INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Shuxia Wei,Mengyuan Huang,Wenbo Liao,Zichen Li,Zhili Li,Yong Sun
Cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali (CAOSA) is an efficient pretreatment method for biomass. For better grading of the lignin yellow liquor, the different lignin fractions and the recovered solid alkali were obtained using a simultaneous acid-alkali graded separation method. The results indicated that the recovery rate of solid alkali was 67.25 %, and the grading of lignin components was characterized by smaller dispersion coefficients, and more stable properties and structure. Lignin fractions with low dispersion coefficients possess more key structures, including the Phenol hydroxyl group (ArOH), Methoxy (OMe), and β-aryl ether (β-O-4), and have better thermal properties. The low molecular weight L4 has the highest ArOH content (2.1 mmol/g), which provides better antioxidant properties. The CAOSA process destroyed the S-unit and prevented lignin from condensation. Furthermore, the CAOSA process protected carbohydrates, which could effectively prevent them from dehydrating and re-polymerizing into pseudo-lignin. This allowed the pulp to remain natural, which was beneficial for subsequent transformation and utilization. Overall, the efficient separation of biomass components and lignin grading method proposed by combining the CAOSA process with the acid-alkali grading separation method has a strong application prospect and provides a theoretical basis for the high-value utilization of biomass and lignin.
研究领域:
生物质能
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Sustainable Energy & Fuels
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2018
·Vol. 2
·期 10
·2206-2214
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IF 0
Ning Ding,Xiaoqiang Song,Yetao Jiang,Bin Luo,Xianhai Zeng,Yong Sun,Xing Tang,Tingzhou Lei,Lu Lin
Cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali (CAOSA), developed by our group, is a promising alternative to both clean pulping and biomass pretreatment since it is a facile technique with advantages of environmental benignity and easy alkali recovery. Through comparative analysis using 2D-HSQC NMR, the superior delignification efficiency of the CAOSA process could be attributed to the more efficient cleavage of the benzene ring in lignin, which is in sharp contrast to the conventional pulping route. Abundant organic acids were detected in the product solution, which is also known as yellow liquor (YL). In addition, acid insoluble degradation products (AIDPs) containing aromatic compounds were present in the YL, which were separated and collected. The low AIDP content in the YL suggested the highly efficient decomposition of the aromatic rings. This delignification study not only presents a deeper investigation of the CAOSA process itself but also provides guidance for further research on biomass-lignin degradation.
研究领域:
生物质能
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林产化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
Journal of Cleaner Production
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2020
·
IF 7.246
Ning Ding,Huai Liu,Yong Sun,Xing Tang,Tingzhou Lei,Feng Xu,Xianhai Zeng,Lu Lin
Non-phenol structure in lignin is difficult to be degraded under alkaline conditions, thus limiting the delignification efficacy in many pretreatment technologies . Intriguingly, the non-phenol structures can be degraded into low-molecular-weight products in cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali process. Herein, model compounds were adopted to investigate the degradation mechanism of lignin non-phenol structure under same conditions. Two pathways of converting the non-phenol structure to degradable structures are found: 1) After the C α -C β bond cleavage at the lignin side chain, the benzoic structure intermediates are degraded; 2) After hydrolysis of the aryl-ether bond, the phenol structure intermediates are then degraded. Moreover, the degradation of the phenol structure intermediates will further promote the hydrolysis of the ether bonds, thus resulting in the improvement in the delignification process. This work describes a novel pathway in lignin oxidation degradation and helps to understand the chemistry of lignin degradation process in related alkaline oxidation pretreatment technologies .
研究领域:
林产化学与技术
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生物质能
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有机化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2024
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IF 5.6
Miaorou Dai,Yangyang Dong,Sen Ma,Lihui Gan,Lu Lin,Jian Liu
This work proposed a two-step pretreatment method of cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali (CAOSA) followed by dilute sulfuric acid treatment (DA), to contribute enzymatic hydrolysis of corn cob . The first step, CAOSA pretreatment , removed 83.16 % of the lignin, while the second step, a milder pretreatment with DA further eliminated hemicellulose . After the two-step pretreatment , the cellulose content of the residue reached 66.74 %, and with a solid loading of 5 %, the glucose yield was remarkably high at 98.35 % with a concentration of 36.47 g/L. The optimal conditions of the process were determined as follows: DA with 1 % H 2 SO 4 at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10, a temperature of 110 ℃, and a pretreatment time of 60 min. To confirm the efficacy of the two-step pretreatment, we characterized the samples treated with different methods using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The developed method proposes an effective pretreatment and results in the complete enzymatic hydrolysis of corn cob.
研究领域:
生物化学
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可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2019
·Vol. 9
·期 7
·3661-3668
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IF 3.049
Lei Ao,Wei Zhao,Yin-shuang Guan,Ding-kai Wang,Kai-shuai Liu,Tian-tian Guo,Xing Fan,Xian-yong Wei
The aldol-condensation reaction of biomass-derived furfural and cyclopentanone coupled with hydrogenation/hydrodeoxygenation is a promising route for the production of renewable high-quality diesel or jet fuel. In this paper, we focus on the heterogeneously catalyzed aldol condensation of furfural with cyclopentanone, in order to maximize the yield of 2,5-bis(2-furylmethylidene)cyclopentan-1-one (F2C, a C15 fuel precursor). Experiments were conducted over a series of solid-base catalysts and it was found that potassium fluoride impregnated alumina shown the highest catalytic efficiency. We further investigated the effect of different parameters on the performance of KF/γ-Al2O3, including KF loading amount, solvent, reaction time and temperature. Over KF/γ-Al2O3 with a 33% KF loading amount, the aldol reaction achieved an F2C molar yield up to 95.4% at 333 K within 2 h. Under the nearly optimal condition, the separated solid product is almost F2C with a purity of 100%, providing a high-quality biofuel precursor for the next processing step.
研究领域:
化学工程
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可再生能源
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ChemCatChem
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Dancheng Zhu,Yuchen Cao,Yuchen Qian,Weijie Yu,Yuxuan Xu,Hao Xu,Jun Qiao,Chao Shen,Jiabin Shen
Graphical This study develops amino-modified Ti 3 C 2 /Mg 3 Al-LDH composites as solid base catalysts for aldol reactions. The composite reduces surface agglomeration, enhances active site exposure, and increases basicity, achieving 99% product yield under optimized conditions (60 °C, 30 min). It retains > 91% efficiency over five cycles, demonstrating superior stability and catalytic performance compared to non-modified LDHs. Aldol reaction is an important class of industrially catalyzed reactions for synthesizing high-value fine chemicals. Traditionally conducted under alkaline conditions, these reactions often utilize liquid alkali catalysts, which present challenges such as difficult separation and recovery and undesirable side reactions promoted by the catalyst. Solid base catalysts have received much attention and research in recent years to address these issues. In this study, magnesium–aluminum layered double hydroxides (MgAl-LDHs) were synthesized using magnesium chloride hexahydrate, aluminum chloride hexahydrate, and anhydrous sodium carbonate. These were subsequently combined with amino-modified Ti 3 C 2 to form composite materials. Characterization of the prepared Mg 3 Al-LDH/Ti 3 C 2 -NH 2 composites was conducted using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirming the successful preparation of the composite material. The prepared Mg 3 Al-LDH/Ti 3 C 2 -NH 2 was applied as a catalyst in the aldol condensation reaction. Key factors such as catalyst dosage, reaction time, acetone amount, and temperature were investigated to optimize catalytic efficiency. Under optimal conditions—100 mg Mg 3 Al-LDH/Ti 3 C 2 -NH 2 , a reaction time of 0.5 h, 200 mg of p -nitrobenzaldehyde, 1 mL of acetone, and a reaction temperature of 60 °C—a yield of 99% was achieved. The result demonstrates that Mg 3 Al-LDH/Ti 3 C 2 -NH 2 exhibits excellent catalytic activity and holds promising potential for application in solid base catalysis.
研究领域:
材料科学
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
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2018
·
IF 6.377
Xing-Xia Yang,Yi-Tong Wang,Ya-Ting Yang,Er-Zhong Feng,Jia Luo,Fan Zhang,Wen-Jing Yang,Gui-Rong Bao
The transesterification activity of several solid base catalysts in biodiesel production was systematically studied and evaluated at room temperature. Commercialized calcined silicates showed stronger transesterification ability than other commonly-used oxides, and provided considerable biodiesel yields. Biodiesel yield of >96% was obtained for Na 2 SiO 3 catalyst (calcined at 400 °C) at 28 °C within 12 h with methanol/oil molar ratio of 12/1 and catalyst dosage of 5 wt%, and for CaSiO 3 catalyst (calcined at 550 °C) at 28 °C within 24 h with methanol/oil molar ratio of 27/1 and catalyst dosage of 23 wt%. The high activity of Na 2 SiO 3 came from low activation energy of 104.6 kJ/mol and considerable higher pre-exponential factor of 3.73 × 10 15 min −1 , which produced high turnover frequency of 0.234 min −1 at 28 °C. The introduction of CA-O-Si structure in CaSiO 3 resulted in high surface basicity of 0.70 mmol/g and high pre-exponential factor of 3.79 × 10 19 min −1 but high activation energy of 136.4 kJ/mol. The loss of catalyst activity was mainly due to the variation of surface silicate structure during transesterification.
研究领域:
化学工程
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可再生能源
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2020
·Vol. 10
·期 28
·16481-16489
·
IF 3.119
Ning Ding,Huai Liu,Xianhai Zeng,Yong Sun,Xing Tang,Lu Lin
Effluent from biomass pretreatment industries affects a substantial proportion of industrial wastewater and can be troublesome to treat. In a new environmentally benign biomass pretreatment approach based on cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali (CAOSA), some precipitates were found to be produced while the effluent (yellow liquor) was treated with alcohol or acid. Based on the precipitation approaches, component contents in CAOSA yellow liquor were successfully made clear, consisting of 57.19 wt% low molecular weight acid salts, 15.47 wt% lignin, 4.30 wt% saccharides and 23.04 wt% inorganic salts. Different organic solvents were tested as the precipitants, and when ethanol was used, over 81 wt% of the compounds in the yellow liquor could be precipitated. Meanwhile, 89.2% of the solid alkali consumed in CAOSA pretreatment could be recovered, showing prospects for primary effluent treatment. Furthermore, CAOSA lignin (CL) was recovered by acid precipitation from yellow liquor. By characterization, CL was found to have lower molecular weight and higher β-O-4 bond (60.05%) ratio than milled wood lignin (MWL, 48.64%), and thus, it might be a more ideal feedstock for further valorization.
研究领域:
环境科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
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2019
·
IF 7.181
Wenlei Xie,Fei Wan
In the current research, a porous solid base catalyst (ZIF-90-Gua) was prepared through covalent post-functionalization of zeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF-90 with organic guanidine via an imine condensation reaction. Various techniques such as XRD, SEM, FT-IR, XPS, EDX, TPD, Hammett indicator titration and nitrogen porosimetry measurements were employed to characterize the as-prepared solid catalyst. It was shown that the organic guanidine had been bound on the ZIF-90 frameworks by covalent imine linkages, and the primary crystalline structure of the imidazolium-based ZIF-90 was essentially maintained after the guanidine incorporation. This ZIF-90-Gua catalyst possessed an enhanced basicity, and interconnectivity, leading to highly catalytic activities. As a robust catalyst, the catalytic performances were evaluated in the heterogeneous transesterification of soybean oil with methanol for biodiesel production, and the maximum oil conversion to biodiesel of 95.4% was attained at reaction temperature of 65 °C, with a methanol/oil molar ratio of 15:1, catalyst dosage of 1 wt% (based on the oil mass) within reaction duration of 6 h. The solid catalyst could be easily recovered by filtration and reused for five times without significant decay of the catalytic activity, showing that it has great potential to be used as an efficient and durable catalyst for the clean production of biodiesel.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化材料
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可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2016
·Vol. 18
·期 20
·5510-5517
·
IF 8.506
Guang-Yue Xu,Jian-Hua Guo,Yan-Chao Qu,Ying Zhang,Yao Fu,Qing-Xiang Guo
Cyclohexanol and alkyl cyclohexanol are important chemical intermediates. It is meaningful to prepare cyclohexanols from non-fossil-based biomass. Here we report Ru/ZrO2–La(OH)3, a metal-solid base bifunctional catalyst, to show its excellent performance on the partial hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenols. Guaiacol could be converted to cyclohexanol with a 91.6% yield in water. Alkyl phenols with one or two methoxy groups were converted into alkyl cyclohexanols with yields over 86.9%. The catalyst had good activity of removing a methoxy group and retaining a hydroxyl group. In this catalyst, Zr and La interacted with each other to form a mixed (hydr)oxide, thus making ZrO2–La(OH)3 a stable support. Ru was highly dispersed on the ZrLa support. The pathway from guaiacol to cyclohexanol was investigated and proposed as two parallel ways, demethoxylation followed by hydrogenation (I), the saturation of the aromatic ring through hydrogenation and then demethoxylation through direct hydrogenolysis (II).
研究领域:
催化化学
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生物质能
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有机化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 8.848
Wen-Jie Cong,Yi-Tong Wang,Hu Li,Zhen Fang,Jie Sun,Hai-Tong Liu,Jie-Teng Liu,Song Tang,Lujiang Xu
Biodiesel was directly one-step produced from waste oils without pretreatment catalyzed by a solid base alkalized from spent bleaching clay (SBC) ash. Optimized conditions were obtained with 99.1% biodiesel yield from soybean oil with an orthogonal design. The base catalyst was stable within 8 cycles (>95% biodiesel yield) and resistant to saponification (AV = 9.7 mg KOH/g, 96.5% biodiesel yield). The base was characterized with XRD, EDX-mapping, FT-IR, XRF and TPD, and it had similar strong basicity to Na 2 SiO 3 (0.21 vs. 0.22 mmol/g for Na 2 SiO 3 ) with active sites of Na 2 O and CH 3 ONa evolved from Na 2 SiO 3 and NaAlSiO 4 by reactions of NaOH with oxides (e.g., SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 ) in SBC ash. Furthermore, the base was magnetized with magnetism of 6.86 emu/g by carbonizing residual oil in SBC as carbon support and reductant (of Fe 2 O 3 to magnetic Fe 3 O 4 particles). It catalyzed soybean oil to produce biodiesel with 99.2% yield and blended oil (AV = 5.9) to biodiesel with 91.9% yield without any saponification. The catalyst was magnetically separated and reused for 3 cycles with 87% yield. The non-magnetic base could also efficiently catalyze actual SBC oil for the production of biodiesel with 95% yield at AV of 10. This work realized the full use of inorganics in SBC, and its oil for direct biodiesel production at a low temperature (i.e., 65 vs. 120 °C with sulfuric acid process) without wastes produced and results can easily find practical applications for waste oils.
研究领域:
能源科学
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环境科学
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Particuology
·
2018
·
IF 2.785
Jinbiao Yang,Tiesen Li,Xiaojun Bao,Yuanyuan Yue,Haiyan Liu
A rapid and environmentally friendly approach to synthesize hierarchical sodalite from natural aluminosilicate mineral without the involvement of any mesoporogen or post-synthesis treatment was developed. This strategy involves three important steps: the first is the depolymerization of an aluminosilicate mineral into highly reactive silicon and aluminum species with ideal meso-scale structures through activation of a sub-molten salt. The second step is the hydrolysis and condensation of the activated aluminosilicate mineral into zeolitic precursors that also have a meso-scale structure. The third is the rapid zeolitization of the zeolitic precursors through the reversed crystal growth route at room temperature and ambient pressure to form hierarchical sodalite. The physicochemical properties of the as-synthesized sodalite were systematically characterized, and the formation mechanism of the hierarchical pore structure was discussed. When used as a solid base catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation, the as-synthesized sodalite and its potassium ion-exchanged product with hierarchical micro–meso–macroporous structure both exhibited high catalytic activity and product selectivity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）