Qiang Xia,Yunfei Li
This investigation aimed to examine the effects of a novel processing pattern, combining high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) with germination, on the embryo growth and physicochemical characteristics of wholegrain brown rice (WBR). WBR grains were firstly subjected to mild HHP stress (30–90 MPa/5 min) and then incubated at 37 °C for 52 h for obtaining germinated samples (GBR). The results showed that HHP shock resulted in a delayed embryo growth of WBR grains, maintaining acceptable sprouting rates ranging from 65% to 76% when germination was finished. The contents of gama-aminobutyric acid in GBR were greatly increased responding to HHP stress, showing pressure intensities dependent. Total digestible and resistant starch contents in samples stressed at 60/90 MPa were decreased, mainly associated with high pressure-induced amorphization as revealed by SEM imaging and FTIR , which promoted starch hydrolysis during germination. Besides, the levels of zinc and iron were influenced by HHP pretreatments due to the high pressure-mediated degradation behavior for phytic acids. The storability of HHP-stressed GBR grains was significantly enhanced through reducing free fatty acids formation and maintaining color stability during a storage testing. These results obtained from the current work demonstrated that mild HHP stress pretreatment prior to germination process could be used as a promising strategy to modulate certain physicochemical characteristics of WBR products.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）