Rapid and full recovery is the major challenge for the commercialization and further growth of textile-based wearable supercapacitors. Herein, reversibly stretchable and rapidly reboundable textile supercapacitors (TSCs) are developed via the utilization of NiCu2Se3/Cu–Ni alloy-plated cotton cloth (CNAPCC) textile as the cathode and Fe2CuSe3/CNAPCC textile as the anode. Both NiCu2Se3/CNAPCC and Fe2CuSe3/CNAPCC are obtained by a simple in situ oxidation reaction, followed by an ion exchange strategy. Meanwhile, a stable double-network (DN) structure is constructed, covering the knitted cotton cloth (KCC) and Cu–Ni alloy-plated layer (CNAPL). The DN textile structure significantly endows the NiCu2Se3/CNAPCC stretchable electrode with superior mechanical properties, exhibiting high elongation at a break of 470% with a stress of 7.19 MPa and full recovery after 100% strain with almost no residual deformation left after merely 0.2 s. Moreover, the assembled TSC provides a large energy density of 82 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 750 W kg–1. Besides, 50,000 charge/discharge cycle tests under static stretching are performed. The supercapacitor exhibits rapid recovery and excellent cycling stability of 92.2% capacitance retention under different strains (from 0 to 200%).
Hydrogel electrolytes as soft ionic conductors have been extensively exploited to establish skinlike and biocompatible devices. However, in many common hydrogels, there exists irreversible elongation upon prolonged stretching cycles and poor interfacial contact, which have significantly hindered their practical applications where long-term operation at large deformations is needed. Herein, multifunctional soft electronic devices with reversible stretchability and improved electrode/electrolyte interfaces are demonstrated by employing polyacrylamide-based double-network organohydrogel electrolytes soaked with a high content of tannic acid (TA) that affords multiple noncovalent interactions and redox activity. Performances of the TA-rich gels are evaluated for the first time in realizing shape-recoverable stretchable devices against repeated deformations to 500% strain, with superior gel–electrode interfaces exhibiting both intimate adhesion and boosted electrochemical capacitance of >200 mF·cm–2. A maximal 4-fold higher capacitance can be achieved by introducing TA and ethylene glycol (EG) into hydrogels. Moreover, a soft electronic system consisting of stretchable supercapacitors and gel-based microsensors was demonstrated, in which the electronic performance of these devices can be well preserved after >1000 repeated cycles at strains of up to 200%, without obvious residual strain or electrode delamination. This could pave a route to the design of multifunctional gel networks tackling both the mechanical and interfacial issues in soft and biocompatible devices.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）