Nature Communications
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 16.6
Fang Zizheng,Shi Yunpeng,Mu Hongfeng,Lu Runzhi,Wu Jingjun,Xie Tao
Delicate geometries and suitable mechanical properties are essential for device applications of polymer materials. 3D printing offers unprecedented versatility, but the geometries and mechanical properties are typically fixed after printing. Here, we report a 3D photo-printable dynamic covalent network that can undergo two independently controllable bond exchange reactions, allowing reprogramming the geometry and mechanical properties after printing. Specifically, the network is designed to contain hindered urea bonds and pendant hydroxyl groups. The homolytic exchange between hindered urea bonds allows reconfiguring the printed shape without affecting the network topology and mechanical properties. Under different conditions, the hindered urea bonds are transformed into urethane bonds via exchange reactions with hydroxyl groups, which permits tailoring of the mechanical properties. The freedom to reprogram the shape and properties in an on-demand fashion offers the opportunity to produce multiple 3D printed products from one single printing step.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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高分子科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Research
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Xi Chen,Xianghong Liu,Mohd Yasir Khan,Zuyao Yan,Dezhou Cao,Shifang Duan,Lingshan Fu,Wei Wang
Colloidal molecules, ordered structures assembled from micro- and nanoparticles, serve as a valuable model for understanding the behavior of real molecules and for constructing materials with tunable properties. In this work, we introduce a universal strategy for assembling colloidal molecules consisting of a central active particle surrounded by several passive particles as ligands. During the assembly process, active particles attract the surrounding passive particles through phoresis and osmosis resulting from the chemical reactions on the surface of the active particles, while passive particles repel each other due to the electric polarization induced by an alternating current (AC) electric field. By carefully selecting particles of varying structures and sizes, we have assembled colloidal molecules of symmetric and asymmetric dimers, trimers, and multimers. Furthermore, the coordination number of these colloidal molecules can be regulated in real time and in situ by tuning the interaction forces between the constituent particles. Brownian dynamics simulations reproduced the formation of the colloidal molecules and validated that the self-assembly arises from chemically induced attraction and electrical dipolar repulsion. This strategy for reconfigurable colloidal assemblies poses the potential for designing adaptive micro-nanomachines.
研究领域:
材料科学
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物理化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Siyao Chen,Jinping Li,Haofan Shi,Xuliang Chen,Guo Liu,Songhe Meng,Jian Lu
There is growing interest in additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramics due to the feasibility of achieving geometrically complex shapes for various engineering applications. Polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs), pyrolyzed from polymeric ceramic precursors, act as a competitive material for ceramic AM with advantages such as easy processability, flexible designability, and relatively low sintering temperature. However, the functionality of preceramic polymers is far from being fully exploited, thus restricting the development and applications of 3D printed ceramics. Herein, a novel multifunctional preceramic polymer composite with reconfigurability and shape memory effect is synthesized. By tuning the material compositions, the precursor inks suitable for 4D printing are pyrolyzed into lightweight self-shaping ceramics, allowing complex geometries to be fabricated. The preceramic polymers undergo a stepwise partial-to-full crosslinking process to form interpenetrating polymer networks , resulting in reconfigurability where the as-printed parts can be transformed into shapes with higher complexity. Unlike traditional precursors with static shapes, the precursor here possesses shape memory capability ( T g ∼ 95 °C). During the sintering process, the 3D printed precursor could successively undergo programmable active shape transformation with a high recovery ratio (∼100 %) and pyrolysis conversion into lightweight ceramics (1.05 g/cm 3 ). By exploring the semiconducting behavior of resulting ceramics, temperature sensors leveraging the advantages of reshaping are designed to detect the surface over a wide range (25–750 °C) with good conformability. The development of 4D printed reconfigurable and programmable precursors for the construction of complex ceramics enriches both the complexity and self-shaping capability of ceramics, allowing them to be applied as smart thermistors and deployable structures.
研究领域:
材料科学
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智能材料
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增材制造
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Additive Manufacturing
·
2024
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IF 10.3
Youchao Zhang,Xiaoyang Zhu,Huangyu Chen,Ruichen Wang,Siqi Qiu,Houchao Zhang,Hongke Li,Zhenghao Li,Rui Wang,Fan Zhang,Guangming Zhang,Yuan-Fang Zhang,Dong Wang,Hongbo Lan
Reconfigurable magnetic soft machines have a wide range of applications in soft robotics, aerospace, medical devices and flexible electronics. However, the high-precision reconfiguration of magnetically actuated soft machines is hindered by the absence of rational structural design and integrated manufacturing techniques. Here, we report an innovative design and manufacturing approach to realize magnetically actuated high-precision reconfigurability. We present a crease-assisted pixelated design using a mixture of magnetic particles and phase-change medium as the pixel points, with an elastomer as the crease to connect the pixel points, simulating origami. The design of elastomer creases improves pixel stiffness without loss of reconfigurable accuracy, thereby significantly improves the magnetic particle concentration in the pixel. An effective multi-material 3D printing technique is used to achieve the integrated printing of the designed structure. The resulting magnetically actuated soft machines exhibit remarkable capabilities, achieving small curvature bending and precise reconfiguration with weaker actuating magnetic fields (100mT). The superior performance of this design has been confirmed through demonstrations of crawling and rolling machines, magnetically controlled switches, and logic circuits. The work enhances the reconfiguration accuracy of magnetically actuated soft machines, increasing their potential for soft robotics and flexible electronics applications.
研究领域:
软体机器人学
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柔性电子
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
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2021
·Vol. 28
·期 5
·2879-2888
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IF 5.044
Li Chang,Ju Benzhi,Zhang Shufen
The synthesis of the first cellulose-based vitrimer is described. Dynamic ester bonds were responsible for the dynamic properties of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based vitrimer. The addition of suitable catalyst and glycerol in the vitrimer formulations was crucial for the reprocessability of these materials. Thermogravimetric and dynamic mechanical analyses tensile strength tests were performed to investigate the effect of the catalyst and glycerol on the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the materials. A minimum amount of 5 mol% of 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene with respect to the carboxyl group content was required to maintain reprocessability by hot press. The CMC vitrimer exhibited good reprocessability and shape memory ability. Our work demonstrates that cellulose, the most abundant bio-resource on the planet, can be a promising raw material for bio-based vitrimer due to its excellent renewability and low cost. Graphic abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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2023
·Vol. 120
·期 28
·e2302907120
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IF 11.1
Xiaoguang Li,Xianglong Pang,Haohao Jiang,Mei Duan,Heng Liu,Zhujun Yang,Yuhang Xi,Thomas P. Russell
Millifluidics, the manipulation of liquid flow in millimeter-sized channels, has been a revolutionary concept in chemical processing and engineering. The solid channels that contain the liquids, though, are not flexible in their design and modification, and prevent contact with the external environment. All-liquid constructs, on the other hand, while flexible and open, are imbedded in a liquid environment. Here, we provide a route to circumvent these limitations by encasing the liquids in a hydrophobic powder in air that jams on the surface, containing and isolating flowing fluids, offering flexibility and adaptability in design, as manifest in the ability to reconfigure, graft, and segment the constructs. Along with the open nature of these powder-contained channels that allow arbitrary connections/disconnections and substance addition/extraction, numerous applications can be opened in the biological, chemical, and material arenas.
研究领域:
化学工程
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生物学
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SmartMat
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2024
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IF 15.3
Chen Yang,Weizhong Zheng,Chujun Ni,Ye Li,Di Chen,Tao Xie,Qian Zhao
Patterning diversified properties and surface structure of polymer materials are of great importance toward their potential in biology, optics, and electronics. However, achieving both the patternability of stiffness and microstructure in a reconfigurable manner remains challenging. Here, we prepare amphigels crosslinked by dynamic disulfide bonds, which can be reversibly swollen by immiscible water or liquid paraffin. In the paraffingel form, the materials exhibited a high modulus of 130 MPa due to densified hydrogen bonds. Whereas swollen by water, the modulus fell over two orders of magnitude owing to the destruction of the hydrogen bonds. Via regionalized swelling of the solvents, well-controlled and rewritable soft/stiff mechanical patterns can be created. On the other hand, the dynamic exchange of the disulfide crosslinking enables mechanophoto patterning to fabricate sophisticated macrogeometries and microstructures. The reconfigurable stiffness-structure patterning can be manipulated orthogonally, which will create more application opportunities beyond conventional hydrogels and organogels.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物工程
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2024
·
IF 14.3
Jiaqi Miao,Alan C. H. Tsang
Manipulating small-volume liquids is crucial in natural processes and industrial applications. However, most liquid manipulation technologies involve complex energy inputs or non-adjustable wetting gradient surfaces. Here, a simple and adjustable 3D liquid manipulation paradigm is reported to control liquid behaviors by coupling liquid–air–solid interfacial energy with programmable magnetic fields. This paradigm centers around a hierarchical rectifier with magnetized microratchets, using Laplace pressure asymmetry to enable multimodal directional steering of various surface tension liquids (23–72 mN m −1 ). The scale-dependent effect in microratchet design shows its superiority in handling small-volume liquids across three orders of magnitude (10 0 –10 3 µL). Under programmed magnetic fields, the rectifier can reconfigure its morphology to harness interfacial energy to exhibit richer liquid behaviors without dynamic real-time control. Reconfigured rectifiers show improved rectification performance in the inertia-dominant fluid regime, i.e., a remarkable 2000-fold increase in the critical Weber number for pure ethanol. Moreover, the rectifier's switchable reconfigurations offer flexible control over liquid transport directions and spatiotemporally controllable 3D liquid manipulation reminiscent of inchworm motions. This scalable liquid manipulation paradigm promotes versatile engineering and biochemistry applications, e.g., portable liquid purity testing (screening resolution <1 mN m −1 ), logical open-channel microfluidics, and automated chemical reaction platforms.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 27.4
Ziqing Luo,Wenfu Chen,Mengnan Lai,Shiyang Shi,Pengyu Chen,Xiaolong Yang,Zhan Chen,Ben Wang,Yaokang Zhang,Xuechang Zhou
Hufu , serving as evidence of imperial authorization in ancient China, comprises two parts in the form of tiger-shaped tallies that only become effective when matched. Drawing inspiration from the concept of Hufu , a reconfigurable electroluminescent (EL) device is designed by separating conventional integral devices into two parts that contain the EL layer (part A) and the transparent electrode (part B), respectively. The key to realizing such strategy is employing an adhesive and stretchable polymer gel composite as the transparent electrodes for the EL devices. The polymer gel composite facilitates robust yet reversible contact between the EL layer and transparent electrode, enabling high-performance and stretchable EL devices that can be readily disassembled and reassembled: the EL devices can maintain ≈81% of their initial luminance after 1000 times of repeated disassembly and reassembly. Moreover, the precursor ink of the polymer gel composite is compatible with a wide variety of coating and printing technologies, such as spin-coating, inkjet printing, dispensing, and brush painting. Importantly, the reconfigurable feature of the devices opens up a new path to encryption display systems, and as a proof-of-concept, EL encrypted password, and content-changeable digital clock are demonstrated.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电子工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2021
·
IF 9.229
Die Tang,Lun Zhang,Xiaoyu Zhang,Liqiang Xu,Ke Li,Aimin Zhang
Soft actuators with apparent uniqueness in exhibiting complex shape morphing are highly desirable for artificial intelligence applications. However, for the majority of soft actuators, in general, it is challenging to achieve versatility, durability, and configurability simultaneously. Enormous works are devoted to meet the multifunctional smart actuators, to little effect. Herein, self-healing and bio-mimetic smart actuators are proposed based on azobenzene chromophores and dynamic disulfide bonds. Benefiting from the dynamic and drivable vitrimer liquid crystal elastomer (V-LCE) materials, a series of actuators with single or compound dynamic three-dimensional structures were fabricated, which were capable of double-stimuli response and complex “bionic” motions, such as the blooming of a flower, grasping and loosening an object, and so forth. Moreover, these flexible actuators showed fascinating properties, such as high robustness, excellent elasticity–plasticity shape-memory properties (Rf and Rr are close to 100%), easily reconfigurable property, and self-healing. This smart V-LCE provides a guideline to design and fabricate soft versatility actuators, which has prospects for developing smart bionic and artificial intelligence devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
智能材料
·
仿生学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2019
·
IF 8.456
Qiaomei Chen,Xiaojie Qian,Yanshuang Xu,Yang Yang,Yen Wei,Yan Ji
Toward a sustainable society, soft actuators driven by environmentally friendly energy from nature are of great social and economic significance. Meanwhile, recyclability, repeated reconfiguration for other use, and complex three-dimensional (3D) geometries are also essential for mitigating the energy crisis and practical application demands. Here, we integrate all of the above features in one actuator using vitrimers with exchangeable disulfide links. By reconfiguration, welding, patterning, and kirigami techniques, complex 3D actuators can be easily fabricated, which can be repeatedly reconfigured for other applications to save cost in new material preparation. These actuators operate synergistically with the day–night rhythm of humidity and sunlight without the need of extra energy input.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
可持续能源
·
智能材料
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Lin Xu,Ying Pan,Xuanqi Wang,Zhijun Xu,Huasheng Tian,Yue Liu,Xiaodan Bu,Houchao Jing,Tianyu Wang,Yaqing Liu,Minghua Liu
Touch panels based on ionic conductive hydrogels perform excellent flexibility and biocompatibility, becoming promising candidates for the next-generation human–machine interface. However, these ionic hydrogels are usually composed of cross-linked polymeric networks that are difficult to be recycled or reconfigured, resulting in environmental issues. Herein, we designed a lithium ion-triggered gelation strategy to provide a conductive molecular hydrogel with thixotropy, which can be mechanically recycled or reconfigured at room temperature. In this hydrogel, lithium ions function as ionic bridges to construct supramolecular nanoassemblies and charge carriers to impart ionic conductivity. With polymer additives, the mechanical accommodability of the hydrogel was improved to meet the requirements of the daily use of touch panels. When this molecular hydrogel was fabricated into a surface capacitive touch panel, real-time sensing and reliable touch locating abilities were achieved. Remarkably, this touch panel can be reconfigured into 1D, 2D, and 3D device structures by a simple stirring–remolding method under ambient conditions. This work brings new insight into enriching the functionalities of hydrogel-based ionotronics with a supramolecular approach.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）