Ben Qi,Lan-Lan Lou,Kai Yu,Wenyue Bian,Shuangxi Liu
A series of manganese oxides (MnO, Mn 3 O 4 , Mn 2 O 3 and MnO 2 ) were prepared and firstly applied as heterogeneous catalysts for the liquid phase epoxidation of alkenes with 30% H 2 O 2 in bicarbonate solution. Under our experimental conditions, MnO exhibited superior activity for the conversion of styrene to achieve ca. 100% with 92.4% selectivity of epoxide, compared to the other three manganese oxides as well as other metal oxides. Furthermore, recycling studies showed the good recyclability of MnO as a heterogeneous catalyst, which did not lose the catalytic activity after four reuses appreciably.
A novel and environmentally friendly heterogeneous catalyst has been prepared through the wet impregnation of copper(I) species onto the highly porous chitosan microspheres (CuI/PCMS). This novel CuI/PCMS heterogeneous catalyst with no additional ligands is much better than CuI homogeneous catalysts when applied in Heck reactions. Moreover, the reaction conditions are much milder than those for the similar copper catalysts mediated cross-coupling reactions reported in the literature. PCMS has been demonstrated not only the excellent solid support, but also have many unique functional groups to chelate the copper (I) species to enhance its catalytic activity.
Wen Hui Zhong,Ying Na Cui,Shen Min Li,Ying Ping Jia,Jing Mei Yin
The carbonylation of phenyl bromide catalyzed by Co(OAc) 2 has been investigated with PhCOPh as a sensitizer under visible light in the presence of basic additive. With strong base CH 3 ONa, PhCOOCH 3 is produced in 70% yield with 100% selectivity , the similar results are also obtained with a stronger base (CH 3 ) 3 CONa. However, with another strong base NaOH, the yield of the ester is only 40%. On the other hand, with weak base NaOAc or ( n -C 4 H 9 ) 3 N, phenyl bromide cannot be carbonylated. The results of carbonylation of the six substituted phenyl bromides suggest that the activities of o , m , p -BrC 6 H 4 CH 3 are similar to phenyl bromide, while the activities of o , m , p -BrC 6 H 4 Cl are higher with the high yields (≥93%) of the corresponding chloro-esters. In addition, the relative position of bromine and chlorine or methyl on phenyl ring has little effect on the activity of the carbonylation .