ACS Omega
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Xiaoying Ji,Jia Guo,Bingbing Zeng,Xiaopeng Li,Xue Liao,Wanjiao Fang,Juan Liu,Yu Zheng,Dongliang Li,Jinshan Lei
Sustainable poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) blends were compatibilized by the environmentally friendly epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) through the chemical reaction of epoxy functional groups on ESO with the terminated carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of PLA/PPC. The compatibilization effect of ESO was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, rheological property testing, differential scanning calorimetry, and morphological observations. It was revealed that the molecular chain entanglement between PLA and PPC was significantly enhanced and the dispersed PPC phase size was decreased, which endowed the blend with high viscosity modulus, low tan δ, and great stretchability, especially for the blend containing 1.0 wt % ESO. The compatibilization effect dramatically reinforced the toughening modification of PPC on PLA, resulting in a great ductility with a fracture strain up to 187.3%, more than 20 times that of the pristine PLA, while maintaining a high strength of 44.5 MPa. Compared to the neat PLA and the PLA/PPC blend, the compatibilized blend showed a much larger draw ratio of up to 6.5 × 6.5 during biaxial stretching, producing a uniform film with balanced mechanical properties, high optical transparency, and good oxygen barrier performance. This work will be of vital importance for guiding the preparation of PLA-based films with superior comprehensive properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Lan Guo,Yunsheng Xu,Xianming Zhang,Guo-Hua Hu
Nanoparticles are used to compatibilize immiscible polymer blends . The key to success is to localize nanoparticles at polymer-polymer interfaces. This work aims to use silica nanoparticles (SiO 2 ) to compatibilize polyamide 6 (PA6)/polycarbonate (PC) blends. The strategy to ensure the interfacial localization of the SiO 2 in the blends is to graft a methacrylic monomer onto the SiO 2 and then copolymerize this methacrylic monomer with styrene (St) and 3-isopropenyl-α,α′-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate (TMI). When PA6 and PC are blended in the melt in the presence of the above surface modified SiO 2 (denoted as SiO 2 -PST), PA6 chains are grafted onto the SiO 2 -PST to form PA6-SiO 2 -PST through a coupling reaction between the terminal amine group of the PA6 and the isocyanate moieties of the PST grafts which are partially miscible with the PC. It is shown that an optimum TMI content allows for the SiO 2 -PST to be preferentially localized at the interfaces between the PA6 and PC. This leads to a significant decrease in the PC domain diameter from 1.6 μm to 0.6 μm without and with the SiO 2 -PST, respectively. The presence of the SiO 2 -PST (0.5 wt% with an optimum TMI content) increases the tensile strength of the PA6/PC (70/30 by weight) from 64.1 to 79.6 MPa, the elongation at break from 84.7 to 284.7%, and the notched Charpy impact strength from 10.3 to 29.4 kJ/m 2 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 138
·期 5
·49762
·
IF 2.52
Yukai Su,Ting Sai,Shiya Ran,Zhengping Fang,Zhenghong Guo
For the purpose of promoting mechanical properties of bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC) reinforced by rigid organic styrene–acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) particles, styrene/acrylonitrile/glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer (SAG) was synthesized and applied as compatibilizer for PC/SAN blends. It is found that the phase morphology of PC/SAN/SAG blends is closely related with their mechanical properties. Large continuously distributed SAN phase or spherical dispersed SAN particles with average diameter over 2 μm tend to trigger premature tensile failure of blends due to stress concentration. The incorporation of SAG can simultaneously reinforce and toughen PC/SAN blends by controlling the size and distribution of the dispersed SAN particles. For the blends with fixed PC/SAN ratio, the elongation at break and fracture energy are markedly improved when SAN domain size is reduced by adding appropriate amount of SAG. Typically, for blends with a PC/SAN ratio of 75/25, adding 3 wt% SAG will cause the average diameter of SAN particles to reduce from 2.35 ± 1.20 to 0.74 ± 0.25 μm, meanwhile up to 95% increment in elongation at break and 115% increment in fracture energy is achieved.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 137
·期 38
·49155
·
IF 2.52
Xiaoxuan Zou,Bin Liu,Jiaoxian Wen,Wen Zeng,Bo Jing,Wenli Dai
The polyamide 6-polyurethane copolymer (PA6- b -PU- b -PA6) was synthesized through anionic suspension polymerization and then mixed with polyamide 6/thermoplastic polyurethane (PA6/TPU) and polyamide 6, 6/thermoplastic polyurethane (PA66/TPU) blends using as the compatibilizer. The results show that the PA6- b -PU- b -PA6 copolymers powders several can be obtained through suspension polymerization using dimethicone as disperse medium. The average diameter of PA6- b -PU- b -PA6 copolymer powders decreased with the increasing of PU content. With the addition of PA6- b -PU- b -PA6, the TPU phase dispersed more uniformly in PA6 or PA66 matrix, and the size of TPU dispersed phase decreased obviously. The PA6- b -PU- b -PA6 copolymer with higher PU content shows better compatibilizing effect. Addition of PA6- b -PU- b -PA6 can improve both strength and toughness of the PA/TPU blends. When the amount of PA6-PU25% copolymer was 5 phr, the tensile strength and notched impact strength of PA6/TPU/PA6-PU25% blends increased 29 and 159.4%, respectively, compared to the PA6/TPU blend without compatibilizer.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2018
·
IF 3.741
Pengwu Xu,Xiyuan Zhao,Deyu Niu,Martin Hoch,Piming Ma,Weifu Dong,Mingqing Chen,Yogesh Deshmukh
Nano-sized starch (NSt) was reported as reactive filler to reinforce ethylene-co-vinyl acetate rubber (EVM) by using epoxy-functionalized EVM (GMA-EVM) as compatibilizer together with 3-(2-aminoethylamino) propyl dimethoxy methyl silane (KH602). This resulted in EVM/GMA-EVM/NSt nanocomposites having significant improved properties. The improvement is attributed to the small starch particle size and chemical compatibilization. The tensile strength ( Ts ) was increased from 9.2 to 18.7 MPa when 20 phr (per hundred rubber by weight) of the GMA-EVM compatibilizer is incorporated. Compared to EVM/NSt, the EVM/GMA-EVM/NSt nanocomposites possess stronger interfacial interaction between fillers and the matrix according to morphology and crosslink density analysis. Besides the crosslink of EVM and GMA-EVM chains created by dicumyl peroxide (DCP), under the aid of KH602, extra chemical bonding was generated between: (a) GMA-EVM chains, (b) GMA-EVM and NSt. Thus, strong reinforcement of EVM was obtained. These interesting results provide a new insight to make robust rubbers which may create new applications for rubbers and natural fillers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
·
2019
·Vol. 59
·期 7
·1437-1444
·
IF 1.92
Yin Tang,Lian-Fang Feng,Xue-Ping Gu,Cai-Liang Zhang
This work presents a new way of preparing bead-free and core–shell superfine polymer electrospinning fibers under the assistance of another polymer and an interfacial compatibilizer. For the electrospinning of polystyrene (PS)/CHCl 3 solution, the bead-free fiber cannot be obtained until the PS concentration is above 0.25 g/mL but its average diameter is above 10 μm. Using polyamide 6 (PA6) as an additive, the critical concentration capable of forming bead-free fiber greatly decreased and core–shell fibers with PA6 as the core and PS as the shell were obtained due to the driving effect of high spinability of PA6. The introduction of a copolymer (PS- co -TMI) of styrene (St) and 3-isopropenyl-α,α-dimethylbenzene isocyanate (TMI) can react with amine of PA6 to form the copolymer of PS and PA6 as an interfacial compatibilizer. As a result, it can further enhance the dispersion and deformation of minor component PA6 into uniform microfiber core, and drive PS to uniformly cover the surface of PA6 fibers, and finally form bead-free and core–shell superfine fibers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:1437–1444 2019. © 2019 Society of Plastics Engineers
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Mao Wenqiang,Li Jiapeng,Wang Dongdong,Pan Yanxiong,Ji Xiangling,Jiang Wei
Hot melt adhesives are utilized in a variety of industries because to their solvent-free, strong adhesion and rapid curing. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, biodegradable hot melt adhesives have received attention. Herein, chlorinated poly(propylene carbonate) (CPPC)/poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends were prepared using diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) as reactive compatibilizer. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that adding PLA improved the thermal stability of the blends. From rheological tests, the melt elasticity and viscosity of the blends at 170 ℃ were enhanced after PLA was added. The tensile strength of CPPC/PBS/PLA/MDI blends reached 47.9 MPa as 32 wt% of PLA was added. When PLA content was 16 wt%, the blends exhibited high adhesion strength (13.97 MPa), which was much higher than that of common commercial products. In addition, the enzymatic degradation tests showed that the blends had biodegradability. Therefore, CPPC/PBS/PLA/MDI blends have the potential to be used in biodegradable hot melt adhesives. Graphical CPPC/PBS/PLA/MDI blends with different PLA contents were prepared by in situ compatibilization. The biodegradable CPPC/PBS/PLA/MDI blends had good mechanical and adhesive properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子科学
·
胶粘剂技术
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 29
·e55670
·
IF 2.7
Jinyun Cui,Huaping Wang,Xinyi Chen,Ze Kan,Zhibo Li
Poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is recognized for its advantages as a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester. However, its application is often limited due to low strength and poor processability. In contrast, poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB) emerges as a fully biodegradable polyester characterized by high strength, excellent toughness, and facile processing. In this study, P4HB was employed to reinforce PBAT, and glycidyl methacrylate grafted onto poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) (P4HB-g-GMA) was introduced as an effective compatibilizer to address their inherent incompatibility. The study explored the influence of P4HB-g-GMA content on the mechanical, thermal, morphological, and rheological properties of the blends. The findings revealed that P4HB-g-GMA significantly enhanced the compatibility, mechanical properties, and melt strength of PBAT/P4HB blends. Furthermore, various PBAT/P4HB foams were prepared through a batch foaming process, employing supercritical CO 2 as a physical foaming agent. The volume expansion ratio and cell size of PBAT/P4HB foams increased with higher levels of the compatibilizer.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Zhibo Chen,Jinsen Cui,Yu Lin
We investigate the synergistic effect of ethylene-vinyl acetate grafted maleic anhydride (EVA-g-MAH) and styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene grafted maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MAH) compatibilizers on the phase morphology evolution, thermal and mechanical properties of polyether- block -amide/ethylene-vinyl acetate (PEBA/EVA) blends. Phase morphology of PEBA/EVA blends shows that the size of dispersed phase decreases in the presence of either EVA-g-MAH or SEBS-g-MAH compatibilizer. The simultaneous use of these two compatibilizers further reduces the dispersed phase size, indicating the synergistic effect of compatibilization. Thermal behavior analysis of PEBA/EVA blends reveals that the crystallization temperature ( T c ), the enthalpy of fusion ( Δ H m ) and the crystallinity of PEBA decrease, the melting point ( T m ) remains relatively unchanged with increasing EVA content. T c and Δ H m increase for PEBA/EVA blends in the presence of compatibilizer. The tensile strength and elongation at break of PEBA/EVA blends decrease first and then increase with increasing EVA content. The simultaneous addition of EVA-g-MAH and SEBS-g-MAH compatibilizers is efficient to significantly improve the mechanical properties of PEBA/EVA blends. For instance, the tensile strength increases from 5.7 to 11.4 MPa, and the elongation at break increases from 73.5% to 600.9% for PEBA/EVA (50/50) blend in the presence of dual compatibilizers compared to the uncompatibilized blend. Dynamic mechanical analysis and rheological behaviors demonstrate that the modulus and complex viscosity are higher in PEBA/EVA blends by the simultaneous addition of two compatibilizers compared with the blends in the presence of one compatibilizer, suggesting the enhancement of interfacial interactions between PEBA and EVA, and further confirming the synergistic effect of compatibilization.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Cailing Gan,Kaikai Shen,Jiahe Nan,Kaixiang Xu,Lichao Yu,Xiaojun Shen,Jipeng Guan
In this study, the Janus nanosheets (JNSs) as compatibilizers have been applied in the immiscible polyamide 6/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (PA6/ABS) blends. In the JNSs, polystyrene (PS) chains and epoxy groups were grafted on the opposite sides successfully where the epoxy functional groups can react with terminal carboxyl/amino groups of PA6 with ring-opening condensation reactions during melt blending. The obtained JNSs with grafting PS and PA6 chains on each side of silica nanosheets can gradually migrate toward and be anchored at the phase interface with amphiphilicity and the pickering effect. The JNSs exhibited higher interfacial selectivity and compatibilization efficiency. At 2.0 wt% JNSs loading, the ABS dispersed phase transformed from spherical to irregular ellipsoidal shapes, likely due to the rigid characteristics of JNSs altering phase interface curvature and consequently modifying the blend's phase morphology. The gas barrier properties of the blending films can be significantly enhanced from 3.10 × 10 −15 cm 3 cm·cm −2 s −1 Pa −1 to 1.70 × 10 −15 cm 3 cm·cm −2 s −1 Pa −1 with 2.0 wt% JNSs due to the irregular dispersed phase structure and the presence of silica nanosheets at the interface. This study investigates interfacial structure and mechanical properties with JNSs compatibilizers, providing new insights for interface compatibilization strategies and construction of functional composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子科学
·
化学工程
·
纳米技术
·
复合材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Membranes
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 7
·637
·
IF 4.2
Jiaqi Wu,Limei Wang,Bin Qi
Polylactic acid (PLA) is considered a mature alternative to synthetic plastics made from petroleum by-products, possessing the advantages of good mechanical strength. However, it also has some disadvantages such as brittleness and low toughness. In order to overcome and improve some of these unfavorable properties, PLA/PBAT composites were prepared by blending PLA with Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), and adding 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) as compatibilizers to investigate the effects of different compatibilizers on the properties of the composites. The main observations are as follows: FT-IR indicated that MDI did not add new groups, while the addition of ChNPs added a substantial amount of hydroxyl and methylene groups. The addition of both MDI and ChNPs did not have any effect on the crystalline shape of the composites, but could potentially reduce their crystallinity, increase the melt peak temperature, wet the boundary of the PLA and PBAT phases, decrease the size of the dispersed phases, reduce the number of dispersed phases, and improve interfacial compatibility. The incorporation of MDI increased the tensile strength from 13.02 MPa to 19.24 MPa, whereas the addition of ChNPs substantially enhanced the elongation at the break from 3.84% to 19.24%. Furthermore, the inclusion of MDI conferred enhanced moisture resistance, whereas the addition of ChNPs seemed to weaken the resistance to moisture.Keywords:polylactic acid;poly (butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate);4,4′-methylene-diphenyl diisocyanate;chitosan nanoparticles;interfacial compatibility;compatibilizers;composites
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2025
·Vol. 32
·期 9
·1-17
·
IF 2.8
Shen Yunda,Jin Bingrui,Ren Liang,Gan Hongnian,Li Jiankun,Zhao Dan,Shen Huizhong,Zhang Mingyao
Synergistically integrating poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) with polylactic acid (PLA) presents an economical strategy to develop biodegradable materials by leveraging their complementary characteristics. However, the inherent phase incompatibility between PBAT and induces severe interfacial defects, fundamentally limiting the development of high-strength biodegradable composites. In this study, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) is grafted onto PBAT through reactive blending during the melting process, whereupon PLA/PBAT-g-GMA blends are prepared by means of an in-situ compatibilization approach, in an attempt to achieve PLA/PBAT blends with satisfactory comprehensive properties. The effects of PBAT content and GMA grafting rate on the interfacial compatibility, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal performance, crystalline behavior and rheological processability of PLA/PBAT blends are investigated in detail. Systematic research has shown that the compatibility of PLA/PBAT blends has been significantly improved by implementing reactive compatibilization methods, and when the PBAT-g-GMA (2.84, the number refers to the grafting rate of GMA) content is 40%, the impact strength of the blend can reach 961 J/m without affecting rigidity, which indicates that our work proposes an effective approach to fabricate high-toughness PLA/PBAT blends through simple, environmentally friendly, and low-cost processing methods. Furthermore, the PLA/PBAT blends exhibit enhanced crystallization behavior while showing a slight decrease in thermal performance. The rheological analysis shows that the storage modulus, loss modulus, and complex viscosity significantly increase with the increase of PBAT content and GMA grafting rate, which improves processing performance of blends. SEM shows that as the grafting rate of GMA increases, the particle size distribution of PBAT becomes smaller and more uniform.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子科学与工程
·
生物可降解高分子
·
复合材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）