WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2022
·Vol. 233
·期 6
·1-10
·
IF 2.984
Xu Ying,Zhou Zhengwei,Xue Yingang,Wu Jun
Synthetic musks (SMs), as a group of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), have been widely detected in the environment at ng L −1 ~ μg L −1 levels and require our serious attention regarding their presence, toxicity and treatment technologies. In this study, ferrate (Fe 2 O 4 2− , Fe(VI)) was employed to treat two typical SMs, galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN), in water solutions. The treatment efficiencies of trace level HHCB and AHTN compounds (16 μg L −1 each) in individual and mixed solutions by Fe(VI) (0–45 mg L −1 as Fe) at pH 5.5–8.5 were assessed, and oxidation products of both compounds were also investigated by means of solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC–MS). Results demonstrated that Fe(VI) was more suitable to remove HHCB than AHTN from test solutions. Specifically, when solution pH was 6.5 and Fe(VI) dose was 15–18 mg L −1 as Fe, the removal efficiencies of HHCB and AHTN in individual test solutions were up to 60% and 40%, respectively. Comparatively, much higher Fe(VI) doses were required (up to 38 mg L −1 as Fe) in order to achieve considerable removal efficiencies of both compounds in mixed test solutions. Solution pH played an important role and neutral conditions would benefit the removal of both compounds. In addition, several oxidation products (OPs) of both HHCB and AHTN were identified, and degradation pathways were then tentatively proposed. Finally, engineering aspects of Fe(VI) technology in full-scale water treatment applications were also discussed.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2024
·
IF 6.2
Xue Zhang,Xu Wan,Jianhui Zhao,Xiaohua Guo,Zhenxin Wang,Zishan Diao,Wenpeng Li,Yameng Zhao,Xirui Zhao,Weijia Wang,Xiaohan Zhang,Shuguang Wang,Xianzheng Yuan
The widespread utilization of synthetic musks (SMs) in various consumer and personal care products (PCPs) has led to human external exposure through dermal absorption, inhalation of volatile fragrances, and ingestion of contaminated foods, dust, and liquids. Nonetheless, investigations comparing external and internal exposures in humans remain limited in China, particularly regarding internal exposure assessments in blood, which have lacked follow-up over the past decade. In this study, data concerning the concentrations of SMs in 135 blood samples (68 females and 67 males) obtained from residents of Shanghai are provided, representing the sole publication within the last decade on this topic. The findings suggest a potential association between SM concentrations in females and their income and ages. Additionally, the concentrations in blood are higher than in urine, suggesting that relying solely on urine assessments may underestimate health risks associated with internal exposure. Furthermore, data on internal exposure in human fluids reveal SMs' potential transfer to infants via breast milk, posing substantial threat. Noteworthy, we quantify total external exposure across various pathways for Chinese population. Our findings indicate that PCPs are identified as the predominant source of external exposure for adolescents and adults. However, in the case of infants and children, food ingestion, and PCPs dermal absorption make substantial contributions, representing 80.53 % and 16.06 % of the total for infants, and 69.96 % and 22.40 % for children, respectively. Notably, the total estimated daily intake (EDI), derived from urine analysis, falls notably below the total external exposure. While the contribution of each SM exhibits considerable variability, which can be ascribed to the distinct metabolic pathways of these compounds in vivo. Hence, additional research on the metabolism and transformation of SMs in humans is urgently needed for better human health risk assessment in the future.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
公共卫生
·
毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 409
·期 22
·5239-5247
·
IF 3.431
Xie Lijun,Liu Shuqin,Han Zhubing,Jiang Ruifen,Zhu Fang,Xu Weiqin,Su Chengyong,Ouyang Gangfeng
The fiber coating is the key part of the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique, and it determines the sensitivity, selectivity, and repeatability of the analytical method. In this work, amine (NH 2 )-functionalized material of Institute Lavoisier (MIL)-53(Al) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, characterized, and applied as the SPME fiber coating for efficient sample pretreatment owing to their unique structures and excellent adsorption properties. Under optimized conditions, the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al)-coated fiber showed good precision, low limits of detection (LODs) [0.025–0.83 ng L -1 for synthetic musks (SMs) and 0.051–0.97 ng L -1 for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs)], and good linearity. Experimental results showed that the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) SPME coating was solvent resistant and thermostable. In addition, the extraction efficiencies of the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) coating for SMs and OCPs were higher than those of commercially available SPME fiber coatings such as polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane–divinylbenzene, and polyacrylate. The reasons may be that the analytes are adsorbed on NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) primarily through π – π interactions, electron donor–electron acceptor interactions, and hydrogen bonds between the analytes and organic linkers of the material. Direct immersion (DI) SPME–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry methods based on NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) were successfully applied for the analysis of tap and river water samples. The recoveries were 80.3–115% for SMs and 77.4–117% for OCPs. These results indicate that the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) coating may be a promising alternative to SPME coatings for the enrichment of SMs and OCPs.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Analytical Methods
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 19
·2434-2442
·
IF 2.596
Lian Wen,Peng Wu,Lei-Lei Wang,Li-Zong Chen,Ming-Lin Wang,Xia Wang,Jin-Ming Lin,Ru-Song Zhao
Covalent organic frameworks with tunable porous crystallinity and outstanding stability have recently exhibited fascinating pretreatment performance as solid-phase microextraction coatings. In this report, a β-ketoenamine-linked covalent organic framework (TpPa-1) was successfully constructed through a Schiff-base-type reaction between 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) and para-phenylenediamine (Pa-1). A TpPa-1 coating was then fabricated on a stainless-steel fiber for capturing trace synthetic musks. This TpPa-1 coating exhibited strong interaction with synthetic musks because of its hydrophobicity and π–π affinity. This TpPa-1-based solid-phase microextraction methodology, coupled with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, provided high enrichment factors (1214–12 487), wide linearity (0.5–1000 ng L−1), low limits of detection (0.04–0.31 ng L−1), and acceptable reproducibility (relative standard deviation, <10%) for nine synthetic musks. Recoveries at three spiked levels in three types of water samples were between 76.2% and 118.7%. These results indicated the promising applicability of the TpPa-1 as a solid-phase microextraction fiber coating for reliably detecting trace concentrations of synthetic musks in the environment.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）