CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.3
Yaxi Zhang,Licheng Song,Xiang Wei,Qian Liu,Zhen Song,Zhiwen Qi,Hongye Cheng
Efficient separation of aromatics and alkanes in light cycle oil (LCO) is critical for upgrading LCO into high-value chemicals; however, the energy costs of the entire extraction-regeneration process, influenced by LCO composition and extractant selection, remain inadequately explored, thereby limiting the economic viability of LCO upgrading. In this work, the influences of aromatic structure and composition in both raw and hydrotreated LCO on extraction, regeneration, and process energy consumption were systematically investigated. Two levulinic acid-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were employed as benchmark solvents. Liquid-liquid equilibrium experiments demonstrated that diaromatic-rich LCO significantly enhances extraction efficiency compared with monoaromatic-rich feeds. Process simulations further confirmed that diaromatic-rich LCO reduces total energy consumption by ∼23.3 % compared with hydrotreated LCO using TBPB:LEA (1:4). Both DESs can achieve ≥98 % aromatic purity and recovery; however, TBPB:LEA (1:4) favors energy savings owing to its higher distribution coefficient (up to 0.665 for 1-methylnaphthalene and 0.219 for tetralin), whereas TPAB:LEA (1:4) is preferred when higher aromatic purity (≥99 %) is required due to its higher selectivity (up to 539 for 1-methylnaphthalene and 208 for tetralin). These findings offer valuable guidance for optimizing feedstock and solvent selection strategies toward energy-efficient separation of aromatics and alkanes during LCO upgrading.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 41
·期 11
·1733-1746
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IF 4.3
Wei Chunxiang,Gao Tianyu,Xu Yu,Yang Wenjie,Dai Guangjian,Li Ruiting,Zhu San E.,Yuen Richard K. K.,Yang Wei,Lu Hongdian
The integration of high mechanical toughness, impact strength as well as excellent flame-retardant properties toward epoxy resins (EPs) have always been a dilemma. The inadequate overall performance of EPs severely restricts their sustainable utilization in engineering aspects over long-term. Herein, a new bio-based agent (diglycidyl ether of magnolol phosphine oxide, referred as DGEMP) derived from magnolol (classified as lignan), extracted from natural plants Magnolia officinalis, was successfully synthesized and further employed as a flame-retardant reactive additive to diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). As demonstration, the composite resin, DGEBA/15DGEMP (15 wt% DGEMP), achieved an Underwriters Laboratories-94 V-0 rating with a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) value (41.5%). In cone calorimeter tests, it showed that heat release and smoke production were effectively inhibited during combustion, wherein the peak heat release rate (PHRR) value of DGEBA/15DGEMP was reduced by 50% compared to neat DGEBA. Additionally, it exhibited a superior tensile strength (82.8 MPa), toughness (5.11 MJ/m 3 ) and impact strength (36.5 kJ/m 2 ), much higher than that of neat DGEBA (49.7 MPa, 2.05 MJ/m 3 and 20.9 kJ/m 2 ). Thus, it is highly anticipated that DGEMP imparts significantly improved mechanical and fire-retarded properties to conventional EPs, which holds a great potential to address the pressing challenges in EP thermosets industry.
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CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2023
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IF 5.3
Wensheng Wei,Yuxin Wang,Zizhen Yan,Jiaxiang Hou,Guangwen Xu,Lei Shi
Three quaternary ammonium ionic liquids with strong nucleophilicity and distinctive structures were synthesized with high yield and purity based on the 1,2-propylene glycol anion (CH 3 CH 2 OHCH 2 O - ) derived from transesterification products. Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) was in turn produced via a one-step reaction among propylene oxide (PO), CO 2 , and methanol (MeOH) by using the synthesized ionic liquids. The involved two-stage catalytic reaction of PO-CO 2 cycloaddition and PC-MeOH transesterification was implemented without catalyst separation. Under mild conditions, the PO conversion reached 99.0%, with a PC yield of 99.0%, and a TON value of 119.5. Following the cycloaddition, MeOH was immediately introduced to achieve a PC conversion of 71.2%, a selectivity to DMC above 99%, and a TON value of 57.4 for the transesterification reaction. The influences of temperature as well as time for cycloaddition and transesterification were investigated. Cycloaddition of CO 2 with various epoxides was also examined and all showed good performance. By taking advantage of the decomposability of as-prepared ionic liquids and the recyclability of decomposition products, a new catalyst circulation process was designed to complete the full cycle without introduction of any impurities into the product system.
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Materials Today Sustainability
·
2023
·
IF 7.8
G. Yang,H. Sun,R. Liu,J. Shi,X. Tong
Heterogeneous catalytic and selective C–C bond cleavage is considered as the important way for the production of high valuable compounds from large-molecule-weight feedstock . In this article, a sustainable and efficient aerobic oxidative C–C bond cleavage of lignin models is developed with the bismuth-based solid catalyst. Therein, the flower-like Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 exhibits a high photocatalytic efficiency in the reaction medium combined of n-butanol and tetramethylammonium bromide. For example, the selective oxidative C–C bond cleavage of 1-phenyl-ethane-1, 2-diol has been successfully carried out, where the substrate conversion and the selectivity of benzaldehyde was 95% and 99%, respectively. The study exhibited that the amount of oxygen vacancies plays a significant role on the photocatalytic selective aerobic oxidative cleavage processes. Moreover, the selective aerobic oxidative C–C bond cleavage of different lignin models was investigated, and all the yields of corresponding products are more than 90% with this photocatalytic system. Furthermore, the used flower-like Bi 2 O 2 CO 3 can be recycled at least 5 times without the obvious decrease of catalytic activity .
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Materials Today Chemistry
·
2022
·
IF 7.613
X. Sun,S. Chen,B. Qu,Y. Zheng,X. Liu,W. Li,R. Wang,Q. Chen,D. Zhuo
With the increased demand for three-dimensional (3D) printing technology in various fields, it is important to develop high-performance resin that could withstand temperature changes to expand their application potential. A new photosensitive oligomer (BDM–DDM–ETPS–GMA) based on epoxy-terminated polyether siloxane (ETPS) and bismaleimide diphenylmethane/4, 4′-diaminodiphenylmethane (BDM–DDM) resin was synthesized and then mixed with other oligomers, reactive diluents, and photoinitiators to prepare a novel 3D printing resin. The results show that the resulting resins exhibit good fluidity and rapid photopolymerization ability, which satisfies the rheological prerequisites of 3D printing resin. Moreover, the incorporation of BDM–DDM–ETPS–GMA can simultaneously improve the cryogenic stiffness and toughness of commercial resin. Specifically, the tensile strength , elongation at break, flexural strength , impact strength , and storage modulus at −30 °C of modified resin with 15% BDM–DDM–ETPS–GMA are 151.2 MPa, 10.9%, 146.2 MPa, 9.8 kJ/m 2 , and 4,131 MPa, respectively, which are about 2.81, 1.70, 1.37, 1.81, and 1.54 times of that of commercial resin. A synergistic enhancement mechanism is believed to be attributed to these results, which includes the introduced flexible siloxane chain and the rigid bismaleimide structure as well as decreased cross-linking density. These attractive features of modified resins suggest that the method proposed herein is a new approach to develop high-performance 3D printing photosensitive resin simultaneously with outstanding cryogenic strength and toughness and thus has wide application potential in the aerospace, military industry, and other cutting-edge fields.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
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2023
·
IF 6
Tao Zhou,Xiaoqing Zhang,Minglu Bu,Caihong Lei
Bio-based epoxy resins, which will replace petroleum-based ones, are gaining attention. In this work, three magnolol-based epoxy oligomers with varied structural unit rigidities (biphenyl, monophenyl, and aliphatic chains) were synthesized. Both the processability and the reactive activation of curing systems improved as structure unit rigidity decreased. “First-time curing resins” had only an epoxy-amine curing network, while “second-time curing resins” had dual curing networks. The structural unit rigidity regulated the thermal properties of first-time curing resins, which decreased with decreasing rigidity. However, P-MHQ-EP-n/DDM-1 had better mechanical properties than DGEBA/DDM, e.g., its impact strength (6.2 kJ/m 2 vs. 4.5 kJ/m 2 ) increased by 37.8%, indicating that moderate structural unit rigidity allows for good deformation and absorbs impact energy due to chain mobility. The second-time curing resins with increased crosslinking sites had better heat resistance (with a T g increase of over 71.6%), thermal stability, and char residue in comparison to the first-time curing resins. More impressively, P-MBP-EP-n/DDM-2 and P-MHQ-EP-n/DDM-2 obtain a LOI values greater than 39.0% and UL 94V-0 ratings because they have high-rigidity structural units and high crosslinking densities. In conclusion, well-balanced biobased epoxy resins could be made by regulating the structure-unit rigidity of epoxy oligomers and curing procedures.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2022
·Vol. 33
·期 5
·2210735
·
IF 19.924
Binbin Su,Jiance Jin,Kai Han,Zhiguo Xia
Scintillators with high light yield, low detection limit, large X-ray attenuation efficiency as well as stable and nontoxic compositions are of great importance for radiation detection applications. Here, 0D (C 8 H 20 N) 2 Cu 2 Br 4 single crystals are obtained and show blue emission peaking at 468 nm with a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield of 99.7%, a large Stokes shift of 148 nm (i.e., negligible self-absorption), and a good environmental stability along with strong X-ray absorption capability. Moreover, a high light yield of up to ≈ 91 300 photons/MeV and a low detection limit of 52.1 nGy air s −1 are realized, which is more than one hundred times lower than the dose rate of 5.5 µGy air s −1 required for X-ray medical diagnostics. (C 8 H 20 N) 2 Cu 2 Br 4 ceramic wafer scintillation screen is fabricated by a cold pressing sintering process, and the clear contrast images of opaque metal box and electronic component with a spatial resolution of 9.54 lp mm −1 are realized. This study not only designs a new lead-free metal halide scintillator, but also develops a universal strategy for the preparation of large-sized scintillator screen in nondestructive X-ray imaging.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2022
·
IF 6.449
Baikai Zhang,Wenzhi Li,Xu Li
This work is dedicated to the selective conversion of lignin. A nickel, tin, and sulfur-doped aluminum phosphate zeolite catalyst was developed for the selective production of lignin-derived monomers. The acidity and hydrogenation sites of this catalyst can be flexibly adjusted, and it exhibits a high yield (26.7%) for monomers with a nearly 68.8% conversion of lignin at 235 °C. The results show that Brønsted acid can increase the conversion of lignin and has a high selectivity for trans-ferulic acid, while Lewis acid and hydrogenation sites can promote the production of monomers with low oxygen content. The excellent stability and simple preparation method provide the possibility for the application of this depolymerization technology. This work could be a reference for the development of lignocellulosic biomass.
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ACS Omega
·
2022
·
IF 4.132
Zhiqiang Liu,Yilun Cai,Feifan Song,Jiajin Li,Jian Zhang,Yi Sun,Guoqiang Luo,Qiang Shen
The great challenge facing additive manufacturing is that the available high-performance 3D printing materials can hardly keep up with the rapid development of new additive manufacturing technology. Then, the commercial resins available in the market have some problems, such as poor thermal stability, insufficient light-curing degree, and large shrinkage after curing, which need to be solved urgently. This study reports a photocurable polyimide ink for digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing to prepare controllable 3D structures with high thermal stability, low shrinkage, and excellent comprehensive properties. In this study, pyromellitic dianhydride and diaminodiphenyl ether, the Kapton polyimide with the highest performance synthesized so far, were selected as raw materials, and 2,2′-bis(3,4-dicarboxylic acid) hexafluoropropane dianhydride containing fluorine was introduced to modify the branched-chain structure. The polyimide was prepared by one-step imidization, and then the graft with photocurable double bonds and certain functions was grafted by reaction of glycidyl methacrylate with phenolic hydroxyl groups. In this work, the solubility of the synthesized oligomer polyimide in organic solvents was greatly increased by combining three methods, thereby allowing the formation of ink for photocuring 3D printing, and the ink can be stacked to form low-shrinkage polyimide with complex controllable shape. Polyimide printed by DLP can produce complex structures with good mechanical character and thermal stability and small shrinkage. Therefore, the polyimide prepared in this study is considered to be a resin of great commercial possibility. In addition, due to its properties, it has important development potential in some fields with high demand for thermal stability, such as high-temperature cooling valves, aerospace, and other fields.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.634
Shanshan Tu,Xiaojie Yu,Qinghua Ji,Qiannan Ma,Cunshan Zhou,Li Chen,Clinton Emeka Okonkwo
With the deepening of the research on the conversion of cellulose biomass to furfural, there is no green and efficient method to separate sugars and 5-HMF. This study utilized a thermoreversible aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) coupled with tetrabutylammonium bromide ([N 4444 ]Br)- based deep eutectic solvents (DES) and inorganic salts for separating glucose and 5-HMF. The thermal characteristics of DESs were analyzed by thermogravimetry (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermoreversible phase behavior of ATPS was determined by phase diagram. Furthermore, the process factors were optimized, such as the type and concentration of DES and phosphate, the temperature, and the time of ATPS were investigated, to maximize the separation of glucose and 5-HMF. Finally, the ATPS was a successful integrated catalytic reaction of glucose involving CrCl 3 and 5-HMF separation. The results showed that the ATPS consist of 30 wt% [N 4444 ]Br-EG and 25 wt% K 2 HPO 4 had the most efficient extraction rate, 5-HMF reached 96.0 ± 0.6%, and mainly existed in the DES phase, while glucose was enriched in salt phase, and the extraction rate reached 99.9 ± 0.03%. And the 5-HMF yield reached 25.6 ± 1.1% in the production separation integrated platform. This thermoreversible ATPS may provide a guide for the effective extraction of furfural from biomass-derived glucose.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2022
·
IF 10.383
Jinling Yang,Xiang Li,Jianrong Zhang,Yang Zhou,Yuanyuan Wang
All-inorganic metal nanocrystals (NCs) offer an ideal platform for atomically precise surface design and show improved electrocatalytic activity compared to conventional NCs capped with organic ligands. Here, we show the possibility of obtaining colloidal all-inorganic Au NCs directly from magic-size clusters (MSCs) with the assistance of inorganic molecules, NOBF4 or Na2S2O8. The unique advantages of NOBF4 or Na2S2O8 as both oxidizing agents and stripping ligands are taken to tune the surface state of Au25(PET)18–TOA+ MSCs and assemble them to form either positively or negatively charged all-inorganic Au NCs. We show that positively charged all-inorganic Au NCs can be further modified with different functional groups, which provide the possibility to meet the target requirements. We found that the negatively charged NCs exhibit improved faradaic efficiency (FE = 92%) for the reduction of CO2 to CO at −0.369 V (vs RHE) and a 5-fold increase in current density compared to organic-capped Au NCs (FE = 67%). In addition, we extended this approach to other MSCs and formed all-inorganic metal NCs with different compositions and morphologies. The use of simple inorganic ligands to induce the conversion from MSCs to metal NCs enriches the current solution process of synthesizing all-inorganic NCs and can open up more opportunities for designing colloidal nanocrystal catalysts.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 5.165
Jiaqiang Liu,Xiandi Yu,Yan Xu,Yifang Zhao,Dan Li
Structural delamination of bulk layered metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) remains a great challenge, largely owing to a lack of general synthetic strategies. Here, we reported a simple solvent-free intercalation strategy for the delamination of rare-earth-based MOF (RE-MOF) with a topology structure of MIL-78 by tuning the chain length of quaternary ammonium salts. Four types of quaternary ammonium salts, involving tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB), tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPAB), tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were introduced to investigate their intercalation capabilities. It is evident in our case that the interruption/intercalation behavior of quaternary ammonium salts differs with their steric structures, and the chain-like CTAB can induce obvious delamination of MIL-78 crystals. Particularly, the CTAB-intercalated ultrathin Eu-based MIL-78 nanosheets exhibited unique selective photoelectrochemical sensing property toward trace amounts of Fe3+ ions in aqueous solution with a detection limit of 0.0899 μM at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. These results demonstrated a green bottom-up strategy to obtain high-quality RE-MOF nanosheets for potential photocurrent response applications.
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