Water
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 24
·4085
·
IF 3.53
Wenxuan Li,Xueli Wang,Haizhen Kong,Dan Zhang
Increased anthropogenic activities have caused cadmium pollution in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, which is harmful to human health. This paper investigated aqueous Cd2+adsorption using biochar of three typical vegetation types in cold and arid areas of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: (i) Chinese wolfberry (GBB), (ii) highland barley (QBB), and (iii) seabuckthorn (SBB). In order to investigate the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the performance of biochar for cadmium adsorption, three types of biochar were prepared at 350 °C, 500 °C, and 650 °C. The as-prepared biochar was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric (TG), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Brauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The results showed that the biochar prepared at 650 °C had the best adsorption capacity. Compared with QBB and SBB, the GBB had a higher Cd2+adsorption capacity of 19.48 mg/g. Moreover, the effects of biochar dosage, experimental temperature, and biochar preparation temperature on the adsorption of Cd2+by biochar and the interaction between the factors were investigated using Box–Behnken Design (BBD). As a result, the amount of biochar dosage showed the most obvious influence on Cd2+adsorption capacity, followed by sample preparation temperature and experimental adsorption temperature. This study paves the way for the design of biochar for Cd2+adsorption in wastewater.Keywords:biochar;adsorption;response surface methodology;heavy metal cadmium
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
STARCH-STARKE
·
2021
·
IF 2.741
Hui Yang,Rihui Lin,Yanye Fan,Sai Jiang,Yujiao Lin
The rosin acid starch (RAS) is prepared under the catalysis of lipase, by esterification on the starch particles' surface in a two-phase reaction system, using rosin acid and native cassava starch as starting materials. The effects of reaction time, solvent types, substrate ratio, reaction temperature, and lipase dosage on the degree of substitution (DS) of RAS are investigated. Based on the single factor experiments, the reaction conditions are optimized according to the principle of the combination Box-behnken centered design and response surface methodology analysis. The mathematical model of the influence of reaction temperature, material ratio, and enzyme addition amount on DS is established. The optimum synthesis conditions are determined as follows: solvent, trichloromethane; reaction time, 10 h; reaction temperature, 59 °C; substrate ratio (m Rosin acid :m starch) , 4.1; and lipase dosage, 264 µL. Under these conditions, it is found that the DS is 0.0608. The analysis of variance and verification experiments show that the mathematical model has good fit degree and high credibility. Compared with the native cassava starch, RAS has improved contact angle, emulsion capacity, and emulsion stability.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2019
·Vol. 24
·期 15
·2842
·
IF 3.06
Li Duan,Chenmeng Zhang,Chenjing Zhang,Zijing Xue,Yuguang Zheng,Long Guo
TheArtemisia argyileaf (AL) has been used as a traditional medicine and food supplement in China and other Asian countries for hundreds of years. Phytochemical studies disclosed that AL contains various bioactive constituents. Among bioactive constituents, phenolic acids have been recognized as the main active compounds in AL. To the best of our knowledge, no research has been focused on extraction method for the bioactive phenolic acids from AL. Nowadays, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are emerging as a new type of green and sustainable solvent for efficient extraction of bioactive compounds from natural products. In the present study, an environmentally friendly extraction method based on DESs was established to extract bioactive phenolic acids from ALs. Diverse tailor-made solvents, including binary and ternary DESs, were explored for simultaneous extraction of four phenolic acids (3-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid) from AL. The results indicated that the ternary DES composed of a 2:1:2 molar ratio of choline chloride, malic acid, and urea showed enhanced extraction yields for phenolic acids compared with conventional organic solvents and other DESs. Subsequently, the extraction parameters for the four phenolic acids by selected tailor-made DESs, including liquid–solid ratios, water content (%) in the DESs, and extraction time, were optimized using response surface methodology and the optimal extraction conditions were: extraction time, 23.5 min; liquid–solid ratio, 57.5 mL/g (mL of DES/g dry weight of plant material); water content, 54%. The research indicated that DESs were efficient and sustainable green extraction solvents for extraction of bioactive phenolic acids from natural products. Compared to the conventional organic solvents, the DESs have a great potential as possible alternatives to those organic solvents in health-related areas such as food and pharmaceuticals.Keywords:deep eutectic solvents;Artemisia argyileaves;phenolic acids;extraction;response surface methodology
研究领域:
植物化学
·
药学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 314
·期 3
·1607-1618
·
IF 1.282
Liu Huijun,Qi Caixia,Feng Zhiyuan,Lei Lanlin,Deng Shanxia
The adsorption of thorium(IV) was studied using a novel supramolecular polyrotaxane based on β-cyclodextrin derivatives. The effects of pH, contact time, Th(IV) initial concentration and adsorbents dosage on the adsorption of thorium(IV) by polyrotaxane were optimized using Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology. Analysis of variance and correlation coefficients showed that the predicted model was consistent with the experimental data well. The adsorption best fitted to the Langmuir model indicated that the adsorption process happened on homogeneous surface. The thermodynamic parameters (∆ G
0 < 0, ∆ H
0 > 0, ∆ S
0 > 0) demonstrated that the adsorption of Th(IV) ions onto polyrotaxane was spontaneous and endothermic.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 7
·1370
·
IF 4.324
Zhenfeng Lin,Ziwei Pan,Yuhao Zhao,Lin Qian,Jingtao Shen,Kai Xia,Yongfu Guo,Zan Qu
PPy-Fe3O4/Kaolin was prepared with polypyrrole functionalized magnetic Kaolin by a simple, green, and low cost method to improve the agglomeration and low adsorption capacity of Kaolin. PPy-Fe3O4/Kaolin was employed to remove Hg2+and the results were characterized by various methods. Relevant factors, including solution pH, dosage of adsorbent, concentration (C0), and temperature (T), were optimized by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Designs (CCD). The optimal results show that the importance for adsorption factors is pH >T>C0> dosage, and the optimal adsorption conditions of PPy-Fe3O4/Kaolin are pH = 7.2,T= 315 K,C0= 50 mg/L, dosage of 0.05 g/L, and the capacity is 317.1 mg/g. The adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. Dubinin–Radushkevich model shows that adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. Moreover, the adsorption of mercury by PPy-Fe3O4/Kaolin was achieved mainly through electrostatic attraction, pore diffusion, and chelation between amino functional groups and Hg2+. PPy-Fe3O4/Kaolin has excellent reproducibility, dispersity, and chemical stability, and it is easy to be separated from solution through an external magnetic field. The experiments show that PPy-Fe3O4/Kaolin is an efficient and economical adsorbent towards mercury.Keywords:magnetic material;polypyrrole;kaolin;response surface methodology;mercury
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MICROENCAPSULATION
·
2015
·
IF 1.585
Sha-Sha Li,Guo-Feng Li,Li Liu,Hui Li,Xiao Jiang,Xue-Ling Li,Zhi-Gang Liu,Ting Zuo,Li-Dong Weng,Qiang Liu
In this study, a central composite rotatable design based on response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to design and formulate an appropriate paeonol microparticle formulation. Five levels of a three-factor, rotatable, central composite design were used to evaluate the critical formulation variables. The optimum conditions for preparing paeonol-loaded microparticles were predicted to be: polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) content (2.84%), the ratio of drug to polymer (6.88) and the stirring rate (1007.59 rpm). The optimized responses for production yield and loading efficiency were found to be 68.86% and 55.90%, respectively, and the particle size were 23.27 ± 0.76 µm and the sorting coefficient (σ) was 0.732. Furthermore, in vitro release study suggested that microparticle could be a suitable delivery system in treating skin disease for its sustained release of drug. In conclusion, RSM can be successfully used to optimize the effect of formulation variables.
研究领域:
药剂学
·
药物递送系统
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2023
·
IF 4.1
Xingchang Cha,Juanjuan Ding,Wenyan Ba,Shengping You,Wei Qi,Rongxin Su
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter with important physiological functions such as sleep assistance and anti-depression. In this study, we developed a fermentation process for the high-efficiency production of GABA by Lactobacillus brevis (Lb. brevis) CE701. First, xylose was found as the optimal carbon source that could improve the GABA production and OD600 in shake flasks to 40.35 g/L and 8.64, respectively, which were 1.78-fold and 1.67-fold of the glucose. Subsequently, the analysis of the carbon source metabolic pathway indicated that xylose activated the expression of the xyl operon, and xylose metabolism produced more ATP and organic acids than glucose, which significantly promoted the growth and GABA production of Lb. brevis CE701. Then, an efficient GABA fermentation process was developed by optimizing the medium components using response surface methodology. Finally, the production of GABA reached 176.04 g/L in a 5 L fermenter, which was 336% higher than that in a shake flask. This work enables the efficient synthesis of GABA using xylose, which will provide guidance for the industrial production of GABA.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
生物工程
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
An Wang,Meiling Wu,Zhongyuan Li,Yuqiang Zhou,Zhanbin Huang
In this study, sulfuric acid modified steel slag (SS-HS) was prepared using a one-step hydrothermal synthesis method, utilizing converter steel slag as the raw material, to remove heavy metal Pb 2+ from water. Single-factor experiments were conducted to determine the influence of different factors on the adsorption capacity. The obtained material was characterized using EDS and FT-IR to analyze its composition. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the preparation conditions of SS-HS, and the optimal conditions were determined as follows: sulfuric acid dosage of 8.07 mL, reaction time of 9.98 h, and reaction temperature of 99.44 ℃. SS-HS was prepared under the optimized conditions obtained from the response surface methodology. The physicochemical properties of the prepared SS-HS were analyzed using SEM , EDS, and BET. It was observed that the specific surface area of SS-HS increased from 8.0041 m 2 /g to 131.8312 m 2 /g. The average pore volume was 0.2101 cm 3 /g and the average pore size was 6.3737 nm for mesoporous material. Additionally, the influence of different adsorption conditions on the adsorption capacity of Pb 2+ was investigated. The optimum adsorption conditions reached the maximum adsorption amount of 193.05 mg/g at Pb 2+ solution concentration of 700 mg/L, adsorbent mass of 0.03 g, temperature of 55 °C, pH= 5. To further understand the adsorption process , kinetic and isotherm models were established. The results indicated that the adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model, suggesting a monolayer chemical adsorption . XPS analysis was employed to determine the composition and valence state of the materials, confirming that the adsorption mechanism of SS-HS primarily involved electrostatic adsorption, ion and ligand exchange , and surface precipitation. This study not only introduces a novel approach for the resource utilization of steel slag but also presents an innovative adsorbent for efficient removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solutions.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
STARCH-STARKE
·
2024
·Vol. 77
·期 2
·2400050
·
IF 2.6
Xuesheng Qin,Chengzheng Wang,Zhe Zhang,Wei Ma
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) has attracted much attention because it is a harmful pollutant. In this study, acid hydrolyzed hydrothermal double modified starch (AHS) and hydroperoxide oxidized starch (HOS) are prepared from natural starch and used for the reduction of chromium (VI) in aqueous systems. The effects of hydrothermal acidolysis and oxidative modification of starch on the reduction rate of Cr(VI) are discussed, including the changes of solubility, swelling power, particle size, content of straight-chain starch, and carbonyl/carboxylic group content. The results of response surface methodology (RSM) optimization show that the influence of reaction conditions on the reduction rate of Cr(VI) by NS is as follows: reaction time > initial pH of solution > reaction temperature > starch to Cr(VI) mass ratio; and on the reduction rate of Cr(VI) by AHS and HOS is as follows: initial pH of solution > reaction time > starch to Cr(VI) mass ratio > reaction temperature.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Xiaoran Li,Kehui Cen,Liangcai Wang,Dongxia Jia,Xiefei Zhu,Dengyu Chen
Cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin constitute the basic components of biomass. Knowledge of the interactions between cellulose and lignin during pyrolysis is crucial for unraveling the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass. In this study, for the co-pyrolysis of cellulose and lignin to produce biochar, three influencing factors were selected: pyrolysis temperature (400–800 °C), residence time (5–30 min), and lignin percentage (0–100 %). Pyrolysis experiments were conducted in a vertical tube furnace and the impact of these three factors on the characteristics of biochar was comprehensively explored employing response surface methodology. The results revealed obvious differences between actual values and theoretical values. Specifically, the results showed that the interaction between cellulose and lignin increased the biochar yield, oxygen content, volatile content, and ash content by 6.14 %, 22.85 %, 30.95 %, and 46.75 %, respectively. In contrast, the carbon content, fixed carbon content, and HHV of biochar were relatively reduced by 9.38 %, 11.80 %, and 3.3 %, respectively. Furthermore, Raman spectra of biochar showed that the actual value of graphitization degree of biochar was higher than the theoretical value. This was further corroborated by XPS analysis, wherein owing to the interactions between cellulose and lignin, the actual C-C bond content decreased in contrast to the theoretical value. However, the contents of C-O, C O, COOH functional groups, and aromatic rings increased. Finally, the summary of the co-pyrolysis rules of cellulose and lignin provided a reference for optimal pyrolysis conditions and understanding the mechanism of co-pyrolysis.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
生物质工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemistrySelect
·
2024
·Vol. 9
·期 28
·e202401039
·
IF 1.9
Xueqi Wang,Kai Li,Fei Wang,Lei Shi,Shuangyou Bao,Jiacheng Bao,Xin Sun
Graphical In this study, we prepared the thermally modified copper slag catalyst CS-CaO-900 and applied it to a pilot-scale Fenton-like denitrification system. In single-factor experiments, the effects of six factors, namely inlet NO concentration, H 2 O 2 concentration, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, L/G ratio, and pH value, on desulfurization and denitrification were investigated. Through analysis of the experimental results, the three factors that had the greatest impact on the maximum denitrification efficiency, namely pH value, H 2 O 2 concentration, and reaction temperature, were selected. The response surface methodology was employed to investigate the significance of the three factors and optimize the parameters, and it was finally determined that the initial pH of the slurry had the greatest impact on the maximum denitrification efficiency, followed by the H 2 O 2 concentration. At the same time, the combination of initial slurry pH and reaction temperature, initial slurry pH and H 2 O 2 concentration also had a large impact on the maximum denitrification efficiency, and the combination of reaction temperature and H 2 O 2 concentration had a non-significant impact on the denitrification efficiency. And through the model optimization to get the best parameters, denitrification experiments under this parameter to achieve the maximum denitrification efficiency of 91.5 %, for further industrial application to provide reference and guidance. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the experimental factors influencing the simultaneous removal of NOx and SO 2 in a spray tower wet scrubbing experiment. Thermally modified copper slag (CS-CaO-900) was prepared by heat treating the original copper slag. The performance of CS-CaO-900 in the synchronized removal of NOx and SO 2 was then evaluated in an expanded experimental setup. Based on single-factor experimental results, the Box-Behnken design of RSM was used to optimize the reaction parameters in a two-stage sequential reactor (bubbling reactor + spray tower). NOx removal efficiency was modeled as a function of reaction temperature, pH, and H 2 O 2 concentration. Regression curves provided a visual representation of the interaction effects among these parameters on NOx removal efficiency in the thermally modified copper slag/H 2 O 2 composite slurry. This study elucidates the characteristics of each parameter under wet scrubbing conditions and provides essential data for industrial applications.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Catalysts
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 7
·1119
·
IF 3.9
Yinke Zhang,Lu Li,Zihan Shang,Hang Xu
In this study, nickel cobaltate (NiCo2O4) powders are employed as a catalyst in conjunction with persulfate for the development of a catalytic oxidation system to enhance fuel desulfurization. The hydrothermal synthesis conditions of NiCo2O4powders, which significantly influenced the desulfurization efficiency, were optimized using a response surface methodology with a Box–Behnken design. These conditions were ranked in the following order: calcination temperature > hydrothermal temperature > calcination time > hydrothermal time. Through the optimization process, the ideal preparation conditions were determined as follows: a hydrothermal temperature of 143 °C, hydrothermal time of 6.1 h, calcination temperature of 330 °C, and calcination time of 3.7 h. Under these optimized conditions, the predicted desulfurization rate was approximately 85.8%. The experimental results closely matched the prediction, yielding a desulfurization rate of around 84%, with a minimal error of only 2.1%. To characterize the NiCo2O4powders prepared under the optimal conditions, XRD, SEM, and TEM analyses were conducted. The analysis revealed that the microscopic morphology of NiCo2O4exhibited a rectangular sheet structure, with an average particle size of 20 nm. Additionally, fan-shaped NiCo2O4particles were observed as a result of linear and bundle agglomerations. Thus, this work is innovative in its ability to synthesize nano-catalysts using hydrothermal synthesis in a controllable manner and establishing a correlation between the hydrothermal synthesis conditions and catalytic activity.Keywords:response surface methodology;hydrothermal synthesis;nickel cobaltate;desulfurization;optimization
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）