TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 2.3
Yanqin Shen,Jinyu Qiao,Hailiang Wu,Yijun Yao
In this work, a series of alkylation starches (St-Cn) with different alkylation degrees was synthesized by introducing alkyl chains (the number of carbon atoms was 3, 8, and 12, respectively) onto starch. The influence of the substitution degree (DS) and length of the alkyl chains on the sizing properties of alkylation starches was studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra provided evidence for the linkage of alkyl chains onto the starch structure. Benefiting from the flexibility characteristic of the alkyl chain and the weakening hydrogen bonding to starch structure, St-C8 alkylation starch film with a DS of 0.114 exhibited a high elongation break of 4.64%, which is higher than that of the modified starches reported in most of the literature. Moreover, the alkyl chain could reduce the internal stress of the starch adhesive layer among fibers, which improved the adhesion of alkylation starch to cotton fibers. The St-C12 alkylation starch obtained by the longer alkyl chain weakened the adhesion among fibers due to the strong hydrophobic effect. This work provides a new idea to achieve starch plasticization.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2012
·
IF 3.628
Yihao Luan,Jinming Zhang,Maosheng Zhan,Jin Wu,Jun Zhang,Jiasong He
Using 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) as the catalyst, highly efficient propionylation and butyralation of cellulose were successfully carried out in an ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl) under mild conditions. Cellulose propionate (CP) and cellulose butyrate (CB) with a degree of substitution (DS) in the range from 0.89 to 2.89 were synthesized within only 30 min at 30 °C. The DS values of the products could be well controlled just by molar ratio of acid anhydride/anhydroglucose unit (AGU). More interestingly, the conversions of acid anhydrides in both propionylation and butyralation were as high as above 90%, even 96%. Therefore, this work provides a facile and highly efficient way for the synthesis of cellulose esters CP and CB.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
STARCH-STARKE
·
2024
·
IF 2.6
Shaomin Kang,Jiaqi Guo,Igor S. Makarov,Mohammad Rizwan Khan,Huining Xiao,Junlong Song
Cationic starch serves as a prevalent wet-end additive in the papermaking industry. Yet, the definitive effects of the ratio between the two principal components—amylose (AM) and amylopectin (AP)—and the degree of substitution (DS) on the mechanical strength enhancement of paper sheets remain incompletely understood. This study synthesizes a series of quaternized amylose (QAM) and quaternized amylopectin (QAP) with varying DS levels and blended these derivatives in diverse ratios. Subsequently, these mixtures are integrated into pulp suspensions to ascertain the DS and the AM-to-AP ratio that optimize paper strength. These results indicate that a QAM-to-QAP blend with a DS of 0.08 at a ratio of 2:8 yielded the most pronounced improvement in paper mechanical properties. This precise formulation significantly enhances tensile, burst, and tear strength indices, increasing by approximately 55.0%, 44.4%, and 78.4%, respectively, under the most favorable conditions and with an additive dosage of 1 wt.%. This investigation provides substantive and actionable knowledge for selecting starch additives in the wet-end of papermaking, which can significantly augment the efficiency and efficacy of paper manufacturing processes.
研究领域:
造纸科学
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材料科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2015
·
IF 4.09
Rui-hong Liang,Ling-hua Wang,Jun Chen,Wei Liu,Cheng-mei Liu
Recently there has been an increased interest in modification of pectins. Pectins were alkylated with alkyl chain of various lengths (hexyl, dodecyl or octadecyl) at different degrees of substitution (0.69, 2.43 or 3.60) by reaction of TBA-pectin with alkyl bromide in this study. Their structures were characterized by GC, FTIR and 1 H NMR, which confirmed the formation of ester linkages between hydrophobic alkyl segment and carboxyl group of galacturonic acid. Alkylated pectins produced interesting rheology properties. They showed higher apparent viscosities but lower intrinsic viscosities than the original one. The higher apparent viscosities may be due to intermolecular association of hydrophobic segments in the molecule. The lower intrinsic viscosities would be ascribed to more compact conformation. In addition, the modified pectins showed an enhancement of emulsifying properties. These properties were significantly influenced by the degree of substitution and alkyl chain length. Such amphiphilic derivatives open new perspectives for improving or altering viscosity and emulsifying properties of pectin.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Reaction Kinetics Mechanisms and Catalysis
·
2017
·Vol. 122
·期 2
·1031-1047
·
IF 1.264
Meng Chen,Cao Gui-Ping,Yan Yi-Zhen,Zhao En-You,Hou Lin-Yi,Shi Hua-Yi
In this work, during the synthesis and hydrolysis of cellulose acetate propionate (CAP), the research not only focused on the contents, but also the distributions of acetyl and propionyl groups in the different positions of anhydroglucose unit, i.e. C2, C3 and C6. It was investigated that cellulose propionylation was more difficult than acetylation, which required larger amounts of reagents. At the same temperature, the reaction rate constant of cellulose acetylation was much higher than that of propionylation. Furthermore, the partial degrees of propionyl substitution in CAP were 0.54, 0.54, and 0.48 for C2, C3, and C6. The contents of propionyl distributed on C2 and C3 positions were higher than that on C6 indicating that acetyl took the position of C6 preferentially. During the hydrolysis of CAP, the degrees of hydrolysis were 0.1 for acetyl and 0.3 for propionyl. Acetyl groups in the C6 position and propionyls in the C2 position were hydrolyzed much easier with the degrees of hydrolysis of 0.16 and 0.32, respectively. In addition, it has been investigated that hydroxyl groups in the C3 position exhibited the lowest reactivity during the synthesis of CAP, while acyl groups on C3 was also the hardest to be hydrolyzed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 7
·2119
·
IF 4.927
Xue-Li Liu,Yi-Fan Chen,Jing-Jing Yang,Si-Jin Li,Hua-Le Xie,Tian-Lin Ma
A new type of hydroxyalkyl starch, γ-hydroxypropyl starch (γ-HPS), was prepared by etherification of alkali-activated starch with 3-chloropropanol. The reaction efficiency, morphological change, thermodynamic and apparent viscosity properties, and other physicochemical characteristics were described. The molar substitution (MS) of modified whole starch was determined to be 0.008, 0.017, 0.053, 0.106, and 0.178, with a ratio of 5%, 15%, 25%, 35%, and 45% 3-chloropropanol to starch (v/w), respectively. Compared to native starch, the granular size and shape and the X-ray diffraction pattern of γ-HPS are not very different. For low-substituted γ-HPS, the implications may be less evident. Thermal stability measurements by means of thermogravimetric analyses and differential scanning calorimetry (TGA-DSC) proved that thermal stability was reduced and water retaining capacity was increased after hydroxypropylation. Furthermore, the findings also showed that the solubility, light transmittance, and retrogradation of γ-HPS pastes could be improved by etherification. The greater the MS of the γ-HPS, the more its freeze–thaw stability and acid resistivity increased. In this study, we provide relevant information for the application of γ-HPS in food and non-food industries.Keywords:γ-hydroxypropyl starch;molar substitution;physicochemical properties
研究领域:
食品科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 56
·期 9
·5924-5935
·
IF 4.22
Li Wei,Zhang Song,Wang Wei,Zeng Lintao,Wang Shuangfei,Qin Chengrong,Qin Caiqin
Abstract Bio-based superhydrophobic coatings have attracted great attention owing to their environmental friendliness and potential applications. Among them, cellulose ester-based coatings show excellent superhydrophobicity. Even so, their rational design and performance modulation have been rarely concerned, which is of great importance to their practical applications. Herein, we adjusted the superhydrophobicity and self-binding strength of α-cellulose 10-undecenoyl ester (CUE) coatings (used as a model) by changing the degree of substitution (DS) value. The DS-induced particle size of the CUE played a key role in the cluster formation for the superhydrophobicity and the generation of contact area for the binding force. The CUE size displayed a normal distribution with the increase in DS value, and a low coating amount as well as a high contact area could be realized from a large particle size. The optimum DS value of the CUE coating was 0.44–0.94. This research may provide a new perspective for the design of stable bio-based superhydrophobic coatings. Graphical abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物基材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Shaomin Kang,Xinyu Zhang,Usama Shakeel,Jiaqi Guo,Wenyuan Zhu,Igor S. Makarov,Mohammad Rizwan Khan,Huining Xiao,Junlong Song
This study investigates amphoteric cellulose (AC) adsorption behaviors on the charged silica surface and the associated thermodynamics, a key area with broad industrial relevance. We synthesized a range of ACs with different degrees of substitution (DS) and examined their adsorption on silica using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). By applying Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, the maximum adsorption capacity and the interactions between ACs and silica were assessed, and then Van't Hoff equation was employed to estimate the thermodynamic parameters to unveil the mechanisms involved. In terms of ΔG°, ΔH°, and ΔS° associated with the adsorption of AC-0.23 at 298 K were assessed to be −6.68 kJ·mol −1 , 18.98 kJ·mol −1 , and 85.61 J·mol −1 ·K −1 , respectively. Accordingly, those for AC-0.56 were − 11.21 kJ·mol −1 , −10.53 kJ·mol −1 , and 1.86 J·mol −1 ·K −1 . These findings underscore the substantial influence of DS on adsorption behavior and thermodynamics of ACs due to the molecular flexibility playing a crucial role in adsorption. The low-charge-density polymer exhibits higher flexibility and entropy-driven adsorption, while the high-charge-density polymer shows stronger electrostatic interactions and more enthalpy-driven adsorption. Our research provides crucial insights into the adsorption behavior of ACs with varying DS, which is essential for enhancing their performance in industrial applications.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
界面科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 7.1
Meng-Lei Li,De-Fa Hou,Pei-Yao Li,Zi-Wei Feng,Yan-Hao Huang,Feng Wang,Yuan-Ming Zhai,Xiao-Rong Sun,Kai Zhang,Bo Yin,Wei Yang,Ming-Bo Yang
Cellulose esters are promising biobased alternatives to traditional petroleum-derived polymeric materials. However, the conventional chemical esterification of cellulose often involves harsh conditions and complex solubilization or activation steps. Based on our previous ball-milling esterifying method of cellulose, this work developed an improved one-step and solvent-free esterification strategy to synthesize thermoplastic cellulose esters efficiently. By utilizing trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA) as the promoter in combination with ball-milling, a series of cellulose esters with a high degree of substitutions (DS) were easily achieved, including linear (long chain), branched, and bulky side-chain esters. Interestingly, the introduction of linear moieties (lauroyl groups) to cellulose not only widened the temperature window for the melt processing but also remarkably improved the ductility. Specifically, the elongation at break enhanced from 2.27% for cellulose stearate esters to 40.99% for lauric acid cellulose laurates. This strategy was shown to be beneficial in terms of both efficiency and low waste, as evidenced by a high esterifying agent/DS ratio of 1.03 and a low E-factor of 0.92–1.48. Furthermore, a new concept of “Q value” was developed to effectively assess the suitability of various esterifying agents for the ball-milling synthesis of high-substitution cellulose esters. This work provided a versatile method for the efficient conversion of intact cellulose to cellulose esters, thereby expanding the potential applications of these biobased materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
绿色化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2019
·
IF 4.784
Qiong Xiao,Guo Chen,Anfeng Xiao
Two types of fatty acid derivatives were used to synthesize agarose fatty acid esters in a heterogeneous medium. Agarose esters with low degree of substitution were synthesized with succinic anhydride, octenyl succinic anhydride, dodecyl succinic anhydride as esterifying agents. Agarose esters with high degree of substitution were synthesized with lauroyl chloride, palmitoyl chloride, and stearoyl chloride as esterifying agents. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that agarose anhydride modification mostly occurred at the surface of the particles, whereas chloride modification occurred at both the surface and interior of the particles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicated that hydrophobic groups were successfully introduced in agarose, and the hydroxyl group in the C-2 of D-galactose was the preferred location for esterification . The results also showed that agarose esters with long-chain fatty acids and high substitution degree showed higher emulsifying ability and low interfacial tension property than derivatives with short-chain fatty acids and low substitution degree. Compared with commonly used food emulsifiers, such as Tween, sucrose fatty acid ester, and glycerin monostearate, agarose esters were slightly deficient in emulsifying ability but presented high emulsion stability in oil-in-water emulsion.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
材料化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2017
·
IF 4.747
Cheng-mei Liu,Xiao-juan Guo,Rui-hong Liang,Wei Liu,Jun Chen
The molecular characterization, conformational change and gel property of alkylated pectins (ALP) prepared by chemical covalent binding with different alkyl chains (C 6 , C 12 , or C 18 ) at different degrees of substitution (DS) (1.35, 2.90 or 4.53) were investigated. Molecular weight of ALP was affected by degradation, alkylation and aggregation. The conformation parameter α (obtained from R g vs M w ) and ρ (R g /R h ) both indicated that original pectin (HMP) and ALP with the lowest DS and the shortest alkyl chain had random coil conformation, while ALP with the greater DS and longer chain had sphere conformation in 0.1 M NaCl. In addition, we observed that the gel strength of ALP with higher DS and longer chain length was higher than HMP, and they were significantly positively correlated with the conformation parameter M w .
研究领域:
食品科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 58
·期 8
·4301-4315
·
IF 3.3
Meng-Yun Li,Feng-Kun An,Hai-Lu Luo,Yuan-Sen Liu,Zhen Fu
Summary This study aims to investigate influences of different acylations (acetyl, propionyl and butyryl) with different degrees of substitution (DS) on physicochemical properties and digestion characteristics of Arenga pinnata starches (APS). The presence of acyl protons was confirmed by 1 H NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy of acylated APS. The viscosities, swelling power, thermal properties and crystallinity of acylated APS were lower than APS, but these characteristics tended to increase with the increase of DS. Acylation could effectively regulate the digestibility of starch granules. The content of resistant starch in acylated APS increased from 66.58% to 80.92%. With the DS increasing, acylation strengthened the rearrangement and aggregation behaviour of APS molecular chains, making the crystal structure and double helix structure of amylopectin crystal region more orderly, which might lead to changes in the pasting properties and digestibility. It was possible to evaluate the effectiveness of low-substituted acylated APS.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）