TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 0.795
Beibei Liu,Bing Chen,Jing Zhang,Ping Wang,Gang Feng
In this study, the environmental fate of thymol, including hydrolysis, aqueous photolysis, soil sorption and soil degradation, was studied under conditions that simulated the tropical agricultural environment. This study was undertaken to supply basic information for evaluating the environmental risks of applying this new botanical pesticide to tropical crop production. The results showed that the hydrolysis of thymol was pH-dependent and accelerated by acidic conditions and high temperatures. However, the hydrolysis rate was far lower than the aqueous photolysis rate, indicating that direct photolysis is an important dissipation pathway for thymol in water. The sorption of thymol by three tropical soils was consistently well described by the Freundlich model, and the sorption coefficients increased in the order sandy soil < loamy soil < clay soil, a characterization that depended on the organic carbon contents of the soil. The soil degradation rate of thymol decreased in the order sandy soil > loamy soil > clay soil, which has a negative correlation with the sorption of thymol in soils. We concluded that the degradation rates of thymol in tropical soil and water are fast: thymol in water is photodegraded (50%) by sunlight within 28 h, and the thymol in soils is degraded (50%) within 8.4 d. Therefore, the environmental risk to the surrounding soils and water of thymol application for tropical crop production is low.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
农药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 18.5
Qianjie Niu,Jiwei Jiang,Changsong Zhan,Yujie Tao,Zijun Ye,Jian Huang,Bin Dong,Zhenhui Kang
With the world's population expanding rapidly, modern agriculture is evolving at a swift pace, leading to a significant increase in food production, primarily through the use of chemical fertilizers. However, this heavy reliance on fertilizers has led to issues such as soil compaction and decrease of earthworm abundance. Herein this study reports a smart soil consisting of conventional soil and carbon dots (CDot) based smart material which is capable of automatically adjusting its porosity and soil aggregate size. Due to the responsiveness, The CDot-based smart soil can lift its height up to 150% upon humidity stimulation due to the increased porosity which is similar to the effect caused by earthworms. Based on this effect, this smart soil can increase the growth rate of maize seedlings by 40%, thus showing great potentials in agriculture.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Crop & Pasture Science
·
2023
·Vol. 74
·期 12
·1318-1333
·
IF 1.9
Jackson Nkoh Nkoh,Peng Guan,Ren-yong Shi,Ru-hai Wang,Jiu-yu Li,Ren-kou Xu
Context Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) transformation processes in soils play an important role in the fluctuation of soil pH. Incorporation of chitosan and crop straws, byproducts from fishery and agriculture, into acidic soils can increase soil pH through decarboxylation, decomposition, N immobilisation and ammonification.Aims The study was designed to evaluate the transformation of organic N and C from chitosan and/or crop straws and their effects on soil physicochemical properties.Methods Chitosan, rice straw and maize straw were incubated with two acidic Ultisols from Langxi (Soil 1) and Yingtan (Soil 2) differing in initial pH. Six treatments were prepared in triplicate: control (no amendment), 4% chitosan, 4% rice straw, 4% maize straw, 2% chitosan+2% rice straw, and 2% chitosan+2% maize straw. Soil pH, N transformation and CO2 evolution were estimated at different time intervals.Key results After 40days of incubation, control soil pH decreased by 0.35 and 0.32 units for Soils 1 and 2, respectively. Rice straw, maize straw, chitosan, rice straw–chitosan and maize straw–chitosan significantly increased soil pH by 0.51, 0.17, 2.27, 1.78 and 2.02 units for Soil 1, and 0.71, 0.16, 0.67, 0.49 and 0.68 units for Soil 2 (P<0.01). The respective treatments decreased exchangeable acidity by 62%, 51%, 95%, 95% and 95% for Soil 1 and 75%, 69%, 88%, 88% and 87% for Soil 2. In treatments containing chitosan, the pH increase resulted from ammonification of organic N and mineralisation of organic C, with the effect higher in Soil 1 than Soil 2.Conclusions Amending acidic soils with chitosan and crop residues can effectively increase soil pH and slow soil acidification rate.Implications This study provides useful information for amelioration of acidic soils.
研究领域:
土壤学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2020
·
IF 9.038
Yufang Tao,Haibin Huang,Hui Zhang
A promising technology was proposed for the remediation of Cu and phenanthrene (PHE) co-contaminated soil. Firstly, Cu and PHE were simultaneously removed from soil using an extraction agent containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and Tween 80 (TW80). Specifically, Cu was mobilized by the chelation of EDTA while PHE was desorpted from soil by TW80 micelles. At 20 mL g − 1 of liquid to soil ratio, 10 g L − 1 TW80 and 1 mM EDTA, 73.5% Cu and 68.1% PHE were removed by soil washing. The extraction agent was then recovered from effluent by photoelectro-persulfate (PE/PS) process after soil washing. Under the conditions of 10 mM PS, 4 mA cm − 2 current density, natural pH of 3.5 and 150 min treatment, 83.6% Cu was reduced to elemental copper but only 36.8% EDTA was recovered, while 99.6% PHE was eliminated and 94.0% TW80 was recovered. The result of quenching experiments indicated PHE was predominantly oxidized by sulfate radical, though hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen were also identified by electron paramagnetic resonance technique. The recovered extracting agent could be reused for further three washing cycles. The results demonstrated that soil washing followed by PE/PS process could be a cost-effective remediation technology for heavy metal and organic co-contaminated soil.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
污染治理
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Yue Sun,Gangsen Yue,Jie Ma
The vadose zone is a very dynamic and active environment that directly affects natural attenuation and vapor intrusion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Therefore, it is important to understand the fate and transport of VOCs in the vadose zone. A column experiment combined with model study was conducted to investigate the influence of soil type, vadose zone thickness, and soil moisture content on benzene vapor transport and natural attenuation in the vadose zone. Vapor-phase biodegradation and volatilization to atmosphere for benzene are two main natural attenuation mechanism in the vadose zone. Our data showed that biodegradation in black soil is the main natural attenuation mechanism (82.8%) while volatilization is the main natural attenuation mechanism in quartz sand, floodplain soil, lateritic red earth and yellow earth (>71.9%). The R-UNSAT model-predicted soil gas concentration profile and flux were close with four soil column data except for yellow earth. Increasing the vadose zone thickness and soil moisture content significantly reduced the volatilization contribution while increased biodegradation contribution. The volatilization loss decreased from 89.3% to 45.8% when the vadose zone thickness increased from 30 cm to 150 cm. The volatilization loss decreased from 71.9% to 10.1% when the soil moisture content increased from 6.4% to 25.4%. Overall, this study provided valuable insights into clarifying the roles of soil type, moisture, and other environmental conditions in vadose zone natural attenuation mechanism and vapor concentration.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2020
·
IF 4.872
Yupeng Wang,Qintie Lin,Rongbo Xiao,Shuailong Cheng,Haoyu Luo,Xiaoqing Wen,Libin Wu,Quanfa Zhong
This study investigated the application of a specific soil washing method to remove Cu and Pb from contaminated agricultural soil. To develop an efficient leaching agent of heavy metal compounds for use in farmland soil, a mixed chelator (MC) was prepared using potassium fulvic acid (PFA, 3.2%) and citric acid (CIT, 0.16 M) in a volume ratio of 4:1 (PFA:CIT = 4:1); the optimal solid-liquid ratio (S/L = 1:20), initial pH value (4.51) and contact time (360 min) were also explored. Under optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies of MC for Cu and Pb were 42.92% and 50.46%, respectively, both of which performed better than PFA (27.86% of Cu and 17.91% of Pb) and CIT (42.04% of Cu and 41.46% of Pb). The effective states, bioavailability and relative mobilities of Cu and Pb in soil were also efficiently reduced by MC, which also increased the stability of these elements, thereby lowering the risk to soil health. More importantly, MC not only had little effect on the soil physicochemical properties (e.g., pH, organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), ammonium nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP) and rapidly available potassium (AK)), but also improved the restored soil. Furthermore, soil structure, surface elements and the enzyme activity did not exhibit significantly loss. Therefore, MC has great potential for remediating agricultural soil.
研究领域:
环境科学
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土壤化学
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污染控制
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农业工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Sustainability
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 10
·5850
·
IF 3.889
Jiaqi Shi,Tao Long,Liping Zheng,Shang Gao,Lei Wang
Industrial soil is susceptible to acid or alkali pollution, but studies focused on the remediation of such soil are still limited. This manuscript investigated the neutralization effect of five agents (hydrochloric acid, citric acid, ferrous sulfate, calcium superphosphate and raw gypsum) to alkali polluted soil. The results showed that regarding the initial pH after the neutralizing agent addition, it was better to set it lower than the target, as the pH would rebound. None of the five agents caused an obvious increase in the heavy metal contents of the leachates, but they all caused an increase in electrical conductivity, which indicated an increase in soil salinity. The leachates showed a luminous gain toVibrio fischeri. However, remediation with hydrochloric acid would cause significant inhibition of germination and root elongation of pakchoi. In addition, the addition of neutralizing agents reshaped the soil microbial community structure in different patterns. Soils treated with hydrochloric acid and ferrous sulfate seemed to improve the microbial richness. The neutralization might be favorable for the biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which usually coexist in industrial contaminated soil. In general, the neutralization of alkaline industrial soils using ferrous sulfate, superphosphate and gypsum brought minimal environmental risk, among which ferrous sulfate was the first recommendation in industrial soil after a comprehensive comparison.Keywords:soil pH neutralization;industrial soil remediation;heavy metal release;16S rRNA sequencing
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2019
·
IF 5.589
Hua-Yu Liu,Chao Song,Shan Zhao,Shu-Guang Wang
Recently, biochar is widely used as a soil amendment to improve soil properties, which might affect the fate and behavior of contaminants in soil. In this study, we investigated the effect of biochar on the migration of tetracycline (TC) in soil and their combined impacts on microbiome. Due to the strong interaction between soil and TC, adsorption, rather than photolysis or biodegradation, was the dominating dissipation way of TC in soil. Moreover, biochar could promote the vertical migration of TC through the decreased soil bulk density and its lower adsorption capacity. After 90-day incubation, only slight impact of TC on soil bacterial community was observed due to the rapid dissipation of TC in soil, whereas more available C supply induced by biochar significantly altered bacterial community via the enhancement of copiotrophic bacteria. Besides, biochar could decrease the soil pH and thus change the composition of fungal community. The effect of TC on fungal community was partially counteracted by biochar, which could adsorb part of TC and thus decrease the contact of TC with microorganisms . This work will improve our understanding of the fate of organic pollutants and evolution of microbiome in soil where biochar servers as soil amendment.
研究领域:
环境科学
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土壤学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 43
·期 7
·1677-1689
·
IF 3.6
Ying Li,Jing Zhang,Wenqiang Wang,Yongze Lu,Liwei Sun,Yimin Zhang
Pesticide additives (PAs) are auxiliary ingredients added to the pesticide manufacturing and use processes, constituting 1% to 99% of the pesticide and often composed of benzene and chlorinated hydrocarbons. We selected three typical PAs, toluene, chloroform, and trichloroethylene, to evaluate their retention function toxicity and ecological risk in soil. Soil immobilization techniques and aquatic model organisms were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the immobilized soil method to determine the ecological risk of chemicals. The 48-h median lethal concentrations of toluene, chloroform, and trichloroethylene alone in spiked soil on Daphnia magna were 10.5, 2.3, and 1.1 mg/L (medium, high, and high toxicity, respectively). The toxicity of the three-PA mixtures showed an antagonistic effect. The risk levels of toluene, chloroform, and trichloroethylene in the soil were evaluated as moderate to high, low to high, and high risk, respectively. The toxicity of two pesticide-contaminated sites in the Yangtze River Delta before and after remediation was successfully evaluated by immobilized soil technology. The toxicity of two soil sampling points was reduced from medium toxic to low toxic and no toxic, respectively, after remediation. The results of our study give a rationale for and prove the validity of the aquatic model organisms and soil immobilization techniques in assessing the soil retention functions toxicity of PAs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1677–1689. © 2024 SETAC
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
·
2017
·
IF 4.099
Congyan Wang,Jiawei Zhou,Jun Liu,Kun Jiang,Daolin Du
Soil N-fixing bacteria communities (SNB) can increase soil N availability, which can facilitate invasions of many kinds of invasive plant species. Meanwhile, variability in the forms of anthropogenic N deposition can mediate obvious shifts in both soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial communities (especially SNB). This can alter the soil micro-ecological mechanisms of plant invasions via changes in soil characteristics and soil microbial communities, especially SNB. This study uses next-generation high throughput sequencing technology to provide insight into the effects of invasion by Amaranthus retroflexus L. on the structure and diversity of SNB under different forms of simulated N deposition (SND). Soil pH under A. retroflexus invasion under various forms of SND was 8.08% lower than controls under a NH 4 -N treatment ( P < 0.05), 15.15% lower than controls under a NO 3 -N treatment ( P < 0.05), and 6.57% lower than controls under CO(NH 2 ) 2 -N and Mix-N treatments ( P < 0.05). Meanwhile, soil pH was one of the most important environmental variables explaining changes in the structure and diversity of SNB. The total number of species of SNB under A. retroflexus invasion was approximately 13.13% higher than controls for the NH 4 -N treatment ( P > 0.05), 11.00% higher than controls for the NO 3 -N treatment ( P > 0.05), 39.42% higher than controls for the CO(NH 2 ) 2 -N treatment ( P < 0.05), and 27.67 higher than controls for the Mix-N treatment ( P < 0.05). The positive effects mediated by the combined treatments of A. retroflexus invasion and SND may be ascribed to enhanced soil nutrient content (especially N), which can enhance the abundance of the nifH gene. The effects of A. retroflexus invasion on the total number of species of SNB under organic and mixed-N addition were greater than under inorganic N addition. This may be a consequence of a disturbance of the balance of inorganic to organic N for SND, as a result of the addition of a single form of inorganic N, which can diminish the stimulatory effects of soil nutrient content on SNB under inorganic N. Another potential cause of this pattern may be stronger acidification under inorganic N addition, which can exert more pronounced effects on SNB. LEfSe analysis showed that some species changed significantly under A. retroflexus invasion in the presence of SND (i.e., Rhodobacteraceae under NH 4 -N and Proteobacteria under CO(NH 2 ) 2 -N). Thus, A. retroflexus invasion in the presence of SND caused obvious shifts in certain species of SNB and increased the total number of species of SNB in particular, to facilitate its further invasion.
研究领域:
生态学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Sustainability
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 6
·4950
·
IF 3.9
Haoyong Huang,Lin Shi,Rui Chen,Jie Yuan
Cadmium pollution in the soil induces significant hazards to agricultural growth and public health. Therefore, new routes are needed to develop low-cost soil amendments that can effectively stabilize cadmium and improve soil fertility. This study introduces modified illite (MIT) with the enhanced ability to stabilize heavy metal Cd through the mixing of illite with calcium carbonate, silicate and sulfate in specific proportions by using the well-known calcination-hydrothermal process. The characterization findings revealed that the modified MIT is predominantly composed of gehlenite and akermanite, with greatly improved specific surface area, pore structure and cation exchange capacity. The main purpose of the present study is to unravel a plausible mechanism on how MIT can stabilize Cd(II) in the soil and to investigate the effect of MIT on the fertility of the contaminated soil. Experiments on soil remediation revealed that MIT has a more profound stabilizing impact on Cd(II) compared to natural illite, resulting in a 22.84% reduction in acid-soluble Cd of the soil when MIT was dosed at 0.5%. The potential mechanism of Cd(II) immobilization by MIT involves the ionic exchange of Cd2+with the exchangeable Ca2+and Mg2+. In addition, the hydrolysis products of gehlenite and akermanite are prone to form silicate precipitates with free Cd, leading to soil pH increment. The pot experiments showed that MIT significantly reduces the cadmium content of soil and improves the growth of water spinach organs. Meanwhile, enhancement of the indicators in rhizosphere soil further proved that MIT effectively increases the nutrient content, improves the soil structure and promotes microorganism growth.Keywords:modified illite;clay mineral;heavy metal;immobilization;soil fertility
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
·
农业
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MEASUREMENT
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Ruishu Zhang,Wenyi Sheng,Wenfeng Ni,Fanjia Meng,Juan D. González-Teruel,Scott B. Jones
Electromagnetic (EM) sensors are widely used to determine soil water content in agricultural, geotechnical, and ecological applications. However, devices operating at lower frequencies, typically in the tens to one hundred MHz range, are more susceptible to interference from various soil properties and mechanisms, which can impact measurement accuracy. In this study, we introduced a microstrip-line-based measurement system designed to operate at variable frequencies for soil property determination. The system leveraged a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) to generate sinusoidal signals within the 20–400 MHz range, enabling the determination of soil dielectric permittivity ( ε ) and electrical conductivity ( σ ) through phase difference ( PD ) and magnitude ratio ( MR ) measurements between test and reference signals. Both EM simulations and laboratory experiments validated the correlation between ε and PD , as well as σ and MR , for the materials under test (MUT). Results showed that higher MUT ε produced larger PD values, while increased MUT σ led to lower MR values. Quadratic polynomial fits achieved high R 2 , with root mean square errors below 3 units for ε and 0.6 dS m −1 for σ across the examined frequency range. The effect of σ on ε determination accuracy was significantly reduced at higher frequencies (200–400 MHz), with relative error below 10 % and optimal performance of 8 % observed at 250 MHz. The development of this microstrip-line-based measurement system provides a flexible and practical approach for estimating soil ε and σ across a range of frequencies within the VHF/UHF bands, with potential for adaptation to in situ applications.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
环境科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）