ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
·
2019
·
IF 4.012
Changkun Xie,Lubing Yan,Anze Liang,Shengquan Che
The PM on plant surface being washed into soil during the rain is one of the key processes for plants to reduce atmospheric PM . This study attempted to explore the PM 2.5 washoff processes from different tree leaves during rain events (<16 mm/h) using an artificial rainfall simulation experiment. We aimed to improve our knowledge of processes associated with PM 2.5 reduction and to provide a basis for accurately evaluating the ability of plants to reduce PM 2.5 . This is the first study showing that the PM 2.5 washoff processes from leaves follow quartic functions and 4 pattern curves under different conditions were categorized. They respectively explained the PM 2.5 washoff processes in broad-leaved trees with large leaves and simple crowns (bimodal curved), in conifer species with small leaves and complex crowns under high rainfall intensity (unimodal curved), in trees with extremely complex crowns under high rainfall intensity (continually-rising curved), and in conditions under which extremely high water interception efficiency but rather low water storage capacity occur (U-shaped curved). These curves indicate that the amount of PM 2.5 on leaves was not necessarily reduced in rainfall events. The general ranking of the average values of PM 2.5 number on leaves surface during rain events was Cedrus Deodara (40.3 × 10 3 /cm 2 ), Japanese Maple (33.0 × 10 3 /cm 2 ) > Dragon Juniper (14.7 × 10 3 /cm 2 ), Dawn Redwood (12.6 × 10 3 /cm 2 ) > Common Boxwood (6.4 × 10 3 /cm 2 ), Lotus Magnolia (4.1 × 10 3 /cm 2 ). The cycles of PM 2.5 accumulation and removal on broad-leaved trees might be shorter than that of conifers, meaning that they may have a better PM 2.5 washoff efficiency during rain, which is opposite to the PM 2.5 deposition efficiency. Higher rainfall intensity can reduce the cycle length and enhance the PM 2.5 washoff efficiency.
研究领域:
生态学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 9
·5478-5486
·
IF 3.119
Xiawei Yun,Zhiyuan Xiong,Yaning He,Xiaogong Wang
In this work, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was used as a material to fabricate superhydrophobic lotus-leaf-like surfaces through soft-lithographic duplication. In the process, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamp was prepared by replica molding against the surfaces of fresh lotus leaves that functioned as masters. A dispersion of octadecylamine-modified reduced graphene oxide (ODA-RGO) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used as “ink”. The lotus-leaf-like surfaces were fabricated by microcontact printing on the solid substrates. The results showed that due to the good processibility of the ODA-RGO dispersion, the printed layers display papillary micro/nano-structures with high fidelity to the surfaces of lotus leaves. The RGO-based lotus-leaf-like surfaces possess superhydrophobic characteristics with a water contact angle larger than 160° and the contact angle hysteresis less than 5°. Due to the excellent chemical stability of the RGO sheets, as-prepared surfaces show remarkable superhydrophobic stability. The lotus-leaf-like surfaces maintain the superhydrophobicity after heating treatment at 150 °C for 24 h or being exposed to corrosive solutions with different pH values for 12 h. The present findings prove that the RGO-based material is an ideal candidate for fabrication of environment-durable lotus-leaf-like surfaces, which can be expected to have applications in different areas.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面工程学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2017
·
IF 3.387
Hao Yang,Yuantao He,Zhongqiang Wu,Jing Miao,Fang Yang,Zhong Lu
Superhydrophobic metal coatings have been extensively studied in recent years because of their significant potential applications. Unfortunately, most of them lost the original metallic luster due to the micro/nano binary structures. In this paper, a facile method was developed to prepare a superhydrophobic and high-glossy copper coating on aluminum substrates. The bionic lotus leaf surfaces were constructed by electroless plating method and further modified with octadecanethiol. The wettability and gloss could be tuned by the concentration of the precursor. With the increase of CuSO 4 concentration, the surface roughness of the coating raised, thus resulting in increase of contact angle and decrease of glossiness. When the CuSO 4 concentration was 30 mmol/L, the coating exhibited a sub-micro/nano binary structure, in which 20–30 nm protuberances were grown on 300–500 nm mastoids. Such special morphology endowed the coating with superhydrophobic and high-glossy properties, and the coating also showed ultra-low water adhesion and stable dynamic water repellence.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
表面工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Materials Interfaces
·
2018
·Vol. 5
·期 19
·1800723
·
IF 4.834
Neha Suvindran,Feiran Li,Yunlu Pan,Xuezeng Zhao
Biomimicry elucidates nature's faultless synchronization of structure with function inspiring researchers to create designs that can achieve maximum performance with minimalistic resource exhaustion. Nature has evolved the invasive species Tradescantia pallida ( T. pallida ) with the ability to survive in drought lands. Since this species requires humidity to survive in those conditions it can be inferred that the T. pallida partakes of foliar atmospheric water harvesting. Herein, the wettability is tested with the study establishing that the leaf exhibits para-hydrophobicity while demonstrating a static contact angle of 165°, whereas the morphological characterization reveals a complex hierarchical sculpturing with macroscale trichomes and parallel venations. Moreover, it is identified that the foliar water uptake occurs via the para-hydrophobic surface and the hydrophobic trichomes subsequently guiding the water along the parallel channels creating a leaf that has an efficient dual way water harvesting system. These features render it capable of surviving in any habitat that validates nature's perfect unification of structure and function. Such multifunctional surfaces are a rarity thereby making them desirable for smart water harvesting designs. Thus inspired, a replica is developed which mimics the wettability with functional artificial trichomes and a potential dual way patterned water harvesting concept is presented.
研究领域:
植物学
·
材料科学
·
仿生学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2021
·Vol. 22
·期 14
·7312
·
IF 5.924
Qin Lu,Nawaz Haider Bashir,Hai-Xia Wu,Weiwei Wang,Jinwen Zhang,Yongzhong Cui,Hang Chen
Rhus potaniniiMaxim is an economically and medicinally important tree species in China. It produces galls (induced by aphids) with a high abundance of tannins. Here, we discuss the histology, cellular structures and their distribution, and the macromolecular components of secretive glandular trichomes on the leaves ofR. potaninii. A variation in the density of glandular trichomes and tomenta was found between the adaxial and abaxial sides of a leaf in different regions and stages of the leaf. The glandular trichomes onR. potaniniitrees comprise a stalk with no cellular structure and a head with 8–15 cells. Based on staining, we found that the secretion of glandular trichomes has many polysaccharides, phenolic compounds, and acidic lipids but very few neutral lipids. The dense glandular trichomes provide mechanical protection for young tissues; additionally, their secretion protects the young tissues from pathogens by a special chemical component. According to transcriptome analysis, we found enhanced biosynthetic and metabolism pathways of glycan, lipids, toxic amino acids, and phenylpropanoids. This shows a similar tendency to the staining. The numbers of differentially expressed genes were large or small; the averaged range of upregulated genes was greater than that of the downregulated genes in most subpathways. Some selectively expressed genes were found in glandular trichomes, responsible for the chitinase activity and pathogenesis-related proteins, which all have antibacterial activity and serve for plant defense. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing the components of the secretion from glandular trichomes on the leaf surface ofR. potaninii.Keywords:distribution pattern;gene expression pattern;glandular trichome;histological structure;secretion;plant defense
研究领域:
植物学
·
遗传学
·
植物生理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nano Energy
·
2021
·
IF 17.881
Liqin Yao,Zhao Zhang,Qi-long Zhang,Zheng Zhou,Hui Yang,Lu Chen
A lot of efforts have been devoted to enhance the outputs of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) via optimizing the friction materials in recent years. Here, the modified organic polystyrene (PS) microspheres embedded Poly[(vinylidene fluoride)-co-trifluoroethylene] P(VDF-TrFE) composites are developed to construct lotus-leaf surface microstructure and enhance the permittivity of P(VDF-TrFE). Besides, owing to the rich positively charged -NH 3 groups of the hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium-bromide (CTAB) in the solvent, the surface potential of composites is significantly improved by CTAB modified PS microspheres. Coupling of designed surface microstructure, high permittivity, and enhanced surface potential, the TENG assembled by P(VDF-TrFE) (+) and Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, -) exhibits considerable outputs (the short-circuit current density and peak power density are 47.45 mA/m 2 and 7.88 W/m 2 , respectively), much higher than those of pristine P(VDF-TrFE) and unretouched PS/P(VDF-TrFE). In the applications, 413 LEDs in series can be lighted up directly by the TENG without energy storage. A smart mouse pad is also proposed to work as the self-powered sensor to detect typical mouse motions. This research provides a comprehensive solution to optimize the positive friction material in simple and feasible methods of surface/interface design and surface potential regulation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）