Li Yunlong,Wang Baoying,Chang Yafeng,Yang Yuting,Yao Chunzhi,Huang Xinqi,Zhang Jinbo,Cai Zucong,Zhao Jun
Replant failure has threatened the production of Sanqi ginseng ( Panax notoginseng ) mainly due to the accumulation of soil-borne pathogens and allelochemicals. Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is an effective practice used to eliminate soil-borne pathogens; however, the potential impact of RSD on the degradation of allelochemicals and the growth of replant Sanqi ginseng seedlings remain poorly understood. In this study, RSD was conducted on a Sanqi ginseng monoculture system (SGMS) and a maize-Sanqi ginseng system (MSGS), defined as SGMS_RSD and MSGS_RSD, respectively. The aim was to investigate the impact of RSD on allelochemicals, soil microbiomes, and survival rates of replant seedlings. Both short-term maize planting and RSD treatment significantly degraded the ginsenosides in Sanqi ginseng–cultivated soils, with the degradation rate being higher in the RSD treatment. The population of Fusarium oxysporum and the relative abundance of genus Fusarium were dramatically suppressed by RSD treatment. Furthermore, the RSD treatment, but not maize planting, markedly alleviated the replant failure of Sanqi ginseng, with the seedling survival rate being 52.7–70.7% 6 months after transplanting. Interestingly, RSD followed by short-term maize planting promoted microbial activity restoration, ginsenoside degradation, and ultimately alleviated the replant failure much better than RSD treatment alone (70.7% vs. 52.7%). Collectively, these results indicate that RSD treatment could considerably reduce the obstacles and might also act as a potential agriculture regime for overcoming the replant failure of Sanqi ginseng. Additional practices, such as crop rotation, beneficial microorganism inoculation, etc. may also still be needed to ensure the long-term efficacy of seedling survival.
Wang Xiaoyan,Xiang Shunyu,Wang Jing,Luo Xingyi,Du Changxue,Sun Xianchao
The Chinese herbal medicine industry plays a crucial role globally, providing traditional remedies and significantly contributing to healthcare. Disease prevention and control in Chinese herbal medicine face unique challenges distinct from conventional plant protection methods. The distinctive requirements for disease control add complexity to disease management, necessitating specialized approaches. In this study, we developed a bio-based hydrogel (CSA-gel) using a straightforward procedure designed for the sustained release of azoxystrobin for soil disinfection with the aim of preventing fungal diseases in Chinese herbal medicine. The synthesized hydrogel was characterized using FTIR, zeta potential measurement, cryo-TEM, SEM, and elemental analysis. CSA-gel demonstrated a release duration of azoxystrobin for over 14 days, maintaining high antifungal activity throughout the entire release period. Additionally, CSA-gel exhibited the ability to release a significant quantity of calcium ions during pesticide release, fostering plant growth and enhancing plant disease resistance. The use of CSA-gel is anticipated to decrease both how often and how much pesticide is needed, highlighting the significance of our research in improving sustainable disease control in traditional Chinese herbal medicine farming.
Phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated in the rhizosphere of tomatoes under RSD amendment.
Stochastic processes dominated in bacterial community assembly for biochar and CF amendments.
It is important to monitor and manage soil conditions before planting after RSD amendment.
Reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) is an important tool for sustainable agricultural productivity. However, the differences in soil bacterial communities and their community assembly processes among RSD and other treatment strategies (e.g., biochar and chemical fumigation) are still subject to open questions. In this study, soils subjected to various treatments–untreated control (CK), chemical soil fumigation with CaCN 2 (CF), 1% biochar (1%B), 3% biochar (3%B), and reductive soil disinfestation (RSD) are investigated. Soil samples were collected, incubated, and then used for growth of tomato plants. The Sloan neutral community model indicates that stochastic processes dominate in bacterial community assembly for both biochar and CF amendments. In contrast, this work shows that RSD treatment can have a strong impact on soil bacterial community composition. The relative abundance of Firmicutes increased during unplanted soil incubation, whereas Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated in the rhizosphere after planting of tomatoes. Normalized stochasticity ratio reveals that deterministic selection played an important role in the bacterial assembly under RSD amendment. We found that RSD amendment yielded lower biomass than that for other treatments after 28 days of tomato growth. Our results suggest that although RSD treatment has great potential to rebuild soil bacterial ecology by shaping bacterial communities and their assembly processes, it is important to monitor and manage soil conditions (e.g., soil nutrients or physical properties) before planting to ensure plant productivity.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）