FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA
·
2023
·
IF 2.6
Qing Zhang,Danru Xu,Miaoli Hao,Zhiqiang Wu,Chunhai Yi,Jingjun Liu
Solketal obtained by ketalization of glycerol with acetone is a value-added glycerol derivative that can be used as a solvent, plasticizer and fuel additive. Phase splitting and merging exist in the ketalization due to the low solubilities of the two reactants. The liquid-liquid equilibrium data for a quaternary system (glycerol – acetone – solketal – water) involved in the ketalization were measured at reaction-relevant temperatures (303.2 K, 308.2 K, and 313.2 K) and atmospheric pressure. The equilibrium data were correlated using the NRTL model to calculate activity coefficients, to estimate the binary interaction parameters. The NRTL model with the regressed parameters could reproduce the phase equilibrium behavior of the studied system.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
物理化学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 137
·期 36
·49066
·
IF 2.52
Yigane Wang,Xiaoan Nie,Guigan Fang,Laihui Xiao
Epoxy bisphenol acid isooctyl ester (EBAIE) was synthesized and characterized by FTIR and H-NMR. EBAIE was used as poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticizer for the first time, and its addition amount was 30 wt% of PVC. The mechanical properties, thermal stability, compatibility, and decomposition activation energy of PVC blends were systematically studied. Compared to the commercial plasticizer-dioctyl phthalate (DOP), the tensile strength had been significantly increased from 30.64 to 45.07 MPa, while the elongation at break had little difference. The thermal stability analysis showed that the static stability time at 180°C had been extended from 40 to 300 min. The decomposition activation energy indicated that the EBAIE plasticized PVC was with a higher thermal stability. The extraction and volatility resistance of the novel plasticizer were superior to those of DOP.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 23
·5213
·
IF 4.967
Yanan Zhang,Yu Tian,Yulong Zhang,Xuelong Fu,Hao Li,Zhehong Lu,Tengyue Zhang,Yubing Hu
The excessive migration of plasticizers leads to debonding and cracking of a liner, which can compromise the safety of a solid propellant. Graphene oxide (GO), with a laminar structure as a filler, can effectively reduce the migration of plasticizers. In this study, we modified GO using toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The cross-link density of the substrate was increased by grafting isocyanate groups to obtain a denser liner for the purpose of preventing plasticizer migration. We also used octadecylamine (ODA) to modify GO by grafting negatively charged amide groups on the GO surface. The electrostatic repulsive effect of the amide group on the plasticizer molecules was used to prevent plasticizer migration. Two modified GOs were filled into the hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene to prepare two composite liners. We then investigated the migration resistance and migration kinetics of each modified liner using the dipping method. In addition, we explored the mechanical properties of each modified liner. Compared with the original liner, the anti-migration and mechanical properties of the modified composite liners were significantly improved. Among them, the TDI-modified liner had the most obvious improvement in migration resistance, while the ODA-modified liner had the greatest improvement in bonding properties. All types of liners met the requirements of the current propellant systems. This study provides an effective reference for improving the migration resistance and bonding properties of the composite liner.
研究领域:
材料科学
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推进剂工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Materials Today Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 8.301
P. Jia,Y. Ma,F. Song,C. Liu,L. Hu,Y. Zhou
Over the last 60 years, phthalate plasticizer production has increased manifold, owing to their inexpensive, multipurpose, durable, and lightweight nature. These characteristics have raised the demand for phthalate plasticizers that will continue to grow over the coming years. However, with increased phthalate plasticizer production comes increased water pollution and soil pollution, as well as serious harm to human health. The recent studies mainly focused on plasticizing properties, plasticizing mechanism, and raw material sources, but the relationship of chemical structure of the plasticizer and its toxicity has never been reported. In this study, we synthesized three kinds of renewable atom-efficient dendrimer-like plasticizers based on toxic tung oil (DPTs). Plasticizing properties, plasticizing mechanism, and toxicity of DPTs were investigated. The results showed that polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/40 phr DPT has superior plasticizing properties and migration resistance than PVC/40 phr dioctyl phthalate. All DPT plasticizers have toxic doses of 5000 mg/kg and are non-toxic. These DPTs are potential to replace reproductive toxic phthalate plasticizers in food packaging materials, toys, and medical equipment .
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Bingfeng Qian,Weiyao Wang,Huichao Zhu,Jianan Zhang,Mingyuan Wu,Jiuyi Liu,Qingyun Wu,Jianjun Yang
The utilization of biobased resources presents a novel approach for the development of high-performance plasticizers with exceptional flexibility. Nevertheless, the combustibility of flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) products containing high content plasticizers is frequently disregarded. The development of PVC functional plasticizers requires careful consideration of a good balance between flame retardancy, migration resistance and plasticity through molecular structure design. Currently there is a dearth of biobased plasticizers that exhibit exceptional comprehensive properties. Therefore, a novel biobased flame-retardant plasticizer (VA8-P) has been synthesized from vanillic acid and fully characterized using NMR, IR and MS. The VA8-P plasticized PVC exhibits a lower glass transition temperature and higher low temperature resistance, while its elongation at break is 1141.6% higher than unmodified PVC. Transmittance, haze, cross-sectional SEM and 2D/3D AFM all demonstrate its good optical properties and the compatibility of the plasticizer with polymer matrix. PVC plasticized using VA8-P exhibits better hydrophilicity and especially superior migration resistance than does the same polymer plasticized using DOP. The thermal stability and char residue rate for decomposition of VA8-P plasticized PVC are better than the same parameter of material plasticized with DOP. In cone calorimeter tests, VA8-P plasticized PVC showed excellent heat barrier effect. Additionally, PVC-P3 reached the UL-94 VTM-0 level in the vertical burning test. Its flame-retardant mode of action was also verified by TGA–FTIR analysis. A functional biobased plasticizer with excellent comprehensive properties has been synthesized. This material exhibits greater flexibility than many traditional flame-retardant additives and its use can be expected to improve the fire resistance of flexible PVC.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2024
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IF 9.7
Bingfeng Qian,Panpan Peng,Chenliang Wang,Lijie Wang,Jianan Zhang,Mingyuan Wu,Jiuyi Liu,Qingyun Wu,Jianjun Yang
The use of plasticizers is crucial in enhancing the flexibility of engineering plastics. Currently, the primary plasticizers employed in poly(vinyl chloride) materials are nonrenewable phthalates . These exhibit a detrimental impact on the environment and human health owing to their toxic benzene ring structure. Consequently, the development of easily synthesizable, green plasticizers with excellent properties using biobased resources has been a long-standing objective in the field of resin plasticizing. Herein, we synthesized a branched lactic acid ester (BLAE) plasticizer using esterification and acid anhydride end-capping methods. Further, we investigated its application performance and oral toxicity. The abundance of polar ester groups in the oligolactic acid structure enables them to form secondary bonds with polymer chains. This results in a glass transition temperature is 59% less than that of pure poly(vinyl chloride), thereby improving the mechanical properties of the material. The addition of the BLAE plasticizer not only improved the thermal stability of the compound film but also effectively reduced the self-catalytic dehydrochlorination reaction of poly(vinyl chloride). This overcomes the limitations of unmodified poly(vinyl chloride), such as performance deterioration and color variation due to light exposure. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the compound film was substantially enhanced, resulting in outstanding antifouling and self-cleaning properties. These findings suggest that lactic acid-based plasticizer exhibits comparable or even superior overall performance when compared to commercially available plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate and acetyl tributyl citrate . This work not only addresses the gap in the toxicity assessment of lactic acid plasticizers but also demonstrates their nontoxic characteristics in acute oral toxicity tests . This research offers novel insights into the green synthesis and functional development of biobased plasticizers, showcasing considerable potential for the substituting of dioctyl phthalate.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2021
·Vol. 9
·期 36
·12239-12247
·
IF 7.393
Run-Pan Nie,Wen-Bin Tang,Chao Chen,Hua-Dong Huang,Yue Li,Kun Dai,Jun Lei,Zhong-Ming Li
Dielectric elastomers widely used for actuation applications (e.g., soft robots, tunable optics) are vulnerable to mechanical damage, so healability is crucial and is associated with the reliability and service lifetime of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). For DEAs, other than healability, simultaneously possessing a superior actuation performance remains a huge challenge. Herein, a highly transparent, extremely stretchable and healable material was developed based on a fluorine-rich poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) elastomer, where a polar dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was used as the plasticizer so that the healing and electromechanical properties were effectively improved and significantly surpassed those of the polymer matrix. After serious mechanical damage, the composite elastomer quickly healed in less than 24 h at room temperature and returned to almost the same state prior to damage due to the strong dipole–dipole interactions and enhanced chain mobility induced by the polar CF3 groups and plasticizing effect, respectively. Moreover, P(VDF-HFP) with 10% DBP exhibited an extreme stretchability (strain as high as 2000%), high dielectric properties ( = 10.9 at 103 Hz) and low Young's modulus (0.93 MPa). When used as the dielectric elastomer of a bending actuator, it could provide a bending angle of 24.8° at a given electric field of 25 MV m−1, which is superior to that of the pure matrix (17.7° at 25 MV m−1). Such an outstanding comprehensive performance can potentially address the current challenge of self-healing dielectric elastomers and enable the composite to be used for soft robot, tunable optic and other actuation applications. Moreover, our work provides a promising strategy for fabricating multifunctional soft materials that are tolerant to various operating environments, e.g., those requiring a large deformation, or prone to suffering damage from puncturing, scratching and cutting.
研究领域:
材料科学
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软体机器人
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智能材料
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemistrySelect
·
2025
·Vol. 10
·期 21
·e06152
·
IF 2
Shuai Wang,BingXi Song,Ze Su,Yijie Cai,Long Liu,Chang Su,Yanqiang Zhang
Graphical A new ionic liquid plasticizer [NTAZ][NTf 2 ] was synthesized. Compared with the traditional plasticizer DOA, [NTAZ][NTf 2 ] can significantly improve the energy of the propellant formulation. Energetic plasticizer is an important means to improve the energy performance of solid propellants, but there is no suitable energetic plasticizer for HTPB/TDI system. In this work, a nitrate-functionalized ionic liquid plasticizer of 1-Methyl-4-(8-(Nitrooxy)octyl)-1,2,4-triazolium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide ([NTAZ][NTf 2 ]) was synthesized, and the energy was increased by the combination of nitrate functional group and 1,2,4-triazole cation. The hydrogen bond between the anion and the cation and HTPB achieves a good plasticizing effect. When 6% [NTAZ][NTf 2 ] was added to HTPB/TDI system, the glass transition temperature decreased from −63.41 °C to −64.84 °C, the tensile strength increased from 0.52 MPa to 0.79 MPa, and the storage modulus increased from 64.02 MPa to 110.32 MPa. When 4% DOA is replaced by the same amount of [NTAZ][NTf 2 ] in the HTPB formulation system, the specific impulse is increased from 261.0 s to 271.4 s. This study will guide the design and application of new energetic solid propellant plasticisers, both theoretically and experimentally.
研究领域:
材料科学
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推进剂化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2013
·
IF 3.777
Feng Cai,Xiang Zuo,Xiao-Min Liu,Long Wang,Wei Zhai,Hui Yang
A series of novel gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) based on a co-polymer matrix of methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (MPEGM) and hexadecal-poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate (HPEGM) are synthesized in this study using non-volatile tris(methoxypolyethyleneglycol) aluminate ester ((MPEG n ) 3 -Al) as the plasticizer. Their thermal stability and ionic conductivity are studied by differential scanning calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis and alternating current impedance techniques. The results show that all the synthesized GPEs possess excellent thermal stability and exhibit relatively high ionic conductivity. Among all the synthesized GPEs, one with the composition of 40 wt% MPEGM, 10 wt% HPEGM and 50 wt% (MPEG 7 ) 3 -Al exhibits the highest ionic conductivity, up to 0.59 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 30 °C when the salt concentration is [Li]:[EO] = 1:20. In addition, a coin cell based on this GPE, with LiFePO 4 as cathode and metallic lithium as anode shows discharge capacities as high as 146 mAh g −1 and 151 mAh g −1 when cycled at 30 °C and 50 °C, respectively, under a current rate of 0.1 C.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2022
·
IF 14.224
Weilu Yang,Mingshan Zhu,Wanbin Li,Guoqiang Liu,Eddy Y. Zeng
Activation of H 2 O 2 with metal-free catalysts is an efficient and environmentally benign alternative to electron-Fenton (EF) for organics degradation . In the present study, flexible nanocatalysts were synthesized with self-regulated metal oxide nanoparticles (FeOx NPs) for efficient removal of plasticizers from secondary wastewater effluent (SWE). Compared with NGr/EF and FeOx@Gr/EF systems, FeOx@NGr/EF could enhance the decay kinetics of plasticizers by 3.9–4.4 times and reduce 48–59% of the disposal cost. Reactive oxygen species tests and trapping experiments proved that the surface-catalyzed EF effectively broadened the range of solution pH. Density functional theory calculations coupled with electrochemical measurements indicated that the electron transfer rates between Fe-O-C atoms were enhanced with N-doping due to strong interactions between N-Fe bond. The synergistic effects of FeOx and N could improve the oxygen reduction activity for H 2 O 2 generation, and accelerate electron transfer between FeOx/NGr and H 2 O 2 for • OH generation, offering an alternative for wastewater treatment .
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 6
Rui Yuan,Li Gao,Jiyuan Liu,Chang Tu,Rui Tan,Shiai Xu
In this work, the citrate plasticizers with different alkyl chain lengths, tributyl citrate (TBC), trihexyl citrate (THC), trioctyl citrate (TOC) and tridecyl citrate (TDC) were synthesized by esterification reaction. The effects of hydrophobic alkyl chains on plasticization properties of citrate were studied by using a combination of characterization techniques and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Tensile tests showed that the elasticity of citrate/PVC was basically negatively correlated with the length of citrate hydrophobic alkyl chain, while its strength was positively correlated. The citrate plasticizer migration stability test indicated that in deionized water and 50 % (v/v) ethanol solution, the mobility of TBC was the highest and that of TOC was the lowest. The MD simulation results found that the interaction between PVC and citrate mainly included hydrogen bonding (OH-Cl), van der Waal force (COO-Cl), and the mutual winding between the alkyl chain of citrate and the PVC chain. Among them, TBC, THC and TOC can be spontaneously dispersed in PVC resins, but TDC cannot, because its long hydrophobic alkyl chains make TDC more inclined to self-polymerize and form large hydrophobic aggregation zones. However, in the suitable range (number of carbon atoms ≤ 8), longer alkyl chains can be effective in improving the stability of citrate in resins. Thus, for citrates, alkyl chains of 8 carbons perform better. Our research is helpful to understand the effect of molecular structure on the plasticizer of citrate and propose an optimized citrate structure with higher performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 38
·20509-20516
·
IF 14.511
Ning Wang,Ling Zhang,Jin Liu,Chunzhong Li
In recent years, droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have triggered intense research interest as self-powered devices due to their capability to harvest energy from water droplets efficiently. To make droplet-based TENGs less harmful to the environment and recover the output performance in time after being damaged, it is very necessary to fabricate an underwater self-healable TENG that is free from contaminating spills. In this work, via adding an environmentally friendly plasticizer to activate dipole–dipole interactions between polymer chains, which are employed as the driving force for self-healing, an underwater self-healable material is successfully developed, based on which an integrally self-healable droplet-based TENG (SHD-TENG) is fabricated. The device can produce an output voltage of 20 V and an output power density of 4.35 mW m−2. After the entire device is damaged, the output voltage can recover 85% after being soaked in water for 12 h to self-heal, which is similar to healing in air. Moreover, a higher temperature can accelerate the healing of the device. This work presents an avenue to develop droplet-energy-harvesting electronics with underwater self-healing capability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）