STAR Protocols
·
2024
·
IF 1.3
Zengguang Sui,Yunren Sui,Zhixiong Ding,Haosheng Lin,Fuxiang Li,Wei Wu
Summary Passive thermal management with zero-energy consumption and high compactness has drawn increasing attention. Here, we present a protocol to develop a hygroscopic salt-loaded heat sink with a moisture-permeable membrane encapsulation technique for electronics cooling. We describe steps for preparing lithium bromide solution and heat sink with anti-corrosion graphene coating. We then detail procedures for preparing the hygroscopic salt-loaded membrane-encapsulated heat sinks (HSMHSs). The produced low-cost HSMHS exhibits remarkably high thermal management performance without the risks of leakage and corrosion. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sui et al. 1
研究领域:
材料科学
·
热能工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials Today Physics
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Danyan Zhan,Changhui Fu,Zhengting Yu,Guangyi Tian,Yuxuan He,Xionggang Chen,Zhiguang Guo
Hygroscopic salt-hydrogel-based atmospheric water harvesting (HAWH) technology represents an auspicious approach to alleviating the water crisis, as it is not limited by factors such as climactic. Reducing hygroscopic salt leakage is of the utmost importance to maintaining the technology's consistent performance. Consequently, we have developed a composite hygroscopic material (PPy-AAC-LiCl) with in situ loaded polypyrrole (PPy) as a photothermite. The in-situ loading of PPy not only achieves the photothermal performance of PPy-AAC-LiCl but also enhances the hygroscopic performance, which is due to the presence of nitrogen atoms in the structure facilitating the formation of hydrogen bonds between water molecules, and reduces the leakage of hygroscopic salts attributed to its ability to inhibit the increase in pore size after hygroscopicity of PPy-AAC-LiCl. The experimental results show that PPy-AAC-LiCl has effective hygroscopic performance at relative humidity (RH) of 30 %–90 %. The hygroscopicity at 25 °C and RH 70 % was about 1.53 g water g adsorbents −1 after 12 h. After ten hygroscopicity-desorption cycles, the hygroscopicity of the samples did not decrease significantly, and no white crystals appeared on the surface of the samples during the desorption process. Furthermore, PPy-AAC-LiCl demonstrated effective atmospheric water harvesting capabilities in outdoor trials, exhibiting a desorption rate of 87.6 % and a moisture absorption rate of 1.26 g water g adsorbents −1 . The preparation of this simple and environmentally friendly hygroscopic composite material lays the foundation for the future development of atmospheric water materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2025
·
IF 16
Yi Hu,Yu Chen,Jianing Xu,Wanli Cheng,Yi Lu,Guangping Han,Orlando J. Rojas
Aerogels incorporating hygroscopic salts have been widely explored for atmospheric water harvesting (AWH). However, the scalability of these sorbents remains limited due to their reliance on energy-intensive and time-consuming drying methods such as lyophilization or supercritical drying. Here, we present a simple and scalable approach to drying hydrogels with desirable AWH properties using a freezing process followed by solvent exchange and thawing at room temperature. Our system consists of cellulose and silica nanofibers, forming hybrid xerogels with ultralow density (10.86 ± 0.32 mg cm–3), high specific surface area (104.22 m2 g–1), excellent water stability, and mechanical strength. By incorporating carbon-based photothermal materials and lithium chloride as a hygroscopic salt, the xerogels achieve exceptional water uptake capacities ranging from 0.90 to 3.21 g g–1 across a relative humidity (RH) range from 15 to 75%. Under natural sunlight, the AWH xerogel produces water at a rate of 1.17 g g–1 day–1. These results highlight a sustainable and scalable AWH strategy, leveraging ambient-dried xerogels as an energy-efficient solution to mitigate water scarcity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Zhiguang Guo,Guangyi Tian,Changhui Fu
Water scarcity has become one of the largest crises in the world, especially for people living in arid areas. Among all water sources, atmospheric water has the advantages of less geographical limitation and less environmental impact of the water production process. The use of solar-powered atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) has become a viable solution to the problem of water scarcity in arid regions. MOF-303 is a robust and water-stable MOF that collects water at low relative humidity (RH ≤ 30%) and releases it under mild heating. However, its actual demonstrated water absorption remains unsatisfactory, which limits its application in the field of water harvesting. Here, we propose a high-performance composite adsorbent of hygroscopic salt-modified MOF, and obtain the composite adsorbent MOF-303@LiCl by confining LiCl in the pores of MOF-303. The composite adsorbent exhibited excellent water absorption of 0.61 g g-1 at low relative humidity (25℃, 30% RH) and high adsorption kinetics (adsorption saturated at 80 min). By adding a certain proportion of the photothermal material CB, MOF-303@LiCl could be heated up to 66.1℃ under one solar irradiation and achieved desorption within 60 min. The adsorption-desorption cycle of this composite adsorbent can be fed by natural sunlight without the need for optical focusing and additional energy input. The fast adsorption-desorption kinetics allow for multiple cycles of AWH in a single day, which has great potential in water harvesting.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Haining Shi,Hui Wang,Xiangting Hou,Xiang Yang,Zhaoyong Bian
The utilization of photothermal conversion materials to enhance the desorption performance of hygroscopic salt solutions through interfacial photothermal effects presents a promising approach for the continuous extraction of water from the atmosphere. To improve the desorption efficiency of hygroscopic salt solutions, the objective of this research is to employ agricultural and forestry residues, such as corn straw, in conjunction with polyurethane sponges, for the production of an innovative Janus structure carbonized biomass photothermal conversion material. Compared to single-layer structured photothermal conversion materials, the pure water evaporation rate increased from 2.42 kg m -2 h -1 to 3.20 kg m -2 h -1 when utilizing the Janus structured photothermal conversion material. Remarkably, this material demonstrates outstanding resistance to salt, allowing it to endure 8 h evaporation cycles with 30 wt% NaCl without salt crystallization. Therefore, it is well-suited for the continuous desorption of liquid hygroscopic agents. Moreover, the portable air–water extraction device, which incorporates Janus structural photothermal conversion material to enhance the performance of 30 % LiCl, has been shown to effectively extract water in practical settings. It achieves a water intake rate of 1.74 L m -2 d -1 at 50 % humidity. This approach is distinguished by its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and efficient utilization of solar energy resources, providing a promising solution to mitigate the shortage of fresh water resources.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
·
2024
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IF 6.4
Qianwen Liu,Caiyan Qin,Qunzhi Zhu,Wenjing Wu,Xiaomeng Wang
Solar-driven sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SSAWH) technology stands as a promising avenue for sourcing freshwater in arid and remote regions. For real-world large-scale applications, the effective water absorption capacity , broad humidity absorption range, and rapid desorption properties of adsorbent materials have been the main goals of the research area. In this context, we have developed a binary salt composite adsorbent material (PAMg-Li) for solar-driven water harvesting by integrating binary hygroscopic salts MgSO 4 particles and LiCl particles, activated carbon fiber (ACF), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The inherent porous structure and interconnected channels at micro and nano scales of PAMg-Li facilitate water absorption, and obtained satisfactory water absorption rate even at 30% relative humidity (RH). It has been shown to be able to achieve a high water storage capacity and realize water desorption under natural light. A home-made device based on PAMg-Li obtained a water evaporation rate of 0.084 kg/(m 2 ·h) under solar radiation intensities ranging from 200 to 850 W/m 2 . The PAMg-Li material developed in this work can be a candidate for a more practical and effective choice for SSAWH.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Yijie Duan,Yifu Gao,Zetao Ren,Yehui Li,Zhichun Si,Hongda Du,Yanbing He,Dong Zhou,Wei Lv,Feiyu Kang
Water scarcity has become a global problem and caused a lot of conflicts. Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is a promising way to address water shortage issue. However, traditional adsorbent materials such as silica gels and zeolites suffer from low water productivity and high regeneration temperature. Hygroscopic salts like LiCl are regarded as a perspective substitution. Salt-modified metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and hydrogels are employed to alleviate the salt aggregation but they are limited to expensive fabrication or sluggish adsorption kinetics. Herein, we demonstrate an asymmetric double-layer design of LiCl@CC (carbon cloth)/PAM with separated function of water adsorption/desorption and water storage in different layer. This double-layer design not only enhances the mechanical properties but also shows an improved water adsorption kinetics compared to common salt-composite hydrogels. In experimental test, the LiCl@CC/PAM exhibits excellent water uptake of 1.5 g g −1 under 60 % RH in 4 h and fast water desorption under sunlight in 1.5 h. In outdoor test, LiCl@CC/PAM based device presents a daily water uptake of 5.12 g g −1 day −1 . Meanwhile, all the materials used and fabrication process are feasible to scale up, which provides a possible solution to the global crisis of water scarcity.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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水资源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Lizheng Jin,Zheng Yang,Qing Liu,Jingyi Sun,Boyu Liu,Zheyu Gui,Yue Wu,Kangxin Zhu,Lvfu Song,Xi Chen,Xin Zheng,Sai Wu,Zhehong Shen,Hao Chen,Yajun Pang
Solar-powered atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) technology shows great promise for solving water shortage problems for inland and arid regions. The development of low-cost and low-environmental impact sorbent materials with high water absorption and photothermal properties is critical for their large-scale application. Here, this work develops a high-performance hygroscopic salt-based composite sorbent for solar-powered AWH by taking agricultural waste straw as an example. The straw-based sorbent is facile to prepare, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and offers favorable adsorption and desorption properties. Specifically, high porosity, excellent hydrophilicity, and photothermal conversion properties can be integrally achieved by phytic acid-assisted one-step hydrothermal pretreatment of waste straw, thereby yielding a highly efficient straw/salt-based composite sorbent that can absorb water from the atmosphere over a broad humidity range and rapidly release it when exposed to sunlight. The prepared composite sorbent displays water adsorption from ~0.50 g g −1 to 1.29 g g −1 in the range of 30 % and 90 % relative humidity, exhibiting good capacity to obtain water from the atmosphere. Moreover, solar-driven evaporation desorption can be successfully achieved with an ~0.82 kg m −2 h −1 evaporation rate, double that of the original straw material, showing excellent solar-driven desorption efficiency. Furthermore, the composite sorbent demonstrates promising practical utilization by achieving ~0.81 g g −1 water adsorption and succeeding in condensing and harvesting 69 % of it in the outdoor test under natural conditions. This study provides an affordable solar-powered solution for atmospheric water harvesting together with promoting high-value utilization of agricultural waste.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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能源工程
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可持续技术
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水资源管理
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绿色化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Wenpeng Hong,Lei Kang,Yinzhen Li,Wei Yan,Jingrui Lan,Yuan Chang,Haoran Li
Hygroscopic salt composite hydrogels (HSCHs) offer a promising solution for combating global water scarcity by harvesting atmospheric water. Importantly, this is aided by an interior water gradient that facilitates ion transport, which opens up opportunities for power generation. The current and potential outputs are restricted by inadequate water collection and excessive cross-link density. Herein, a novel zwitterionic nanocomposite conductive hydrogel (ZNCH) is introduced to resist polyelectrolyte changes by leveraging the salt-in effect of cationic and anionic functional groups. The poly-[2-(methacryloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide-based ZNCH endows the HSCH with an enhanced swelling property together with an improved water storage capacity. The adsorption capacity of water reaches 3.0 g g −1 after 10 h of operation at 25 °C and 90% RH. More importantly, ZNCH replaces H bonds with Li bonds under the Hofmeister effect, resulting in the generation of a substantial number of free H + ions. These endow the ZNCH with highly efficient power generation performance, associating with a short-circuit current of up to 945 μA, a current density of 945 μA cm −1 , and an open-circuit voltage of 0.802 V. This work motivates the improvement of materials and devices that convert energy from atmospheric water.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 18.5
Yuxuan He,Yihang Zhang,Bocheng Xiang,Changhui Fu,Huayang Zhang,Danyan Zhan,Zhiguang Guo
Hygroscopic salt hydrogel photothermal composites and related technology are a promising pathway for water harvesting. However, due to the overly cumbersome preparation process, the distribution of the surface photothermal layer is difficult to control and the photothermal efficiency is low. In this paper, a method is proposed to greatly simplify the preparation process of photothermal layer hydrogels and improve their atmospheric water harvesting performance by constructing temperature-sensitive interpenetrating networks. Due to the decomposition of some reversible hydrated structures in the network during heating and warming, carbon nanotubes move autonomously to form a layered structure with a photothermal effect on the upper surface, which can return to its original state after cooling and remain stable at room temperature or under solar illumination. Compared with hydrogels with general layered structure or overall distribution of photothermal materials, agar/GG/PAM/CNT hydrogel has faster moisture adsorption efficiency and higher desorption efficiency, and during the 24 h continuous sorption–desorption cycle is capable of achieving high water yield of 2.57 L water kg sorbents −1 day −1 , superior to most recent hydrogel adsorbents. Simplifying the preparation process while maintaining high efficiency, while greatly improving photothermal performance, paves the way for cost-effective mass production applications for a wide range of hygroscopic salt-hydrogel photothermal composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 27.4
Jiajun Sun,Feng Ni,Jincui Gu,Muqing Si,Depeng Liu,Chang Zhang,Xiaoxue Shui,Peng Xiao,Tao Chen
Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH) is a promising technology to alleviate freshwater scarcity. Recently, hygroscopic salt-hydrogel composites (HSHCs) have emerged as attractive candidates with their high water uptake, versatile designability, and scale-up fabrication. However, achieving high-performance SAWH applications for HSHCs has been challenging because of their sluggish kinetics, attributed to their limited mass transport properties. Herein, a universal network engineering of hydrogels using a cryogelation method is presented, significantly improving the SAWH kinetics of HSHCs. As a result of the entangled mesh confinements formed during cryogelation, a stable macroporous topology is attained and maintained within the obtained entangled-mesh hydrogels (EMHs), leading to significantly enhanced mass transport properties compared to conventional dense hydrogels (CDHs). With it, corresponding hygroscopic EMHs (HEMHs) simultaneously exhibit faster moisture sorption and solar-driven water desorption. Consequently, a rapid-cycling HEMHs-based harvester delivers a practical freshwater production of 2.85 L water kg sorbents −1 day −1 via continuous eight sorption/desorption cycles, outperforming other state-of-the-art hydrogel-based sorbents. Significantly, the generalizability of this strategy is validated by extending it to other hydrogels used in HSHCs. Overall, this work offers a new approach to efficiently address long-standing challenges of sluggish kinetics in current HSHCs, promoting them toward the next-generation SAWH applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
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水资源管理
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 8
·1851
·
IF 4.2
Jian Yan,Wenjia Li,Yingyin Yu,Guangyu Huang,Junjie Peng,Daofei Lv,Xin Chen,Xun Wang,Zewei Liu
Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is considered a promising strategy for sustainable freshwater production in landlocked and arid regions. Hygroscopic salt-based composite sorbents have attracted widespread attention for their water harvesting performance, but suffer from aggregation and leakage issues due to the salting-out effect. In this study, we synthesized a PML hydrogel composite by incorporating zwitterionic hydrogel (PDMAPS) and MIL-101(Cr) as a host for LiCl. The PML hydrogel was characterized using various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The swelling properties and water vapor adsorption-desorption properties of the PML hydrogel were also assessed. The results demonstrate that the MIL-101(Cr) was uniformly embedded into PDMAP hydrogel, and the PML hydrogel exhibits a swelling ratio of 2.29 due to the salting-in behavior. The PML hydrogel exhibited exceptional water vapor sorption capacity of 0.614 g/g at 298 K, RH = 40% and 1.827 g/g at 298 K, RH = 90%. It reached 80% of its saturated adsorption capacity within 117 and 149 min at 298 K, RH = 30% and 90%, respectively. Additionally, the PML hydrogel showed excellent reversibility in terms of water vapor adsorption after ten consecutive cycles of adsorption-desorption. The remarkable adsorption capacity, favorable adsorption-desorption rate, and regeneration stability make the PML hydrogel a potential candidate for AWH. This polymer-MOF synergistic strategy for immobilization of LiCl in this work offers new insights into designing advanced materials for AWH.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）